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Hinduism (AS) > Worship in Hinduism - Hindu temples > Flashcards

Worship in Hinduism - Hindu temples Flashcards

1
Q

name of Hindu temples?

A

mandirs

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2
Q

how big are temples?

A

ranges in size; can be a small structure to a massive complex

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3
Q

shikara - define and which style of temple?

A

tower/vertical structure

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4
Q

garghagriha

A

cube/inner sanctum

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5
Q

mandap

A

porch-like structure

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6
Q

what do the steps to the mandap resemble?

A

struggle to reach moksha

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7
Q

what do the courtyards in the southern style symbolise?

A

mini pilgrimage

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8
Q

what does the design of the southern style temple allow worshippers to do?

A

a circumambulation of the murti

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9
Q

what is the temple though to be for?

A

house of God on earth to shelter murtis

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10
Q

where is the murti placed and what is the symbolism for this?

A

inner sanctum; fruit in a seed/atman in the body

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11
Q

what is the ground plan called and why is it considered sacred?

A

mandala - represents the whole cosmos, power of the divine in centered in the square shape which radiates out from centre to heaven through the shikara

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12
Q

why are temples typically colourful and alive?

A

evokes all the sense as it is the house of God

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13
Q

how frequently do devotees visit a temple?

A

depends on the individual - can be frequent or to attend ceremonies/festivals

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14
Q

what kind of worship takes place in temples?

A

private worship, communal celebration or event

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15
Q

why might devotees visit a temple?

A

for samskaras, to meditate or to ask God for help

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16
Q

what can devotees witness at temples?

A

darsan

17
Q

what do devotees do at temples?

A

remove shoes, ring bell to announce intention to worship, honours murtis and brings gifts, recieves blessings and darsan, sings/listens to sermons, says prayers and mantras

18
Q

when can’t a devotee enter a temple?

A

when polluted e.g menstruation of after contact with death

19
Q

what do priests do at a temple?

A

conduct both traditional and formal rituals, can perform Vedic havan rituals, chants verses from Vedas, performs arti ceremony, offers worshippers prasad and blesses them, prepare murtis and tends to them

20
Q

what does the arti ceremony involve?

A

waving lamp in front of murtis in devotion whilst ringing a bell, leading chants and mantras in Sanskrit

21
Q

why can only priests approach murtis?

A

murtis are consecrated

22
Q

what is yajna?

A

sacrifice of animals/food to deity of choice in sacred fire

23
Q

where is yajna performed?

A

outside in public

24
Q

who performs yajna?

A

specially trained priests in Vedic mantras and actions

25
Q

what happens during yajna?

A

praise and ask for favours of the gods such as good harvest or fertility

26
Q

what does the fire enable the sacrifice to do?

A

raise up to the gods (Agni)

27
Q

what is yajna now referred to as?

A

havan/homa

28
Q

who is havan/homa usually led by and why?

A

Brahmin priests as rituals are complex and powerful

29
Q

what is now offered during havan/homa?

A

ghi, sweets, fruits

30
Q

what has havan/homa been mostly replaced with?

A

puja, arti and murti worship

31
Q

where is havan/homa performed?

A

at home or in temples

32
Q

how long is havan/homa?`

A

can vary from few minutes to years

33
Q

what is the first stage of havan/homa?

A

kindling and consecrating the fire

34
Q

what is the second stage of havan/homa?

A

invocation of various deities

35
Q

what is the third stage of havan/homa?

A

making offerings into the fire

36
Q

one example of a festival dedicated to Lord Jagannatha?

A

Ratha Yatra - colourful chariots containing murtis are pulled along by devotees and it considered to be auspicious, devotees go to have darsan in attempt to ensure moksha

37
Q

festival of light?

A

Diwali - divas are filled with oil and lit to signify the triumph of good over evil

Hinduism (AS) (9 decks)

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