workshop2 Flashcards
A comparison of population genetics through history reveals that at one time the north eastern USA cat population had similar allele frequencies to cat populations in Europe. This was most likely due to:
Select one:
a. recent human migration from Europe to USA and people brought their cats with them
b. genetic drift combined with natural selection responding to similar environmental cues
c. the fact that cats around the world all have the same genes and therefore genotypes
d. random genetic events that led to similar Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium values
a. recent human migration from Europe to USA and people brought their cats with them
The evolutionary forces include:
Select one:
a. Natural selection, random mating and no mutations
b. Non-random mating, mutation and gene flow
c. Negative assortative mating and no migration
d. No gene flow, random mating and large populations
b. Non-random mating, mutation and gene flow
Which of the following is commonly used to express an allele frequency?
Select one:
a. q
b. a
c. aa
d. q2
a. q
When calculating alleles frequencies, you divide by the total number of alleles in a population which can be expressed as
Select one:
a. N
b. 2pq
c. p + q
d. 2N
d. 2N
Which of the following is true:
Select one:
a. Cats with the genotype XOY for orange colour are orange females
b. . Cats with the genotype ww for dominant white are not completely white
c. Cats with the genotype Ss for piebald spotting have no white spots
d. Cats with the genotype DD have dilute coloured fur
b. . Cats with the genotype ww for dominant white are not completely white
Which of the following is a form of non-random mating?
Select one:
a. In large populations when the probability of finding a mate is low
b. When populations are so isolated that they have to migrate to find mates.
c. Selfing, such as when plants fertilise themselves with their own pollen.
d. When organisms such as coral release their gametes into the sea
c. Selfing, such as when plants fertilise themselves with their own pollen.
Balancing selection is occurring when
Select one:
a. Natural selection maintains both alleles in the population and favours heterozygotes
b. Some populations fix one allele, and others become fixed for the other
c. Natural selection removes deleterious alleles from the population
d. Gene flow and drift counteract each other as evolutionary forces
a. Natural selection maintains both alleles in the population and favours heterozygotes
Population genetics approaches such as Hardy-Weinberg do NOT work for traits that are
Select one:
a. located on the X chromosome
b. controlled by polygenic traits
c. determined by environmental factors such as diet or exercise
d. known to have more than two alleles per gene
c. determined by environmental factors such as diet or exercise
A population in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium will have
Select one:
a. A higher likelihood of inbreeding depression
b. Stable genotype and allele frequencies over time
c. An ability to evolve rapidly in response to climate change
d. More dominant than recessive alleles in the population
b. Stable genotype and allele frequencies over time
Genetic drift has a larger impact on small populations because
Select one:
a. pollen grains are more likely to miss a small population due to wind changes.
b. migration from small populations is rare due to social factors.
c. natural selection does not work as effectively in small populations.
d. random fluctuations are more likely to make a difference when numbers are small.
d. random fluctuations are more likely to make a difference when numbers are small.
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
Select one:
a. Migration can increase genetic variation within populations.
b. The Hardy-Weinberg law applies to large, stable populations.
c. Non-random mating may alter genotype frequencies in a population over time.
d. Dominant genes always occur more frequently in a population than recessive genes
d. Dominant genes always occur more frequently in a population than recessive genes
When we are looking at the genetics of populations, what does the chi-square statistic tell us?
Select one:
a. the differences between the mean fitness in two populations
b. whether the genotype frequencies in a population differ from Hardy-Weinberg expectations
c. the impact of various evolutionary forces on the population in question
d. the probability that the allele frequencies p and q add up to one as expected
b. whether the genotype frequencies in a population differ from Hardy-Weinberg expectations Correct!
Agouti fur in cats is a trait that is inherited
Select one:
a. As a sex linked dominant, where any individual with the XA allele will have this trait.
b. As a sex linked recessive, so mostly males will have this trait.
c. As an autosomal recessive, so only aa will produce agouti fur.
d. As an autosomal dominant, meaning one A allele will produce agouti fur.
d. As an autosomal dominant, meaning one A allele will produce agouti fur.
The genotype frequency of a recessive sex-linked trait in males (XaY) would be
Select one:
a. q
b. q2
c. 2pq
d. p
a. q
A cat that has the genotype XOXo Select one: a. is an orange male b. is an orange female c. is a calico or tortoiseshell male d. is a calico or tortoiseshell female
d. is a calico or tortoiseshell female
