World War I Flashcards
Who were the allied powers of World War I
Britain France USA Russia Serbia
Who were the central/Axis powers
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Turkey(ottoman empire)
Name one neutral country
Italy
Who else took part in the war
Colonies of both powers
Why wasnt it just a European war
Because countries all the around the world were in it not just European countries
When did it start and end
Started-1914
End-1918
How long did both sides think it would be
A few months
What happened near the end of 1917
Russia withdrew and USA joined the allied forces
Which side was defeated
Central powers
Why was it called the Great War
Because the world had never experienced war on a global scale before
What did the war cause
Many deaths, poverty, suffering, chaos and economic collapse
What did the industrial revolution do for the war
It had a huge impact on how bad it was because of all the new technology
Name the long term causes of the war
- nationalism
- industrial economies and imperialism
- militarism and navy control
- colonization and empires unstable conditions
- tension in the Balkans
Name the short term causes of the war
- the assassination of the archduke of Austria
Define nationalism
Extreme form of pride and devotion to a country, even until death
How did nationalism affect people going to war
It convinced a lot of young people to go
When was Britain the leading Europe economically
In the 19th century
When did that change
By the war,y 20th century Britain was no longer
What was the armed race
Because tension started between European powers they competed for power by increasing militarization and navy control, in the armed race they used the new industrialized tech to outpace each other
What did German, French and British militaries do
German and French militaries doubled and British and German increased armies for defense
Who had the strongest navy in the world and why
Britain to protect their empire and trade routes
Who wanted to build a navy to challenge the British
German emporer, Kaiser Wilhelm II
When and who introduced the dreadnoughts
1906 the British
What are dreadnoughts
Powerful battleships that have an armored deck and fast firing heavy guns
What did Germany do
Built a lot of battle ships
What did this result in
A naval race
Between when was the naval race
1906-1914
How many dreadnoughts did Britain and Germany have
B- 38
G- 24
Who colonized Africa mostly and why
Britain and then France, Belgium, and Portugal because it increased their economic and military power
Who also started doing this then
Germany
Where did Germany colonize
South-west Africa
What did European colonies compete over
Who had the most colonies
What caused conflict
Each wanted access to raw materials
What did Britain do as part of the entente cordiale agreement
Britain gave France Morroco
Who was involved in the entente cordiale agreement
Britain
France
Germany
What did the Moroccans demand
Freedom
Who supported them
Germans
Who nearly went to war and when
1905- Grammy France and Britain
What happened in 1911
Germany supported the Morroccons again and Britain supported France
What did Germany then do
Withdraw because they were given part of the French Congo
Who conquered Bosnia and when
Austria-Hungary in 1908
Who else wanted Bosnia
Serbia
So what did Serbia do
Ey threatened war with Austria-Hungary who was supported by Germany
Serbia was supported by Russia and Germany threatened Russia
What are the Balkans
South east European countries containing Balkan mountain range
Name 5 events that happened in the Balkans that caused World War I
- the old Ottoman Empire collapsed
- Serbia broke from Turkish control (became independent)
- Austria-Hungary was worried by the power Serbia was gaining in the Balkans and wanted to take control of them
- Serbia wanted to unite the entire Slav population in the Balkans including those in Austria-Hungry
- Austria-Hungary believed they needed to take control of Serbia
Austria-Hungary facts
- large empire
- ruled by Habsburg royal family
- start of 20th century leader was frame Joseph
- his son died
- his brother archduke Fran’s Ferdinand became the heir to the throne
Define Slav
A person from Eastern Europe who speaks a Slavonic language
What is the black hand
A group of people wanting to unite all the Slavic territories and people of the Balkans
Who formed the black hand
Serbian members of the military
What is the black hand against
Austro -Hungarian control of Serbia and other Balkan states
Who is gavrilo princip
The assassin that killed archduke frank Ferdinand and was part of the black hand
When did the Archduke get to Sarajevo
28 June 1914
Explain the Archduke’s trip
- To inspect Austrian troops
- Serbia was part of the Austro Hungarian Empire and they wanted independence,
- Ferdinand was very welcome
- they arrived by train
- travelled by car as apart of a 6 car procession to city hall for an official reception
- on the way a member of the black hand threw a bomb at their car but they managed to drive passed it in time and it blew up the car with guards in it that was behind the archduke
- franz continued the trip as a sign of power
- be Archduke’s car with guards in it made a wrong turn so the driver of his car so down and they coincidently stopped outside the cafe Gavrilo was at, he couldn’t believe his luck
- he pushed through the crowd and shot at the Archduke, he missed the first shot and instead shut his wife and then he continued to shoot until he shot the Archduke, he was immediately arrested
What was the event seen as
The immediate cause of World War I
By the 28th of July 1914 the war had begun
War breaks out, how?
- Austria blamed Serbia for murder of Franz Ferdinand,
the following countries joined the war,
- Russia decided to support Serbia,
- France had formed a military alliance with Russia to fight on the same side if there was a war and they then joined in
- Germany promised to fight with Austria of war broke out so they did
- on the 4th of August Germany invaded neutral Belgium and Luxembourg before moving towards France, then leading Britain to declare war on Germany
- many other countries then joined the war on the side of their allies
How did countries know which side to take
Before the war, some countries had assigned treaties and alliances with one another offering protection in the event of war and other political benefits
Name the treaties
Learn page 12 of notes
