World War 1 Flashcards
Which term describes the policy of glorifying conflict and keeping an army prepared for war?
Militarism
What region was referred to as the “powder keg” of Europe?
The Balkans
Which statement summarizes the Schlieffen Plan that Germany created to prepare for a two-front war?
Attack France first, then Russia
Why were Germany and Austria-Hungary known as Central Powers?
The name referred to the geographical location of the two original members of the alliance, Germany and Austria-Hungary, in Central Europe
Which nation’s actions caused the United States to fight in World War I?
Germany
.Unrestricted Submarine Warfare.
.Propaganda Campaigns.
.The Zimmerman Telegram.
What were the Fourteen Points?
The Fourteen Points was a statement of principles for peace that was to be used for peace negotiations in order to end World War I. The principles were outlined in a January 8, 1918 speech on war aims and peace terms to the United States Congress by President Woodrow Wilson.
Who was forced to assume sole responsibility for the war under the Treaty of Versailles?
Germany
Why did Italy refuse to support its ally Germany?
Italy broke the alliance with Austro-Hungary well before entering the war. It was meant as a purely defensive alliance, and when Austria and Germany assaulted Belgium and France, Italy deemed the alliance invalid because the other two countries had violated its terms.
What did the policy of unrestricted submarine warfare refer to?
Unrestricted submarine warfare is a type of naval warfare in which submarines sink merchant ships such as freighters and tankers without warning.
What was the American public’s opinion about joining the League of Nations?
The United States did not officially join the League of Nations due to opposition from isolationists in Congress.
What event in Sarajevo ignited the Great War?
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie.
What was the purpose of propaganda during World War I?
To scare citizens into action and strengthen national resolve.
What did the Zimmermann Telegram ask Mexico to do?
The telegram further conveyed Germany’s intentions should America enter the war. That included urging Mexico to join Germany in declaring war against the United States. In exchange, Germany committed to assist Mexico in regaining its lost territories of Arizona, Texas, and New Mexico.
Which THREE nations belonged to the Triple Entente?
Great Britain, France, and Russia
Which THREE nations belonged to the Triple Alliance?
Great Britain, France, and Russia
What is an entente?
An arrangement or understanding between two or more nations agreeing to follow a particular policy with regard to affairs of international concern.
Who did Rasputin advise?
Alexandra
What did the Germans want to achieve with unrestricted submarine warfare?
They hoped to break the British stranglehold blockade of crucial German supply ports and knock Britain out of the war within the year. U-boats resumed unrestricted attacks against all ships in the Atlantic, including civilian passenger carriers
What did the soldiers do in the trenches on the Western Front?
.Filling sandbags, repairing trenches, pumping out flooded sections, and digging latrines.
. Trench life involved long periods of boredom mixed with brief periods of terror
What requirement did France insist upon including in any peace settlement with
Germany?
To surrender approximately 10 percent of its prewar territory in Europe and all of its overseas possessions.
Why did Great Britain join World War One?
Germany’s violation of Belgian neutrality and British fears of German domination in Europe brought Britain to join.
What is conscription?
It made all male citizens between the ages of 20 and 45 subject to military service, if called, for the duration of the war
Why did German authorities help Lenin return to Russia?
The Germans where eager to get Russia out of the war so that they could concentrate on fighting France and Britain.
Name three results of the Treaty of Versailles
The treaty forced Germany to surrender colonies in Africa, Asia and the Pacific; cede territory to other nations like France and Poland; reduce the size of its military; pay war reparations to the Allied countries; and accept guilt for the war.
Name the major reasons that the U.S. entered World War One
Germany’s resumption of submarine attacks on passenger and merchant ships in 1917 became the primary motivation behind Wilson’s decision to lead the United States into World War I.
Austria-Hungary declared war on which country to start World War One?
Serbia
What were the underlying causes of World War One?
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, & Nationalism.
Why was the archduke of Austria-Hungary assassinated?
When it was learned that the heir-apparent to the Austrian throne, Franz Ferdinand, was scheduled to visit Sarajevo in June of 1914, the Black Hand decided to assassinate him because of his perceived threat to Serbian independence.
Name the new weapons introduced during World War One
Submarines, poison gas, warplanes and tanks.
What were three reasons why the U.S. joined WWI
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare.
Propaganda Campaigns.
The Zimmerman Telegram
Again…
Who were the Reds?
The Bolsheviks
What was “Peace, Land and Bread”?
The slogan of the Bolshevik leaders in 1917 was “Peace, Land, and Bread.” Bread was desired by everyone, since the war had disrupted transportation and created shortages of food in the cities. Peace, too, was desired by many, especially by the soldiers at the front, who lacked munitions.
Name three elements found in Woodrow Wilson’s peace plan
In the speech, Wilson directly addressed what he perceived as the causes for the world war by calling for the abolition of secret treaties, a reduction in armaments, an adjustment in colonial claims in the interests of both native peoples and colonists, and freedom of the seas.
How did the Treaty of Versailles affect Germany?
The treaty forced Germany to surrender colonies in Africa, Asia and the Pacific; cede territory to other nations like France and Poland; reduce the size of its military; pay war reparations to the Allied countries; and accept guilt for the war.
What was the purpose of the interrupter gear?
This regulated a machine gun’s fire so as to enable the bullets to pass between the blades of the spinning propeller.
World War One officially ended on what date in 1918?
November 11, 1918
Why did Czar Nicholas II and his wife rely so much on Rasputin?
Rasputin cemented his relationship with the czar and czarina by supposedly alleviating the suffering of their only son and heir, Alexei, who had hemophilia, a rare disorder in which blood doesn’t properly clot. The holy man’s alleged healing powers continue to be debated today.
Which term describes industrialized European nations that expanded their territories
through the controlling of smaller, less defendable countries?
Imperialism
Which term best describes the desire of a country for self rule?
Self-determination
Which term best describes a defensive agreement made between two or more nations?
Alliances are formal agreements between two or more nations. In national defense, they’re promises that each nation will support the other, particularly during war.
Why was Germany blamed by many for the start of World War One?
The aggressive attitude of Germany’s leaders, their desire to extend Germany’s influence throughout Europe, and on the militaristic nature of the German people
Why did Great Britain choose to enter the conflict against the Central Powers at the start
of World War One?
Germany’s violation of Belgian neutrality and British fears of German domination in Europe brought Britain and its empire into the war on 4 August. These actions reflect the fears, anxieties and ambitions of the European powers.
Name three reasons why the Schlieffen Plan did not work
- German forces were slowed as they trudged through heavily defended areas of Belgium as they marched toward the French border.
- Military defenses were much stronger than anticipated which slowed the German army considerably.
- The Russian army mobilized in a much shorter time than was expected causing the Germans to devote a larger portion of their army to the Eastern Front.
Name three new phrases that were introduced during WWI
Uncle Sam.
Here today. Gone tomorrow.
Soldiers were alive one day but killed the next day. Over the top.
Having a chat or chatting. …
Cooties.
No man’s land.
The whole nine yards.
Sniper.
Why did the Russian people want to leave World War One?
Russia left WW1 because it was in the interest of Russian Communists (Bolsheviks) who took power in November 1917. The Bolsheviks’ priority was to win a civil war against their domestic opponents, not to fight in WW1.
Name three type of ships that were sunk by the Germans
Military ships
Cargo ships
Passenger ships
Why didn’t the United States enter World War One until 1917?
The precise reasons for Wilson’s decision to choose war in 1917 remain the subject of debate among historians, especially in light of his efforts to avoid war in 1915 after the sinking of the British passenger liners Lusitania and Arabic, which had led to the deaths of 131 Americans.
Which term best describes the directing of all people and resources toward the war
effort?
Total War
Militarism
Name three reasons why Germany was bitter and angry over the Treaty of Versailles
Germany lost 12% of its territory and its colonies, had to reduce its army to 100 000 men and had to pay massive war reperations but they received godly treatment compared to their allies.
Which countries made up the “Big Four” at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919?
Britain, Italy, France, and the U.S
