World Cities Flashcards
Urbanisation
An increase in proportion of people who live in towns and cities
Urban sprawl
The physical spread of towns and cities into surrounding areas
Millionaire city
A city with over a million people
Mega city
A city with over 10 million people
World city
A city which plays an important role in the global economic system
Suburbanisation
Movement of people from the city centre to the outskirts, or suburbs
Counter-urbanisation
The movement of people from cities to rural-areas
Re-urbanisation
The movement of people back to the city centre
Urbanisation is caused by…
1) rural-urbanisation migration
2) naturally increasing population
Impacts of urbanisation
Not enough houses
Forced to live on streets/ shelters
Migrants build their own homes leading to growth of shanty towns
Competition for jobs in formal sector thus they turn to the informal sector
Congestion on road and railways, air pollution increases
Characteristics of urban decline
Poor quality housing Poor building maintenance Many empty buildings Empty factories High levels of air, noise, land and water pollution High unemployment High crime Depopulation Split families
Causes of urban decline
Political decisions Outmigration of wealthier and more skilled people Lack of past urban planning Concentration of low income Racism and a lack of ethnic segregation
Sustainability
Meeting the needs of people today in a way that doesn’t damage the environment or use up resources, so people can continue to meet their own needs in the future
Gentrification
When wealthy people move into a run down area and regenerate it by improving housing
Property-led regeneration
Building or improving property in an area to change its image and improve the local environment
