Wound Healing

Question 1

What are the four phases of wound healing?

Answer 1

1. Inflammatory/Debridement
2. Repair Phase
3. Wound Contraction
4. Maturation

Question 2

When does the inflammatory/Debridment stage begin?

Answer 2

Immediatly after injury.

Question 3

Describe the inflammatory/debridement stage

Answer 3

At first vasocontstriction will occur to control hemoraging, after about 5-10 min vasodialation will occur to allow clotting protiens through, and after 6 hours WBC will appear in the wound

Question 4

When do WBC appear in the wound?

Answer 4

Inflammatory/debridment stage/after 6 hours

Question 5

When does the repair phase appear?

Answer 5

3-5 days after injury

Question 6

What happens during the repair phase/

Answer 6

Fibroblasts and capilaries appear in the wound. Granulation tissue appears and epithelial cells will begin to reproduce at the edge of the wound

Question 7

When does wound contraction occur?

Answer 7

5-9 days after injury

Question 8

When does the maturation phase begin?

Answer 8

4 weeks after the injjury

Question 9

What happens during maturation?

Answer 9

there is remodeling of the fibrous tissue in the scar to increase wound strength

Question 10

What are the four types of wounds?

Answer 10

Clean wounds, Clean/contaminated wounds, contaminated wounds, infected wounds

Question 11

What are bite wounds considered as?

Answer 11

contaminated wounds

Question 12

What are clean wounds?

Answer 12

Wounds created under a septic environment

Question 13

What are clean/contaminated wounds?

Answer 13

Minimal contamination, levels can be reduced or removed

Question 14

What are contaminated wounds?

Answer 14

heavy contamination present

Question 15

What are infected wounds?

Answer 15

contaminated wounds colonized by bacteria exhibiting varying degrees of inflammation, pus formation and necrotic tissues

Question 16

what are three ways of wound cleansing?

Answer 16

Lavage, Debridment, Drains

Question 17

How much water should be used for lavage?

Answer 17

50-100 ml/cm

Question 18

What are the four types of wound closeur?

Answer 18

Primary closure, delayed primary closure, second intention wound healing, third intention wound healing

Question 19

When does primary closure occur?

Answer 19

6-8 hours after

Question 20

What happens with primary closure?

Answer 20

The wound can be stapled or sutured

Question 21

What is delayed primary closure?

Answer 21

When the wound remains open for 1-5 days before closure.

Question 22

What is second intention wound healing?

Answer 22

the wound is left open to heal on its own.

Question 23

What wounds would have second intention healing?

Answer 23

Old wounds with significant tissue damage or loss or very dirty and contaminated wounds

Question 24

What wound would have delayed primary closure?

Answer 24

moderatly contaminated or traumatized wounds

Question 25

What type of wounds would have primary closure?

Answer 25

fresh wounds with minimal tissue damage and contamination

Question 26

What is third intention wound healing?

Answer 26

The wound is sutured closed after a bed of granulation tissue has formed 5 or more days after initial wound occured

Question 27

When is third intention wound healing used?

Answer 27

On severely contaminated or traumatized wounds

Question 28

What are five factors that effect wound healing?

Answer 28

Host factors, Wound Characteristics, dead space, external factors, fluid accumulation

Question 29

What are host factors?

Answer 29

geriatric, debilitated, malnourished, or patients with an underlying diseases may experience slower wound healing

Question 30

What might healing tissues need?

Answer 30

oxygen and nutrients

Question 31

What are wound characteristics?

Answer 31

Foriegn material and necrotic tissues

Question 32

What are external factors?

Answer 32

administration of glucocorticoids, chemotherapy agents, and radiation therapy

Question 33

What would you do for immediate wound care?

Answer 33

Cover the open wound with a clean dry bandage and desensitize the wound by applying lidocain.

Question 34

What is the difference between a monopolar and a bipolar electrosurgical unit?

Answer 34

mono: requires a grounding plate in contact with the patient to conduct electrical current away from the patient
bi: utilizes a hand piece that looks like a thumb forcep and which passes electricity from one tip to the other

Question 35

What are suction equipment used for?

Answer 35

used to remove fluid accumulation from a surgery site