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Chapter 27 "The Cold War" Flashcards

1
Q

How many years elapsed between the launch of Sputnik and the formation of NASA?

A

1 Year

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2
Q

When was Israel established?

A

1948

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3
Q

Why were the Rosenburgs executed?

A

Communist Activities

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4
Q

The Big Three

A

Stalin - Soviet Union
Roosevelt - USA
Churchill - Great Britain

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5
Q

Yalta Conference

A

Churchill, Roosevelt, Stalin met in Soviet City, Yalta

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6
Q

Potsdam Conference, held in Germany, July 1945

A

France, Great Britain, US, and the Soviet Union divided Germany and when its capital, Berlin, into four zones

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7
Q

United Nations (UN)

A

An organization dedicated to resolving world conflicts

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8
Q

Iron Curtain

A

A barrier that prevents free exchange of ideas and information (1945-1990)

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9
Q

The Cold War

A

The struggle for global power between the United States and the Soviet Union

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10
Q

Containment

A

Preventing the Soviet Union from expanding its influences around the world

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11
Q

Marshall Plan

A

U.S. gave Western Europe $13 billion in loans to rebuild after WWII

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12
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

A policy of providing aid to help foreign countries fight communism became known

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13
Q

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

A
  • An alliance of U.S.A., Canada, Iceland, and nine Western European countries started in 1949
  • They promised to defend each other
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14
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

An alliance of Soviet Union and Eastern European countries

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15
Q

GI Bill of Rights

Service Man’s Readjustment Act

A

Offered veterans money for school as well as loans for houses, farms, and businesses

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16
Q

Labor Unrest

A
  • 35% of workers were members of unions
  • Millions workers went on strike
  • Truman did not do a good job handling labor strikes
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17
Q

1947 Taft-Hartley Act

A
  1. Nonunion workers can be hired,

2. Must have an 80 day cooling off period before strike is held

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18
Q

Fair Deal

A
  • Higher minimum wage (from 40¢ to 75¢ and hour)

* Expanded Social Security for elderly

19
Q

Labor Unrest

A
  • 35% of workers were members of unions
  • Millions workers went on strike
  • Truman did not do a good job handling labor strikes
20
Q

1947 Taft-Hartley Act

A
  1. Nonunion workers can be hired,

2. Must have an 80 day cooling off period before strike is held

21
Q

Fair Deal

A
  • Higher minimum wage (from 40¢ to 75¢ an hour)

* Expanded Social Security for elderly

22
Q

38th Parallel

A

Divides North and South Korea

23
Q

Mao Zedong

A

Communist government leader of China Oct. 1, 1949

24
Q

Hydrogen Bomb

A

A weapon far more powerful than the atomic bombs used in Word War II

25
Q

Arms Race

A

The United States and Soviet Union rushing to build more and more weapons

26
Q

Sputnik

A

Soviets first satellite (Oct. 1957)

  • Orbit height: 359 mi
  • The worlds first artificial satellite
27
Q

Brinkmanship

A

A willingness to go to the brink of war to oppose communism

28
Q

Red Scare

A

People in America were afraid of communists in 1940’s-1950’s

29
Q

Joseph McCarthy

A

Believed communists were working in the State Department

30
Q

McCarthyism

A

Accusing someone of communist activity without proof

31
Q

NASA

A

National Aerodynamics and Space Administration

*Located in Washington D.C.

31
Q

Covert

A

Secret

32
Q

What crisis began when Britain, France, and Israel invaded Egypt?

A

Suez Crisis (Canal)

33
Q

When did American Scientists test the first hydrogen bomb in the South Pacific?

A

1952

34
Q

Baby Boom

A

A significant increase in the number of babies born

35
Q

Sun Belt

A

Southern and Western states that offered a warm climate year-round and low tax rates

36
Q

Urban Renewal

A

A program that makes a plan to improve life in cities

37
Q

In the 1950’s the federal government began an urban renewal program mainly to do what?

A

Improve life in the cities

38
Q

During the 1950’s, musicians such as Elvis Presley helped what type of music become popular?

A

Rock ‘n’ Roll

39
Q

In the 1950’s many people moved to what area because the taxes were low?

A

Sun Belt

40
Q

What was the 1952 novel that focused on the isolation from mainstream society felt by many African Americans

A

Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison

41
Q

Some suburban communities, including Levittown, refused to sell homes to who?

A

African Americans

42
Q

What year did Senator Edward R. Murrow claim to know of Communists who were aiding the Soviet Union from inside the U.S. State Department?

A

He never did, it was Senator Joseph McCarthy

43
Q

The United States joined nine Western European countries, along with Iceland and Canada to from what?

A

NATO

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