World of the Hero - Odyssey Flashcards
What is the setting of Odyssey Book 1?
10 years after the Trojan War, Odysseus is on Ogygia with Calypso while Telemachus and Penelope are in Ithaca surrounded by suitors.
Who advises Telemachus in Odyssey Book 1?
Athena, disguised as Mentes, advises Telemachus.
What happens in Odyssey Book 5?
Zeus sends Hermes to Calypso to release Odysseus, who is reluctantly agreed to be freed. Poseidon destroys Odysseus’ raft, but he is saved by Ino.
What does Athena tell Nausicaa in Odyssey Book 6?
Athena tells Nausicaa to wash clothes in the river in a dream.
What occurs in Odyssey Book 7?
Athena, in disguise, directs Odysseus in protective mist to the palace where Arete and Alcinous agree to lend him a ship.
What happens during the banquet in Odyssey Book 8?
Demoducus entertains, and Alcinous suggests games when he realizes Odysseus is upset. Odysseus wins the discus toss after being insulted by Broadsea.
What is the first flashback in Odyssey Book 9?
1) Ismarus, city of the Cicones, where Odysseus’ crew is greedy and attacked, losing 6 men.
What happens in the land of the Lotus-eaters in Odyssey Book 9?
Odysseus’ crew eats the fruit that removes their desire to return home (Nostos).
What occurs in the land of the Cyclopes in Odyssey Book 9?
Odysseus lingers in Polyphemus’ cave, leading to the devouring of 2 men. He later blinds Polyphemus and escapes but reveals his identity, angering Poseidon.
What happens on the island of Aelous in Odyssey Book 10?
Aelous gifts Odysseus a bag of winds, but his crew opens it near Ithaca, causing them to be blown off course.
What does Circe do in Odyssey Book 10?
Circe transforms Odysseus’ scouts into pigs, but he is helped by Hermes and they stay for a year.
What does Odysseus learn in the land of the dead in Odyssey Book 11?
Elpenor asks for a proper burial, Teiresias tells him of his future, and he meets heroes and villains like Agamemnon and Achilles.
What warning does Circe give in Odyssey Book 12?
Circe warns Odysseus of dangers he will face, including the cattle of the sun god on Thrinacie.
What happens when the Phaeacian’s send Odysseus home in Odyssey Book 13?
Poseidon punishes the Phaecians against Zeus’ advice, and Odysseus lies to Athena in disguise.
What occurs in Odyssey Book 16?
Telemachus arrives at Eumaeus’ hut and meets Odysseus, who is disguised as a beggar.
What happens in Odyssey Book 17?
Telemachus greets Penelope, and Odysseus, disguised as a beggar, is assaulted by Antinous.
What occurs in Odyssey Book 18?
Odysseus fights Irus and wins. Penelope extorts gifts from the suitors, and Eurymachus insults Odysseus.
What does Odysseus do in Odyssey Book 19?
He and Telemachus remove weapons from the hall, and he tells Penelope about his travels.
What challenge does Penelope issue in Odyssey Book 21?
Penelope brings out the bow for the suitors to try and issues a challenge.
What happens in Odyssey Book 22?
Odysseus begins to shoot at the suitors, and with Athena’s help, he and Telemachus kill them.
What does Eurycleia tell Penelope in Odyssey Book 23?
Eurycleia tells Penelope that Odysseus has returned, but she does not believe her.
What is the structure of the Odyssey?
The Odyssey has a repetitive style due to oral tradition and is composed in dactylic hexameter.
What is the role of women in the Odyssey?
Loyalty and intelligence - Penelope
Athena - power and aid
Nausicaa - Hospitality and kindness
Calypso, Circe - temptresses
How is Odysseus characterized?
Odysseus is described as resourceful, godlike, long-enduring, and cunning. But also puts his men in danger for Kleos. Polyphemus / Cicones.
How is Penelope characterized?
Penelope is described as loyal as she undoes the death shroud every night and refuses to take the suitors hand in marriage.
How is Telemachus characterized?
Telemachus is growing up and becoming a man - at the start he is inexperienced and unable to deal with the suitors but as the story progresses he becomes more confident and assertive, helping to kill the suitors.
What is the role of the immortals in the Odyssey?
Their actions shape the story and reveal Odysseus’ heroic traits, adding to themes of fantasy, justice, and vengeance.
What does W.A. Camps say about the Odyssey?
He states that “supernatural powers are at work everywhere.”
What does Silk say about Odysseus?
Silk states that “Odysseus’ most heroic quality is his ability to be cunning.”
What does Chrystal say about Athena?
Chrystal states that “Athena holds the key to Odysseus’ homecoming.”
What does Daly say about loyalty in the Odyssey?
Daly states that “Penelope and the slaves’ tears convey loyalty, while Telemachus’ tears convey connection with his father.”
