World War I and the Roaring 20s

Question 1

American Expeditionary Force

Answer 1

U.S. troops sent to fight in World War I. They helped push back German forces and led to the war’s end. The U.S. joined the war to help the Allies win, increasing its role in global affairs.

Question 2

Warren G. Harding

Answer 2

He called for a “return to normalcy” after World War I. His presidency was known for scandals, including Teapot Dome, and pro-business policies.

Question 3

Ratification

Answer 3

The formal approval of a law or treaty. The U.S. Senate refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles, keeping the U.S. out of the League of Nations.

Question 4

Atrocity

Answer 4

A cruel and violent act, often during war. Reports of German atrocities in Belgium helped turn American opinion against Germany.

Question 5

Harlem Renaissance

Answer 5

A cultural movement where Black artists, writers, and musicians expressed pride and struggles. It led to greater recognition of Black culture.

Question 6

A. Philip Randolph

Answer 6

A labor leader who fought for Black workers’ rights. He later led the March on Washington movement for equal job opportunities.

Question 7

Belligerent

Answer 7

A nation or person engaged in war. The U.S. became a belligerent in World War I after Germany’s attacks on ships.

Question 8

Herbert Hoover

Answer 8

He led food relief efforts in Belgium during World War I and later became president. His response to the Great Depression was criticized as too slow. His policies failed to stop the economic collapse, worsening the Great Depression.

Question 9

Red Scare

Answer 9

Fear of communism in the U.S. after the Russian Revolution. Many suspected radicals were arrested or deported.

Question 10

Comm. Relief in Belgium

Answer 10

A program led by Herbert Hoover to send food to Belgium during World War I. It saved millions from starvation. The U.S. saw itself as a global humanitarian power, increasing its involvement in the war.

Question 11

Immigration Act of 1924

Answer 11

A law that limited immigration, especially from Southern and Eastern Europe. It reflected strong anti-immigrant feelings.

Question 12

Reparations

Answer 12

Payments Germany was forced to make after World War I. They weakened Germany’s economy and led to resentment.

Question 13

Bank run

Answer 13

When people rushed to withdraw their money from banks, causing failures. Panic and lack of trust in banks deepened the Great Depression.

Question 14

Influenza epidemic of 1918

Answer 14

A deadly flu that spread worldwide after World War I. It killed millions, including many soldiers.

Question 15

Russian Revolution

Answer 15

A communist uprising that overthrew the Russian monarchy. It led to the creation of the Soviet Union.

Question 16

Black Tuesday

Answer 16

The stock market crash on October 29, 1929. It marked the start of the Great Depression. The crash destroyed wealth and confidence in the economy.

Question 17

Ku Klux Klan

Answer 17

A white supremacist group that terrorized Black people, immigrants, and Catholics. It gained power in the 1920s.

Question 18

Safe for democracy

Answer 18

A phrase used by President Wilson to justify entering World War I. He said the U.S. needed to fight to protect freedom. Wilson used this idea to convince Americans to support the war.

Question 19

Bolsheviks

Answer 19

A communist group led by Lenin that took control of Russia in 1917. They withdrew from World War I and formed the Soviet Union.

Question 20

League of Nations

Answer 20

An international group formed after World War I to keep peace. The U.S. never joined, weakening its effectiveness.

Question 20

Al Smith

Answer 20

A Catholic politician who ran for president in 1928. Many voters rejected him because of anti-Catholic bias.

Question 21

Calvin Coolidge

Answer 21

He supported big businesses and low taxes. He believed the government should not interfere in the economy.

Question 21

David Lloyd George

Answer 21

The British prime minister during World War I. He pushed for harsh penalties against Germany in the Treaty of Versailles. Went against Scopes in Scopes Trial

Question 22

Smoot-Hawley Act of 1930

Answer 22

A law that raised tariffs on foreign goods. It led to a trade war that hurt the economy. It made the Great Depression worse by reducing international trade.

Question 23

Georges Clemenceau

Answer 23

The leader of France during World War I. He wanted Germany to pay heavily for the war.

Question 24

Vladimir I. Lenin

Answer 24

The leader of the Bolsheviks. He created the first communist government and withdrew Russia from World War I.

Question 25

Teapot Dome Scandal

Answer 25

A corruption scandal where government officials took bribes for oil land leases. It damaged trust in the government.

Question 26

Contraband

Answer 26

Goods that are illegal to trade or own. In wartime, it included weapons and supplies sent to enemy countries.

Question 27

Henry Cabot Lodge

Answer 27

A senator who opposed the Treaty of Versailles. He led efforts to keep the U.S. out of the League of Nations.

Question 28

Tennessee v. Scopes

Answer 28

1925 trial where a teacher, John Scopes, was fined for teaching Darwin’s theory of evolution. It showed the conflict between science and religion.

Question 29

Coolidge prosperity

Answer 29

A time of economic growth in the 1920s. Business profits rose, and people had jobs.

Question 30

Lusitania

Answer 30

A British ship sunk by a German U-boat in 1915. Many Americans died, turning U.S. opinion against Germany. The attack increased pressure for the U.S. to enter World War I.

Question 31

They hired the money

Answer 31

A phrase by Calvin Coolidge. He said the U.S. should not forgive debts owed by other countries after World War I.

Question 32

Culture wars

Answer 32

Conflicts between traditional and modern values. Debates over immigration, religion, and social changes divided the U.S.

Question 33

Nativism

Answer 33

A belief that favors native-born citizens over immigrants. It led to restrictions on immigration in the 1920s.

Question 34

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 34

The peace treaty that ended World War I. It punished Germany and helped cause World War II.

Question 35

U-boats

Answer 35

German submarines that attacked ships, including American ones. Their attacks pushed the U.S. toward joining World War I.

Question 35

Elections of 1918, 1920, 1928 showed what?

Answer 35

These elections showed shifts in American politics after World War I and during the 1920s.

Question 36

Normalcy

Answer 36

Harding’s promise to return life to how it was before World War I. It meant less government involvement in global affairs.

Question 37

Tulsa Race Riots (1921)

Answer 37

A white mob attacked Black residents and businesses in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Hundreds were killed.

Question 38

Espionage, Sedition Acts ’17-18

Answer 38

Laws that made it illegal to speak against World War I or the U.S. government. These laws silenced critics and increased government power during wartime.

Question 39

On margin

Answer 39

Buying stocks with borrowed money. It created a risky market and led to the crash. Speculation with borrowed money contributed to the Great Depression.

Question 40

Exceptionalism

Answer 40

The belief that a country is unique or special. Many Americans thought the U.S. had a special role in world affairs.

Question 41

Ore. Compulsory Ed. Act 1924

Answer 41

A law requiring children to attend public school. It was later ruled unconstitutional.

Question 42

Unrestricted submarine warfare

Answer 42

Germany’s policy of sinking any ship, even neutral ones. It led the U.S. to enter World War I.

Question 43

Federal Reserve Bank

Answer 43

The central bank of the U.S. It controls money supply and interest rates. Caused Great Depression by tightening money supply

Question 44

Palmer Raids

Answer 44

Government raids on suspected communists during the Red Scare. Many immigrants and radicals were arrested.

Question 45

Wilhelm II

Answer 45

The German emperor during World War I. His aggressive policies helped start the war.

Question 46

Flappers

Answer 46

Young women in the 1920s who challenged traditional roles. They wore short dresses and embraced modern culture.

Question 47

Paris Peace Conference of 1919

Answer 47

A meeting of world leaders after World War I. They wrote the Treaty of Versailles.

Question 48

Woodrow Wilson

Answer 48

He led the U.S. into World War I and created the Fourteen Points. He failed to get the U.S. to join the League of Nations.

Question 49

Fourteen Points

Answer 49

Wilson’s plan for peace after World War I. It called for self-determination and the League of Nations.

Question 50

John A. Pershing

Answer 50

The general in charge of the American Expeditionary Force. His troops helped win World War I.

Question 51

Zimmermann Telegram

Answer 51

A secret message from Germany to Mexico. It promised Mexico land if it attacked the U.S. This angered Americans and helped push the U.S. into World War I.

Question 52

Great Depression

Answer 52

A severe economic crisis in the 1930s. Millions of people lost jobs and money. The crash, bank failures, and bad policies caused the Great Depression.

Question 53

Prohibition

Answer 53

A ban on alcohol from 1920 to 1933. It led to illegal speakeasies and organized crime.

Question 57

WW1 begin in Eu year

Answer 57

1914

Question 58

US enter WW1 year

Answer 58

1917

Question 59

WW1 end year

Answer 59

1918