Chapter 27 "The Cold War" Flashcards
How many years elapsed between the launch of Sputnik and the formation of NASA?
1 Year
When was Israel established?
1948
Why were the Rosenburgs executed?
Communist Activities
The Big Three
Stalin - Soviet Union
Roosevelt - USA
Churchill - Great Britain
Yalta Conference
Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin met in Soviet City, Yalta
Potsdam Conference, held in Germany, July 1945
France, Great Britain, US, and the Soviet Union divided Germany and when its capital, Berlin, into four zones
United Nations (UN)
An organization dedicated to resolving world conflicts
Iron Curtain
A barrier that prevents free exchange of ideas and information (1945-1990)
The Cold War
The struggle for global power between the United States and the Soviet Union
Containment
Preventing the Soviet Union from expanding its influences around the world
Marshall Plan
U.S. gave Western Europe $13 billion in loans to rebuild after WWII
Truman Doctrine
A policy of providing aid to help foreign countries fight communism became known
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
- An alliance of U.S.A., Canada, Iceland, and nine Western European countries started in 1949
- They promised to defend each other
Warsaw Pact
An alliance of Soviet Union and Eastern European countries
GI Bill of Rights
Service Man’s Readjustment Act
Offered veterans money for school as well as loans for houses, farms, and businesses
Labor Unrest
- 35% of workers were members of unions
- Millions workers went on strike
- Truman did not do a good job handling labor strikes
1947 Taft-Hartley Act
- Nonunion workers can be hired,
2. Must have an 80 day cooling off period before strike is held
Fair Deal
- Higher minimum wage (from 40¢ to 75¢ and hour)
* Expanded Social Security for elderly
Labor Unrest
- 35% of workers were members of unions
- Millions workers went on strike
- Truman did not do a good job handling labor strikes
1947 Taft-Hartley Act
- Nonunion workers can be hired,
2. Must have an 80 day cooling off period before strike is held
Fair Deal
- Higher minimum wage (from 40¢ to 75¢ an hour)
* Expanded Social Security for elderly
38th Parallel
Divides North and South Korea
Mao Zedong
Communist government leader of China Oct. 1, 1949
Hydrogen Bomb
A weapon far more powerful than the atomic bombs used in Word War II
Arms Race
The United States and Soviet Union rushing to build more and more weapons
Sputnik
Soviets first satellite (Oct. 1957)
- Orbit height: 359 mi
- The worlds first artificial satellite
Brinkmanship
A willingness to go to the brink of war to oppose communism
Red Scare
People in America were afraid of communists in 1940’s-1950’s
Joseph McCarthy
Believed communists were working in the State Department
McCarthyism
Accusing someone of communist activity without proof
NASA
National Aerodynamics and Space Administration
*Located in Washington D.C.
Covert
Secret
What crisis began when Britain, France, and Israel invaded Egypt?
Suez Crisis (Canal)
When did American Scientists test the first hydrogen bomb in the South Pacific?
1952
Baby Boom
A significant increase in the number of babies born
Sun Belt
Southern and Western states that offered a warm climate year-round and low tax rates
Urban Renewal
A program that makes a plan to improve life in cities
In the 1950’s the federal government began an urban renewal program mainly to do what?
Improve life in the cities
During the 1950’s, musicians such as Elvis Presley helped what type of music become popular?
Rock ‘n’ Roll
In the 1950’s many people moved to what area because the taxes were low?
Sun Belt
What was the 1952 novel that focused on the isolation from mainstream society felt by many African Americans
Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison
Some suburban communities, including Levittown, refused to sell homes to who?
African Americans
What year did Senator Edward R. Murrow claim to know of Communists who were aiding the Soviet Union from inside the U.S. State Department?
He never did, it was Senator Joseph McCarthy
The United States joined nine Western European countries, along with Iceland and Canada to from what?
NATO
