working memory model Flashcards
who proposed this
Baddeley & Hitch (1974)
what did they say about the msm
too simplistic particularly with regard to short-term memory (STM)
what part do they suggest can be divided into distinct components
stm
what are the 4 components
central executive
phonological loop
visuo spatial sketchpad
episodic buffer
what are the slave systems
the components responsible for temporarily storing and processing different types of information. These slave systems support the central executive,
what components are apart of the slave system
phonological loop
visuo spatial sketchpad
episodic buffer
what is the role of the central executive
processes information from all senses from the environment
problem solving and reasoning
focus attention on the most important tasks that need attending to in the current moment
allocate tasks to the 3 slave systems
The CE coordinates the three other components of the WMM by allocating tasks to the 3 slave systems
what is the CE capacity like
limited capacity and cannot store information
what is the role of the phonological loop
responsible for coordinating auditory information
what is coding in this
acoustic
what 2 sections is this split into
phonological store articulatory process
what is the role of the phonological store
stores spoken words (the inner ear)
what is the role of the articulatory process
stores written words (the inner voice)
whats the capacity
limited- around 2 seconds
what’s the rehearsal process
Words are repeated on a loop as part of maintenance rehearsal (although these are not passed onto LTM as in the multi-store model)
what’s the role of the visuo-spatial sketchpad
responsible for storing visual and/or spatial (physical relationship between things like how close a door is to a chair) information
what 2 parts is this separated into
visual cache
inner scribe
what is the visual cache
this component stores visual data e.g. colour, shape
what is the inner scribe
this component stores the arrangement of objects within the visual field of view
what is the episodic buffer
(added in 2000) – A temporary storage system that integrates information from the phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, and long-term memory, creating a coherent episode or “scene” of what’s happening.
what case study proves this to be correct (think msm)
KF
(Shallice & Warrington, 1970)
what happened in this case study
KF had difficulty with verbal material in STM (e.g., remembering words or numbers), but his memory for visual information (e.g., faces, objects) was largely unaffected
how does this support the wmm
because he was able to remember visual images but unable to remember sounds (acoustic info) suggesting there are at least 2 components within the stm- one for visual info and one for acoustic info
what conclusions can we make from this
provides real-world neurological evidence (clinical evidence) that supports the WMM by showing distinct verbal and visual components in working memory. It challenges earlier models of memory, which viewed STM as a single, undifferentiated system.
