World War I Flashcards
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
June 28, 1914 was killed by a Serbian man
The Great War
Another name for World War I / War to end all wars
Alliance
An agreement between two or more countries in order to help each other
Allied Powers
Serbia, France, Belgium, Russia, and Great Britain
Central Powers
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire
Woodrow Wilson
U.S. President during World War I
Lusitania
May 7, 1915 a German submarine sank the Lusitania killing 128 Americans civilians
Zimmermann Telegram
Was sent to Mexico from Germany asking Mexico to join the war
April 1917
U.S. enters World War I on the side of the Allies
Selective Service Act
Men aged 21-31 had to sign up to the military service
Armistice
November 11, 1918 the Germans agreed to Cease-fire
Truce, (stop fighting) signed on November 11, at 11:00 in 1918
Treaty of Versailles
Made Germany accept blame for the war and pay the allies $33 billion dollars war reparations
Militarism
Aggressive strengthening of a country’s armed forces
Imperialism
A system of building an empire by conquering lands around the world
Nationalism
A strong sense of pride and loyalty to one’s nation or culture
Mobilize
Country prepares its military for war
Western Front
Stretched from the North Sea all the way to Switzerland
Eastern Front
Reached from the Black Sea to the Baltic Sea
Trench Warfare
Defending a position by fighting from the protection of deep ditches
No-man’s-land
Empty patch of ground between enemy trenches
Stalemate
A situation in which neither side can win a decisive victory
U-boats
Submarine
Committee on Public Information
It organized rallies and parades and published and pamphlets to supports the war
Espionage Act of 1917
Restricted free speech and allowed the government to arrest opponents of the war
Liberty Bonds
Provided billions of dollars in loans to the Allies
War Industries Board
Oversaw the production and distribution of steel, copper, cement, and rubber
Jeanette Rankin
One of the few members of Congress to vote AGAINST war
National War Labor Board
Helped workers and management avoid strikes and reach agreements, established a minimum wage, and limited work hours
Sussex Pledge
Germany would not attack merchant ships without warning
American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
U.S. Troops that joined the French and British troops
General John J. Pershing
Leader of the AEF
Communists
People who favor the equal distribution of wealth and the end of all forms of private property
Czar
Russia’s Emperor (leader)
Russia dropped out of the war - March, 1918
What conditions led to the Russian pullout from the war?
- Around 8 million Russians were killed/wounded
- Food/Hunger riots
- Soldiers were deserting the Eastern Front
- New communist government
Germans moved soldiers from the _________ front to the _________ front
Eastern; Western
__________ Germans dead / ___________ British and French dead
250,000; 133,000
American troops stop ________ advance and protected _________
German; Paris
Name the Soldier who came from Tennessee and killed 25 soldiers, captured 132 soldiers. He won the Congressional Medal of Honor and had a movie where his life story was the basis for the movie.
Alvin York
Harlem Hellfighters
All African-American infantry that spent 191 days in combat and they won the “Cross of War” medal from France
Convoy
Military ships escorted allied merchant ships for protection
Strategy
A plan for fighting a battle or war
Food shortages in Germany
- 800 starve a day
- Germany runs out of soldiers
- Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary quit war (Central Powers)
- German leader Kaiser Wilhem II gives up throne and flees Germany
