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History > World War 1 > Flashcards

World War 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the triple alliance

A

Italy joined the alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary

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2
Q

What was the change in German foreign policy

A

Kaiser Wilhelm II forced Bismarck to resign

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3
Q

Why was it significant that Germany’s treaty with Russia lapsed in 1890

A

Russia responded by forming a defensive military alliance with France

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4
Q

Why did Britain form an alliance with France

A

Wilhelm began a tremendous shipbuilding program alarming Britain

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5
Q

What was the triple entente

A

Britain, Russia, and France

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6
Q

Why was the Balkans known as the powder keg of Europe

A

They had a long history of nationalist uprisings and ethnic clashes

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7
Q

Who did Austria annex

A

Bosnia and Herzegovina

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8
Q

What was the impact of Austria annexing Bosnia and Herzegovina

A

Tensions between Serbia and Austria rose

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9
Q

Who was archduke franz Ferdinand

A

The heir to the Austro-Hungary throne

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10
Q

Who was Gavrilo principe and the black hand

A

A secret society committed to ridding Bosnia of Austrian rule

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11
Q

What happened on June 28th 1914

A

Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated

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12
Q

What was Austria’s reaction to the assassination

A

They used it as an excuse to punish Serbia

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13
Q

How did the major powers end up in war

A

Austria-Hungary declared war against Serbia setting off a chain reaction within the alliance system

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14
Q

Who were the central powers

A

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire

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15
Q

Who were the allies

A

Great Britain, France, Russia, Japan, and Italy

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16
Q

What was the view on the war in the beginning

A

They thought it would be short

17
Q

Explain the first battle of the Marne

A

The allies attacked Germany northeast of Paris in he valley of the Marne river. After 4 days, Germany retreated. This left the Schlieffen plan in ruins

18
Q

What were new weapons used

A

Poison gas, machine guns, tanks, and submarines or German uboats

19
Q

What was the situation in Russia by 1916

A

Russians war effort was near collapse

20
Q

What did the main powers do to try and end the stalemate

A

Look for new alliances and open new battle fronts

21
Q

What was the Gallipoli campaign

A

Tried to open supply lines to Russia but ended in failure

22
Q

What was American involvement prior to 1917

A

Americans sold supplies to Britain even though they were neutral

23
Q

Why did America favor the allies

A

They felt a bond with England and had stronger economic ties with the allies

24
Q

What happened in Russia in 1917

A

A provisional government was established and Russia refused to fight

25
Q

What did the treaty of Brest-litovsk do

A

Ended the war between Germany and Russia

26
Q

Who was not represented at the Paris peace conference

A

Russia and Germany

27
Q

Who were the big four

A

Woodrow Wilson (U.S.), Georges Clemenceau (France), David Lloyd George(GB), and vittorio Orlando (Italy)

28
Q

What were the fourteen points

A

An end to secret treaties, freedom of the seas, free trade, reduced national armies and navies, the adjustment of colonial claims,changing borders, and a general association of nations

29
Q

Treaty of Versailles

A

created the League of Nations and put all the blame on Germany as well as made them pay and lessen their military

30
Q

What new countries were formed from Austria-Hungary

A

Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia

31
Q

Why did the U.S. Reject the treaty

A

They thought their best hope for piece was to stay out of European affairs

32
Q

What was the legacy of treaty

A

Bitterness in Germany, other countries felt cheated, African colonies were angry, and Japan and Italy wanted more as victors

33
Q

What tensions lead to war (MAIN)

A

Militarism, alliances, imperialism, and nationalism

History (15 decks)

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