World History - Chapter 7, Sections 1-4 Flashcards
What River was the city of Rome divided by?
The Tiber River
What major mountain rage separates Italy from the rest of Europe?
The Alps
What part of Ancient Rome was part of a religion?
Latium
What was Latium’s main language?
Latin
What was Rome’s natural defence?
The hills
What does Rome have access to?
A port on the Tiber River
What are the three things that are natural defenses to Rome?
The Hills, Shallow parts of the Tiber River, and a port on the Tiber River
What was Rome’s first government?
A Monarchy
What is a Republic?
A government in which citizens have the right to vote and elect officials
Which Government allows citizens to have the right to vote & elect officials?
A Republic
Which people of Rome could play a role in the city’s government?
All Free Adult Male Citizens
What people developed their own alphabet based on the Greek alphabet?
The Etruscans
What is a Legion?
Rome’s basic unit of army
What advantage did Rome’s army have?
They didn’t travel in a large square, so they could be more flexible with movements.
What did Allies of Rome have in return?
Roman Citizenship and the Right to Vote
What was the main idea on Rome’s government?
Separation of Power
Who were Roman Citizens? 4 things
- Free Roman Men, 2. If BOTH parents were citizens, males could be Citizens at birth, 3. Citizenship could later be given by the Roman people, 4. Citizenship could later be given by Generals & Emperors.
What was a Toga?
Was the symbol of Roman Citizenship
What is a Patrician?
They were powerful landowners who controlled the Roman gov’t
What was a Plebeian?
They were farmers and workers who made up most of the population and had fewer rights
How long can a Dictator rule in times of crisis?
No more than 6 months
What was the most important job of a Consul?
To lead the armies
What did Praetors do? 3 things
They aided the Consuls, managed the city of Rome, and led armies in times of war
What did Censors do?
They oversaw moral conduct of all citizens
What did the Assemblies do?
They voted on laws and elected officials
Who could veto any actions, or laws?
The 10 Tribunes
What is it called when men ruled their families?
Patriarchal Society
Did Roman women have more rights then what Greek women did?
Yes, Roman women had more rights than Greek women
What was the most important thing that Rome thought that women had to do?
Roman women was to have chilrden
What did the Romans do to get their wealth?
They earned it from Agriculture
Where did the Poor Roman people live?
In poorly built apartments that are prone to Crime, Fires, and Disease
Who was most of the poor Roman people?
Tenant Farmers
Who became citizens and had the right to vote?
Freed slaves
Who were Spartacus?
They were a Roman slave who led 70,000 slaves in the most brutal slave revolt in Rome
Who was Judaism made from?
Julius Caesar
Who fought in the Punic War?
Rome and Carthage
What animal did Hannibal used against Rome?
Elephants
What were the 3 problems from the Roman Expansion?
- Increase in the Gap between the Rich & Poor, 2. Huge number of Slaves being brought into Rome, 3. Politicians willing to do anything to keep their Wealth & Power
Who were the Gracchi?
They were the brothers Tiberius and Gaius Cracchi
Who was Marius?
They was a powerful Consul who changed & improved the Roman army?
How did Marius Change and Improve the Roman Army? 2 things
- Allowed Poor Romans to join the army, 2. Government paid for all army equipment
What river did Caesar cross to declare war?
The Rubicon River
Who was Octavian?
Octavian had chosen by Caesar to be his heir as dictator
Which 3 people were in The 2nd Triumvirate?
Octavian, Marc Antony, and Lepidus
Who was Antony?
Antony Joined with Cleopatra in Egypt
Who was Lucius Sulla?
Lucius marched on Rome with his army to take over
Which 3 people were in The First Triumvirate?
Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus
Who was Cicero?
He was a brilliant lawyer, who refused b/c he believed Caesar & Pompey actions were unconstitutional
Who was Princeps?
“First Citizens”, is the title that Octavian avoided being called King or Emperor
