postprac 1 Flashcards
Which of the following situations is most likely to result in evolution by natural selection?
Select one:
a. An isolated population in a unique but stable environment.
b. A change in an environment that causes a species to go extinct.
c. Noticeable differences between parents and their offspring.
d. Variation among individuals for heritable traits that enhance fitness.
Variation among individuals for heritable traits that enhance fitness
What is the difference between natural selection and evolution?
Select one:
a. The need for evolution causes natural selection to occur.
b. Evolution is a hypothesis and natural selection is a theory.
c. Natural selection changes genes while evolution changes traits.
d. Natural selection is a process that can result in evolution.
d. Natural selection is a process that can result in evolution
The difference in parental investment and sexual activity between males and females is determined primarily by
Select one:
a. the sex drive of the individuals and their attractiveness to the opposite sex
b. the potential reproductive rate and the number of gametes produced
c. the amount of competition required before a successful mating occurs
d. the mating strategy of each individual, which can vary across the population
the potential reproductive rate and the number of gametes produced
he main goal of natural selection is Select one: a. to adapt organisms to changing conditions. b. to facilitate rapid evolution. c. to prevent the extinction of species. d. to create the perfect organism
a. to adapt organisms to changing conditions.
Antibiotics that were used to destroy bacterial infections are not as effective as they were in the past. How can bacterial resistance be explained?
Select one:
a. Hospital practices have reduced the efficacy of antibiotics allowing resistance to develop.
b. Selection by the antibiotics causes resistant strains to have higher fitness .
c. Humans evolved resistance to the bacteria so that the antibiotics effect was weaker.
d. Antibiotics have become weaker over the years due to legislation against certain drugs.
Selection by the antibiotics causes resistant strains to have higher fitness
How has our modern understanding of genetics led to a revision of Darwins ideas?
Select one:
a. No revision was required because evolution is an entirely separate phenomenon from inheritance.
b. Modern explanations of evolution rely on a genetic understanding of how traits are inherited.
c. Darwins ideas about evolution were so clear that his theory has not changed since the publication of On the Origin of Species.
d. Genetics has actually invalidated natural selection as a viable mechanism of evolution since the discovery of DNA and molecular inheritance.
Modern explanations of evolution rely on a genetic understanding of how traits are inherited.
Why are females more particular about the mates they choose than males?
Select one:
a. Because reproduction is more costly for females.
b. Because females cannot raise offspring on their own.
c. Because males are more variable in their sexual signals than females.
d. Because the probability of reproductive success is more variable among males
Because reproduction is more costly for females.
Which of the following is NOT a type of natural selection? Select one: a. artificial selection b. directional selection c. disruptive selection d. sexual selection
a. artificial selection
Some plants are known to have what are called incompatibility alleles which allows the female to reject pollen grains by not allowing them to fertilise their seeds. This is a type of
Select one:
a. sexual selection driven by female choice
b. artificial selection because the process is unnatural
c. disruptive selection because some males are excluded
d. natural selection that reduces fitness by limiting potential mates
sexual selection driven by female choice
The finches on the Galapagos Islands have been used to
Select one:
a. prove that larger beak sizes are always an advantage in nature
b. demonstrate natural selection in action via research conducted in the 1970s
c. support Alfred Russell Wallaces ideas about descent with modification
d. explain evolutionary relationships by demonstrating similarities to English sparrows
b. demonstrate natural selection in action via research conducted in the 1970s
Which of the following is the most accurate description of fitness in evolutionary theory?
Select one:
a. Competitive advantage as measured by a combination of strength, speed and stamina
b. A combination of survival and reproduction as measured by non-heritable trait frequency
c. Mating success as determined by number of matings (males) or eggs laid (females)
d. Reproductive success as measured by the contribution to the gene pool of the next generation
Reproductive success as measured by the contribution to the gene pool of the next generation
Which of the following environmental changes might lead to evolution of the population?
Select one:
a. A shift in rainfall patterns favours a mutation that provides drought resistance.
b. A rise in sea levels creates additional habitat for some tide pool populations.
c. A fungal disease kills all the young trees in a population but the older trees survive.
A shift in rainfall patterns favours a mutation that provides drought resistance.
A new mutation is introduced into a population. Which of the following will NOT occur?
Select one:
a. The mutation is adaptive and natural selection will increase its frequency.
b. The mutation is maladaptive and natural selection will reduce its frequency.
c. Allele frequencies are altered and new genotypes are possible.
d. The mutation can become common in males and remain rare in females.
The mutation can become common in males and remain rare in females.
The modern term for what Charles Darwin referred to as a trait would be Select one: a. genotype b. allele frequency c. absolute fitness d. phenotype
d. phenotype
Which of the following statements is correct?
Select one:
a. Fitness is primarily about how many genes are passed to the next generation
b. Evolution is about the origin of life
c. Natural selection is the only evolutionary mechanism
d. Survival of the fittest means that only the strongest individuals survive
a. Fitness is primarily about how many genes are passed to the next generation
