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Marine Biology > Worms🪱 > Flashcards

Worms🪱 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The coelom is known as the…

A

Body Cavity

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2
Q

What type of symmetry are Cnidarians?

A

Radial

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3
Q

What type of symmetry are Platyhelminthes?

A

Bilateral

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4
Q

What type of symmetry are sponges?

A

Asymmetrical

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5
Q

Platyhelminthes have a vermiform which means they have a/an…

A

Worm-like shape

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6
Q

The ganglia located in species of Platyhelminthes is a clump of…

A

Nerves

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7
Q

Trichinellas are…

A

Pseudocoelomate

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8
Q

Tapeworms are…

A

Acoelomate

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9
Q

Bristleworms are…

A

Coelomate

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10
Q

Invertebrates _____ have a backbone, where as vertebrates __ have a backbone.

A

Don’t, do

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11
Q

The order in which food/nutrients gets passed through an annelid is…

A

Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, crop, gizzard, intestine, anus

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12
Q

_____ worms are transparent, streamlined, with fish-like fins and a tail.

A

Arrow worms

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13
Q

The tapeworm has several ___________ that contain both the male and female reproductive organs.

A

Proglottids

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14
Q

Arrow Worms

A

Most common plankton

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15
Q

Beard Worm

A

No gut, mouth or anus

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16
Q

Cestoda

A

Tapeworms

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17
Q

Elephantiasis

A

Accumulation of watery fluid in tissues

18
Q

Heartworm

A

Mainly in dogs, transported by mosquitos

19
Q

Hirundea

A

Leeches

20
Q

Nematoda

A

Round worms

21
Q

Nemertea

A

Ribbon worms

22
Q

Oligochaeta

A

Earthworms

23
Q

Peanut worm

A

Have granules over body

24
Q

Pinworms

A

Perianal itching, highly contagious

25
Q

Polychaeta

A

Bristleworms

26
Q

Trematoda

A

Flukes

27
Q

Trichinosis

A

Disease caused by eating raw meat infected with larvae

28
Q

Turbellaria

A

Planarians

29
Q

What structures arise for the Endoderm, Ectoderm and Mesoderm layers?

A

Endoderm- Growth of structures, lining of the gut, lining of digestive tract
Ectoderm- Production of sensory system and surface skin
Mesoderm- Build muscular, excretory and reproductive systems

30
Q

Planaians have an incomplete digestive system. What does that mean?

A

They have one opening that serves as both the mouth and the anus.

31
Q

How is a Planarian’s ability to regenerate different than the regeneration process of a sea star?

A

When Planarians are cut in half, their head can grow a tail and their tail can grow a head. If sea stars are cut in half, most will die. Sea stars only regenerate lose arms.

32
Q

Explain the life cycle of a fluke and label the primary host, 1st intermediate host and 2nd intermediate host.

A

Human (primary host) ingests raw infected fish. The fluke travels through the digestive system and makes its home in the intestines, producing eggs. These eggs are excreted as feces, and this feces is ingested by the snail or a similar creature (the 1st intermediate host). The larvae will grow and burrow out of the 1st intermediate host, and look like a tasty snack for an unsuspecting fish (the 2nd intermediate host). Then the cycle will begin again.

33
Q

Explain how the nemertea capture their prey.

A

They rapidly extend a reversible proboscis to wrap around and immobilize their prey, followed by the injection of toxins

34
Q

Why are pinworms so contagious?

A

Pinworms are so contagious because they are transmitted by children. Children scratch their butts, and the worms then get into these Children’s hands. Because they don’t frequently wash their hands, the worms can travel to other children or to families and so forth.

35
Q

Why are worms in the phylum Echiura known as innkeepers?

A

They are known as innkeepers because they offer their burrows to any creature to live with them simultaneously.

36
Q

How are Platyhelminthes and Cnidarians different according to their tissue content?

A

Cnidarians have two tissue layers and Platyhelminthes have three.

37
Q

How do earthworms enrich and aerate soil?

A

When earthworms burrow they aerate the soil, and when they poop they enrich the soil.

38
Q

Parts of symmetry–>

A

Oral- side of mouth on jellyfish; Aboral- non-mouth side of jellyfish. Dorsal- top; Ventral- bottom; Anterior- head/front; Posterior- backside/behind

39
Q

Parts of a planarian–>

A

Auricle- weird flap looking things on the side; Brain- center of head; Eyespot- eye looking things; Pharynx- center of body

40
Q

Younger segments are further ______ and older segments are further _______.

A

Forward, back

41
Q

Parts of a tapeworm–>

A

Top hair looking things- hooks; circular looking things- suckers; top portion- scolex

Marine Biology (2 decks)

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