World History: Interwar deglobalisation

Question 1

Leaders and their dates :

Answer 1

• Brazil: Getulio Vargas 1930
• Colombia: Jose Gaitan (land reform)
• Mexico: Lazaro Cardenas
• Argentina: Peron 1950
• Dutch East India: Governor General De Jonge

Question 2

Populism facts

Answer 2

-Lazaro Cardenas nationalising the foreign owned oil companies in 1938

Question 3

Autarky and protectionism

Answer 3

• By the end of the 1930’s India was producing 95% of cement that it used, an increase from 515 in 1919
• Indian govt. introduced tariffs on wheat in 1931 and on broken rice in 1935
• Kuomintang in China increased trade protection to try and induce industrial development with average import tariffs increasing from 3% to 27% between 1929 and 1933
• Coffee making up 70% of exports in Colombia and Brazil
• Industry grew ten times faster than agriculture due to tariff protection on industry

Question 4

Colonial Policy

Answer 4

-In Belgian Congo, colonial officers used forced labour leading to a trebling of cotton exports between 1929 and 1937 and doubling of palm oil.

Question 5

Historians

Answer 5

• Lennihan argues that British Colonial Policy was designed to impoverish Nigerians while Ochonu argues that it was a byproduct of colonial policy
• Rothermund passive and reactive nations
• Williams