World War I Flashcards
SPARKS OF WAR - Assassination
Assassination - June of 1814, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria and his wife were assassinated in Sarajevo by Gavrilo Princip. Motive was to break off Austria-Hungary’s south Slav provinces so they could be combined into Yugoslavia.
SPARKS OF WAR - Ultimatum
From Austria-Hungary to Serbia (delivered on July 23rd). According to the Ultimatum, Serbia must end all anti-Austrian agitation & when they only partially agreed, Austria declared war on Serbia
SPARKS OF WAR - Blank check
Germany gives Austria-Hungary a blank check to show their unconditional support
SPARKS OR WAR - Alliances formed
Allied powers; Central powers
Allied - Great Britian, France, Russia, Serbia, Belgium, Japan, and Montonegro
Central - Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria
Beginning perceptions of war
Everyone thought the war would be over by Christmas
NEW FIGHTING STYLES - Poisonous gas
Goal was to kill in large numbers and caused blindness, choking, vomiting, torn lungs, and death
NEW FIGHTING STYLES - Tanks
Designed so you could attack the enemies trenches by riding over and break the trench lines
NEW FIGHTING STYLES - Airplanes
“Dog fights”, in which the opposing aircrafts attempted to shoot eachother down with their machine gins. Also used to drop bombs from the air
NEW FIGHTING STYLES - U-Boats
Submarine warfare
NEW FIGHTING STYLES - Flame throwers
Fired a stream of gasoline
1917
USA decided to enter the war
Propaganda
Ideas or rumors used to harm an opponent, cause - to portray the enemy as beastly and inhuman
Total war
Preparing for a war that may include any and all civilian-associated resource & infrastructure as legit targets
Consricption
Targeted single men to join war
Role of women
Women were drafted into industries by the death of their husbands. More women in the workplace
Reasons Russia withdrawls
Russian ans German troops met at Tannenberg, Poland. Germans encircled and destroyed the Russian army. They killed 30,000+ and imprisoned 92,000.
US involvment
In 1917 the US entered the war.
Reasons attitude changes; Lusitania
Germans knew miltary weapons were on board the Lusitania so they sunk it and killed the passengers
Reasons for declararion
America declares war on Germany because of the Zimmerman telegram
Zimmermann telegram
Telegram from Germany to Mexico promising that in event of a war Mexicans would regain U.S territory. Intercepted by London and given to the US
US effects on war
The financial aid and military intervention led to an allied victory.
Rejuvinates allied soliders who had been fighting for 4 years
Gave $$ to allied countries for needed resources and materials
Armistice
November 11th, Germany signed armistice agreement that ended the fighting in western Europe.
Wilsons 14 Points
Plan for peace. Wanted a generous peace agreement;
- end secret agreements
- freedom of seas and trade
- reduction of arms
- end imperialism
League of nations
Prevents future wars by working shit out and not going straight to war
Paris peace conference
France, Great Britian, and US (BIG 3) meet at the Palace of Versailles to determine Germanys fate.
Treaty of Versailles
- Limited Germanys military (defensive not offensive)
- Took away land to create buffers
- Germany has to pay $30 billion to allies
- GB&France punish Germany & make sure they’re safe
Effects of war
Casualities - 9 mil dead, 21 mil wounded, 13 mil civilions dead
- Empires destroyed
- Land destroyed
The causes of war (4)
Nationalism - Feeling that your country is the best
-Want more land to form an empire
Imperialism - European countries become rivals
- Who can control the most land?
Militarism - Glorified war
- Comparing the training of troops
- Drafting for more me
- One country gets steonger = Other country strengthens THEIR military
Alliances - Agreements between countries - will defend eachother
