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American History > World war II > Flashcards

World war II Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the miracle at Dunkirk?

A

Amphibious operation that miraculously rescued the British and French armies

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2
Q

Leader of the French government

A

Charles de Gaulle

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3
Q

Free France/France

A

By the summer of 1940 Germany had conquered all of W Europe except for Great Britain

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4
Q

Operation Sea Lion

A

Battle of Britain

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5
Q

What was the Battle of Britain?

A

Hitlers plan to invade and conquer Britain

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6
Q

What should they control first?

A

The Luftwaffe German Air Force, the sky, combers attack Britain day and night

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7
Q

What did they target first?

A

Communication centers and airfields— wanted to destroy the British RAF

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8
Q

New Prime Minister?

A

Winston Churchill

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9
Q

Hitler changed his targets..

A

To attacking civilian population cities

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10
Q

Why was Hitler changing his targets a mistake?

A

Cause it gave British RAF time to recover.

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11
Q

The Blitz?

A

London attacked for 57 consecutive days/nights

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12
Q

What was the purpose of the blitz?

A

To destroy people’s will to fight — motivational posters, however it backfired and made them more determined to resist

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13
Q

What new British invention changed the tide?

A

RADAR

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14
Q

Results of the Battle of Britain

A

Turning point cause Britain wins— first time Hitler lost

People of Europe realized that Hitler is not unbeatable which boosted morale

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15
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

A

Lifeline of GB, it was between USA and GB—The ocean was vital for gbs survival (supplies and equipment)

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16
Q

Two sides of the war?

A

Allied Powers: Gb, France, and the Soviet Union and later the USA
Axis Powers: Germany, Italy, and Japan

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17
Q

What did USA practice?

A

It was neutral practiced Isolationism

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18
Q

Cash and Carry Program?

A

1939-40 assisted Great Britain with supplies.

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19
Q

Lend Lease Program

A

The USA could lend or lease arms or other supplies to any country

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20
Q

Who got aid?

A

Great Britain, China, and the Soviet Union

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21
Q

By 1941 what was the us doing?

A

THE USA was fighting an undeclared war on the axis powers.

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22
Q

Operation Barbarossa

A

Invasion of the Soviet Union on the Eastern Front

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23
Q

What 4 reasons did Hitler want the Soviet Union?

A
  1. lebensraum (living space) for German people
  2. largest population of Jews
  3. Natural resources—oil etc
  4. He hated communism and Stalin
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24
Q

Red army?

A

Unprepared Russian army

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25
Q

Battle of Leningrad

A

900 day siege of the 2.5 million residents over 1 million died

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26
Q

Battle of Stalingrad

A

Fought for control over the Russian oil fields

Ordered to fight to the death no surrender lasted 5 months

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27
Q

Turning point of the War on the eastern front?

A

neither city surrendered —battle of Stalingrad

The Soviets lost the most people in the war 20 million

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28
Q

Why was the Russian was Hitler greatest mistake?

A

Drained his manpower lost one third and military resources he also gets himself into a two front war

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29
Q

After the USA enters the war?

A

USA stopped all trading including oil with Japan—EMBARGO

30
Q

What does Japan realize?

A

That the USA is the only country that can stop them from taking over Asia

31
Q

What did the Japanese do?

A

Planned a secret attack— Battle of Pearl Harbor: USA naval base in the Pacific (Hawaii)

32
Q

Isoroku Yamamoto

A

Japanese naval commander

33
Q

When did the surprise attack happen?

A

December 7, 1941

34
Q

2 warning signs?

A
  1. Midget submarines discovered—4:00am

2. RADAR SIGHTING—7:05

35
Q

First wave?

A

2 waves of bombers and torpedo planes

36
Q

3 targets of Pearl Harbor?

A

Aircraft carriers (flat tops), battleships, and airfields

37
Q

USS Arizona

A

Memorial

38
Q

Results of Ph?

A

Destroyed 18 ships, including 8 battleships, 188 airplanes, and killed 2403 men

39
Q

Why was the attack not complete . What did the Japanese fail to do?

A
  1. Destroy repair facilities
  2. Destroy the fuel depots
  3. Destroy the US aircraft carriers
40
Q

Dec 8.

A

FDR and the USA declare war on Japan.

41
Q

What doe FDR call Pearl Harbor?

A

A date which will live in infamy

42
Q

Results of Pearl Harbor

A
  1. USA enter WWII
  2. unites the people of USA to want revenge
  3. Internment camps: 1100p Japanese Americans Nisei were forced into prison camps by A,Eric an government n the USA
43
Q

2 reasons for internment camps?real and fake

A

National security and fear and prejudice

44
Q

Baatan Death March

A

70000 American Filipino prisoners forced to march 50 miles from Corregidor Island

45
Q

US Commander of the Pacific Theater? Quote?

A

Gen Douglas MacArthur— promises I shall return

46
Q

Doolittle Raid?

A

Over Tokyo James Doolittle— strike Tokyo (16 bombers)—no military significances but boosted American morale

47
Q

2 major naval/air battles

A
  1. Battle of the Coral Sea
    The USA fleets stops the invasion of Australia
  2. Battle of Midway
    US defeats the Japanese and stops the planned invasion of Hawaii
    Turning point battle in the Pacific
48
Q

American strategy to win the Pacific theater?

A

Island hopping- to get close enough to launch bombing attacks on Japan

49
Q

Battle of Guadalcanal

A

Island of Death- 6 month bloody battle to control the airfield
The first major island taken from the Japanese

50
Q

Type of war in the USA?

A

Total war: everything involved in war effort

51
Q

Rationing Book

A

Food, gas, clothing, etc

52
Q

Victory Garden

A

People grew food for the war

53
Q

Women in the workplace?

A

Rosie the Riveter: symbol of American woman

54
Q

War bonds?

A

Loans given to the government that finance the war

55
Q

How did they get the American people to support the War?

A

Propaganda

56
Q

The Holocaust?

A

The systematic mass slaughter of the Jews and other undersirables

57
Q

Heinrich Himmler?

A

Head of the SS (Black Shirts) we’re in charge of the Holocaust

58
Q

What we the 4 parts to hitlers final solution?

A
  1. Immigration
  2. Mobile Death Squads
  3. Ghetto
  4. Death camps/ Gas ovens
59
Q

Immigration and why failed?

A

Made life so bad in Germany that they flee the country

Failed cause of the Great Depression

60
Q

Mobile death squats and why failed?

A

Soviet Union Dug trenches and were machine gunned to death

Failed because it destroyed the German soldiers morale

61
Q

Ghetto and why failed?

A

Jews were rounded up in cities (Poland) and out behind barbed wire and forced to work with little food—starved to detasth
Too slow

62
Q

Holding tanks?

A

Ghettos held people until shipped to death camp

63
Q

Death Camps/ Gas Ovens?

A

Jews gases in showers and cremated in ovens 6million Jews and 5m other undesirables were killed mostly through this method —out of 1qm —1.5m were kids

64
Q

Peak of Holocaust?

A

1942 up to 15000 killed daily

65
Q

Corrie ten boom?

A

Dutch Christian who hid Jews—hiding place

66
Q

Dietrich Bonhoeffe

A

German Protestant pastor who gave his life— the cost of discipleship

67
Q

Oskar Schindler

A

Businessman who gave his life saving Jews

68
Q

Anne Frank

A

Jewish girl who wrote a diary

69
Q

Israel?

A

Because a repayment team the Jews for the Holocaust

70
Q

3 types of concentration camps? What were they

A

Pow Camps(stalag)— held prisoners of war mostly in Germany most survived
Work Camps— used slave labor to help the Germen war effort many worked to death mostly in Germany (Dachau was the most infamous)
Death Camps— used to exterminate people all 6 in Poland — Auschwitz was the most infamous—1.1m died

71
Q

2 Major causes of WWII

A

Mistreatment of Germans in the Versailles Treaty

The Great Depression leads to rise of dictators

72
Q

Rise of 4 extreme forms of government

A

Communism
Nazism
Militarism
Fascism

American History (3 decks)

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