World History Flashcards
Taught that the Catholic church was distorting God’s word.
Desiderius Erasmus!
Printed the first bible in the English language!
William Tyndale!
Translated the old testament from Hebrew to German during the 1400s.
Johann Reuchlin!
A friend of Martin Luther who translated the new testament from Greek to German.
Phillip Melancthon!
Wrote the 95 thesis.
Martin Luther
An official church meeting.
Diet (Pronounced deeyit)
Declared Martin Luther a heretic.
The edict of worms (Pronounced vurms)
Explored the coast of California.
Juan Cabrillo
“Discovered” the Mississippi river!
Hernando de soto
“Discovered” the Grand Canyon.
Francisco Coronado
Explored the east coast of North America.
Giovanni De Verrazano
“Discovered” the Saint Lawrence River.
Jaques Cartier
First Modern explorer to reach the North American mainland.
John Cabot
Conquered the Incas of Peru.
Francisco Pizzaro
Conquered the Aztecs and their leader Montezuma II.
Hernando Cortez
Three year voyage around the world, first to circumnavigate the globe.
Ferdinand Magellan
First Spanish landing in North America, searched for the fountain of youth in Florida.
Ponce De Leon
Most powerful North American empire at the beginning of the age of exploration, tenochtitlan was their capital.
Specifically North American
Aztecs
Azzzteks
Most important civilization in South america; Cuzco was their capital.
The poison made for Kuzco, The poison for Kuzco, Kuscos’ poison.
Incas
First great civilization of the western hemisphere.
Mayas
A friar appointed who traveled in Europe selling indulgences for Pope Leo X and the building of Saint Peters’ cathedral
When a coin in the coffer rings, a soul from purgatory springs!
Johann Tetzel
pretzel
The start of the protestant reformation, when Martin Luther nailed the 95 thesis to the door of the church.
1517
Date for the Battle of Hastings!
1066
Who travelled to the far east during the 1200s?
Marco!
Polo!
Who was the first European to reach the far east by sea?
Vasco De Gama
Who conquered Wales and portions of Scotland?
Edward I
What is a count of people and all of their property?
Census!
Who were the earliest known inhabitants of the british isles?
The Celts
Who was the first Great king of England?
Alfred the great
What is the famous ancient Celtic worship site?
Stonehenge
Who was the first Archbishop of canterbury?
Augustine
What was the nickname of Richard the first and what did he do while he was king?
- Also called Richard the Lionhearted
- Spent most of his reign as king away on crusades
What was the right for a person to have their day in court?
Habeus corpus
Who started the Plantagenet line of kings?
Henry II
Collective name for Germanic tribes that invaded England.
Anglo Saxon
Who were wandering poets?
Scops
Greatest Saxon poem about anglo saxon culture.
Beowulf
Who was sent by Pope Gregory I to convert the Anglo saxons?
And who was he a first of?
- Augustine
- He was the first archbishop of canterbury
When did England accept Catholicism?
664 AD
Invaded England in the 800s and conquered every section but wessex.
The Danes!
Which battle did William the Conqueror defeat harod Godwin in?
The battle of Hastings
Who developed common law and trial by jury?
Henry II
What ended heavy taxation of the Nobles and the church?
The Charter of Liberties
Administrators of finances and judges of revenue matters.
Exchequer
Who was Eleanor of Aquitane and what did she do?
- She was the mother of Richard I
- She took care of the kingdom while Richard I was away on crusades
When did the English Nobles force king John to sign the Magna carta?
1215
AD
A written plan which sets up a form of government and establishes its basic governing principles.
Constitution
Who was the prince of wales?
Llewellyn
Became king after his father but was forced to give his throne to his son, the house of lords and the house of commons developed during his rule.
Edward III
National hero of Scotland!
Sir william Wallace
Peasant girl who led French forces into battle.
Joan of arc.
The main reason for this war was England’s land claims in French territory.
The hundred years war!
Who won the hundred years war? What advantage did they have?
- The French won
- They had gunpowder weapons
Who was the last plantagenet king?
Richard I
During the war of Roses, which family was the white rose? Which family was the red rose? Who eventually won and at which battle?
- York had a white rose
- Lancaster had a red rose
- The Lancasters eventually won at the battle of Bosworth field
Which peninsula do Spain and Portugal share?
The Iberian peninsula
King of Portugal during its greatest days of glory.
John 1
Ancient Roman name for Portugal, foremost nation in the age of exploration.
Lusitania
War led by spanish kingdoms to reconquer the Moors.
Reconquista
Muslims from North Africa who took control of Hispania.
Moors
Who was the builder of the first world empire? What empire was it?
- Nimrod
- Babel
Who was given the title “Defender of the faith” by the pope?
Henry VII
What act attempted to stop the reformation by declaring Henry the head of the Church of England?
Act of supremacy
Who advised the rule of Edward VI when he was a young king?
Thomas Crammer, Nicholas Ridley, Hugh Latimer
Who were French Calvanist Protestants?
Huguenots
An asssembly of religious representatives
Synod
Leaders of the Catholic forces in France
Guise family
Mnm’s
Queen Catherine’s attempt at peace with the Protestants.
Edict of January
Led Protestants in their fight with the Catholics.
Henry of Navarre, Gaspard de Coligny
Advised the rule of Marie de Medicis
Cardinal Richelieu
The date of the defeat of the invincible French armada
1588
“Sea dog”, employed by Elizabeth; first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe.
Sir Francis Drake
Date for the start of the thirty years war
1618
End of the thirty years war
1648
Spanish fleet led by Phillip to invade England in 1588, a storm and excellent strategy by the English navy defeated them.
Invincible armada
Catherine de Medicis’ sons, ruled as kings under her.
F H C
- Francis II
- Charles IX
- Henry III
The murder of 100,000 Protestants through France.
St. Bartholomew’s day massacre
Edict that allowed for more religious freedoms to the French Huguenots.
Edict of Nantes
Attempted to stablize Germany by cutting it into Peices and letting the divided towns choose their religion.
Peace of augsburg
Wife of Henry IV
Marie De Medicis
Ruled after his father Henry IV died, guided by his mother, Marie of Medicis.
Louis XIII
Advisor of the rule of Louis XIII.
Cardinal Richelieu
Italian philosopher who built a telescope to prove the heliocentric theory.
Galileo Galilei
German astronomer who discovered the three laws of planetary motion
Johannes Kepler
Contributed more to the scientific progress of mankind than any other individual
Isaac Newton
Wrote Principia and Opticks
Isaac Newton
Known as the Father of Anatomy
Andreas Vesalius
A work of superior excellence that has stood the test of time
Classic
Formulated the modern scientific method
Francis Bacon
Father of Microbiology
Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
Known as a child prodigy, composed over 600 works
Wolfgang A. Mozart
Wrote Madrigals
Heinrich Schutz
Scientists of the post reformation era
Natural Philosophers
Battle of hastings date
1066
Started Plantagenet line
Henry II
Most hated king of England
King John
Written plan that sets up a form of government
constitution
King when model parliament was created
Edward I
Peasant girl who led the French revolution.
Joan of Arc
Last Plantagenet king
Richard II
Who won the war of roses?
Lancaster house
Established the tudor line of kings
Henry VII
Hugh Capet Crowning date
987
Which king arrested Boniface VIII, started Babylonian captivity of the papacy?
Phillip The Fourth, Phillip the Fair
Peninsula Spain and Portugal share
Iberian
War by Spain that took back their land
Reconquista
Traveled into the far east in the 1200s
Marco polo
First European to reach the far east by sea
Vasco de gama
First great civ of west hemisphere
Mayas
Most imporant civ in S America
Incas
American Empire Conquered by Hernando cortez
Azteks
First Spanish landing in N America, searched for the fountain of youth
Ponce De Leon
First modern explorer to reach North America
John Cabot
October 31, 1517
Putting of the 95 thesis on the Church door.
Edict that declared Marin Luther a heretic
Edict of Wurms
Political divisions of Switzerland
Cantons
Baptism comes after salvation
Anabaptists
Founded the Jesuits
Ignatious Loyola
First foundational civil ordinance
Capital Punishment, death penalty
Augsburg confession
First Protestant confession of faith
Compromise that established state churches in Germany
Peace of Augsburg
Built the first world empire
Nimrod
Focal point of History
Life of Jesus
Led the fight for freedom in netherlands
William the silent
Removed england from the catholic church started the english reformation
Henry VIII
Henry VIII’s Oldest daughter
Mary Tudor: Bloody Mary
Leader of the Protestants in Scotland
John Knox
First Protestant king of Catholic France
Henry 4 of Navarre
Where is Abraham from?
Ur
