Wound Healing Flashcards
What are the four phases of wound healing?
- Inflammatory/Debridement
- Repair Phase
- Wound Contraction
- Maturation
When does the inflammatory/Debridment stage begin?
Immediatly after injury.
Describe the inflammatory/debridement stage
At first vasocontstriction will occur to control hemoraging, after about 5-10 min vasodialation will occur to allow clotting protiens through, and after 6 hours WBC will appear in the wound
When do WBC appear in the wound?
Inflammatory/debridment stage/after 6 hours
When does the repair phase appear?
3-5 days after injury
What happens during the repair phase/
Fibroblasts and capilaries appear in the wound. Granulation tissue appears and epithelial cells will begin to reproduce at the edge of the wound
When does wound contraction occur?
5-9 days after injury
When does the maturation phase begin?
4 weeks after the injjury
What happens during maturation?
there is remodeling of the fibrous tissue in the scar to increase wound strength
What are the four types of wounds?
Clean wounds, Clean/contaminated wounds, contaminated wounds, infected wounds
What are bite wounds considered as?
contaminated wounds
What are clean wounds?
Wounds created under a septic environment
What are clean/contaminated wounds?
Minimal contamination, levels can be reduced or removed
What are contaminated wounds?
heavy contamination present
What are infected wounds?
contaminated wounds colonized by bacteria exhibiting varying degrees of inflammation, pus formation and necrotic tissues
what are three ways of wound cleansing?
Lavage, Debridment, Drains
How much water should be used for lavage?
50-100 ml/cm
What are the four types of wound closeur?
Primary closure, delayed primary closure, second intention wound healing, third intention wound healing
When does primary closure occur?
6-8 hours after
What happens with primary closure?
The wound can be stapled or sutured
What is delayed primary closure?
When the wound remains open for 1-5 days before closure.
What is second intention wound healing?
the wound is left open to heal on its own.
What wounds would have second intention healing?
Old wounds with significant tissue damage or loss or very dirty and contaminated wounds
What wound would have delayed primary closure?
moderatly contaminated or traumatized wounds
What type of wounds would have primary closure?
fresh wounds with minimal tissue damage and contamination
What is third intention wound healing?
The wound is sutured closed after a bed of granulation tissue has formed 5 or more days after initial wound occured
When is third intention wound healing used?
On severely contaminated or traumatized wounds
What are five factors that effect wound healing?
Host factors, Wound Characteristics, dead space, external factors, fluid accumulation
What are host factors?
geriatric, debilitated, malnourished, or patients with an underlying diseases may experience slower wound healing
What might healing tissues need?
oxygen and nutrients
What are wound characteristics?
Foriegn material and necrotic tissues
What are external factors?
administration of glucocorticoids, chemotherapy agents, and radiation therapy
What would you do for immediate wound care?
Cover the open wound with a clean dry bandage and desensitize the wound by applying lidocain.
What is the difference between a monopolar and a bipolar electrosurgical unit?
mono: requires a grounding plate in contact with the patient to conduct electrical current away from the patient
bi: utilizes a hand piece that looks like a thumb forcep and which passes electricity from one tip to the other
What are suction equipment used for?
used to remove fluid accumulation from a surgery site
