Work & Study Flashcards
any type of work that needs special training or a particular skill, often one that is respected because it involves a high level of education
Profession, SYN. Occupation
حرفه ای که درش کار میکنی
Exp: What’s your Profession?
What’s your Occupation?
the profession concerned with the prevention and treatment of oral disease, including diseases of the teeth and supporting structures and diseases of the soft tissues of the mouth
Dentistry
دندانپزشکی
Exp: I study dentistry in a local University
a person who is given the power to do something instead of another person, or the person whose rank is immediately below that of the leader of an organization
Deputy
قائم مقام ، معاون
Exp: I’d like you to meet Ann Gregory, my deputy
a person whose job is making and repairing wooden objects and structures
Carpenter
نجار
Exp: A self-employed boat repairer and carpenter, he had difficulty getting a mortgage
one item before the last one
The last but one
یکی مونده به آخر
Exp: Marta lives in the last house but one
someone or something is still significant, despite being mentioned last in a list of people or things.
last but not least
آخرین اما نه کم اهمیت ترین
Exp: And last but not least, our stalwart IT staff—this issue never would have been published without them!
a person who welds metal. Welding is the process of joining metal pieces together using intense heat and gas
Welder
جوشکار
Exp: He worked as a welder in a steel factory
a person who provides a spoken or written description and analysis of an event, especially a sports competition, on radio, television, or in newspapers.
Commentator
گوینده ورزشی
Exp: The commentator gave a lively account of the football match
a person who provide commentary in a film or television program or use a specific viewpoint to tell a story.
Narrator
راوی
Exp: The narrator of the novel is a young girl who witnesses a murder.
to persuade/hire someone to work for a company or become a new member of an organization
employ, hire, recruit
استخدام کردن
Exp: He employed himself in writing a novel during the lockdown.
The company is looking to recruit more staff for the new project.
to dismiss someone from a job because they are no longer needed by their employer
fire, lay off, make sb redundant
اخراج کردن
Exp: The company had to make 50 employees redundant due to the economic crisis.
Leave a job and looking for new one
I am between jobs
من بیکارم اما دارم دنبال کار میگردم
a regular payment made by an employer or the government to a person who has retired or stopped working for some reason
Pension
مستمری بازنشستگی
Exp: He is eligible for a full pension after 30 years of service.
Questions about your job
Where do you work?
What do you do?
Who do you work for?
How much do you earn?
What does it involved?
What job benefits/perks do you have?
What job benefits do you have?
I have/enjoy insurance.
I can/am entitled to take three days off every month.
The Company give us bonus at the end of the year.
a period of time that a woman is legally allowed to be absent from work before and after she gives birth.
Maternal Leave
مرخصی زایمان
Exp: She is planning to take six months of maternal leave after her baby is born.
a period of time that a father or a non-birthing parent is legally allowed to be absent from work to look after and bond with their new baby or adoptive child
Paternal Leave
مرخصی پدرشدن
Exp: He enjoyed spending time with his daughter during his paternal leave.
a type of leave that employees can use when they are ill or injured
sick leave
مرخصی استعلاجی
Exp: She used up all her sick leave and had to apply for unpaid leave.
borrow money from a bank or other financial institution, usually for a specific purpose and with an agreement to pay it back with interests
take out a loan
وام گرفتن
Exp: He regretted taking out a loan with such a high interest rate.
an asset that a borrower offers to a lender as a security for a loan.
Collateral
وثیقه
Exp: She used her house as collateral when she took out a loan to start her own business.
a job where there is little or no chance of progressing to a better, more important job
dead-end job
شغل بدون آینده
Exp : He had to take a dead end job at a call center to pay his bills.
a job that shows possibility of favorable development or future success
promising job
شغل آینده دار
Exp: I had to relocate to another city for my promising job as a developer.
a job that requires a lot of time, attention, or energy.
demanding job
کار طاقت فرسا
Exp: She quit her demanding job as a lawyer to spend more time with her family.
a job that does not have a predetermined end date to employment
permanent job
شغل دائمی
Exp: He was looking for a permanent job with more flexibility and work-life balance.
a job that provides a reliable and consistent income, typically with a regular schedule and benefits such as health insurance and paid time off.
Steady Job
شغل ثابت
Exp: I’m grateful for my steady job, but I wish it paid a little more.
assign tasks or duties to someone else, while still retaining overall accountability for the outcome
to delegate responsibility
محول کردن کار
Exp: She was hesitant to delegate responsibility at first, but soon realized that it was necessary for the success of the project.
temporarily take over their duties or responsibilities while they are absent or unable to perform them
filling in for sb
جای کسی را پر کردن
Exp: I’ll be filling in for my colleague while she’s on vacation next week.
a company that is owned or controlled by another company, known as the parent company.
subsidiary of
زیرمجموعه
Exp: The tech company recently acquired a subsidiary that specializes in artificial intelligence.
a person, company, or organization that is in direct competition with another person, company, or organization in the same industry or market
competitor
رقیب
Exp: We need to stay ahead of our competitors by constantly innovating and improving our products.
a local government unit that is responsible for providing services and governing a specific geographic area, such as a city, town, or village
Municipality
شهرداری
Exp: The mayor of the municipality is up for re-election next year.
a person or company that is unable to pay their debts and has been declared legally insolvent.
Bankrupt, n Bankruptcy
ورشکسته شدن
Exp: The family was left bankrupt after a series of medical emergencies drained their savings.
inexperienced or not fully developed
still green
خام و بی تجربه
Exp: He’s still green when it comes to public speaking, but with practice he’ll get better.
take the initiative or make the initial action in a situation, especially in a social or romantic context
make the first move
قدم اول رو برداشتن
Exp: In negotiations, it’s often advantageous to make the first move and propose a deal.
handle or manage a situation, problem, or task
deal with, grapple with
کنار اومدن
Exp: She’s been struggling to deal with the stress of her job lately.
The company is grappling with how to adapt to the changing market conditions.
sth you must do because it is part of your job
duty
وظیفه
Exp: As a parent, it’s my duty to provide for my children and ensure their well-being.
in a position of control over sth/sb
in charge (of sth/sb)
مسئول چیزی بودن
Exp: During my time as a Death Eater, I was often put in charge of carrying out the Dark Lord’s orders
an expression of dissatisfaction or annoyance about something.
Complaint, v complain
شاکی بودن
Exp: The patient made a complaint to the hospital administration about the lack of care they received from a particular nurse.
do work for other people
serve
برای کسی کار کردن
Exp: The waiter will serve you your meal shortly.
choose sb for a job
appoint, n appointment
منصوب کردن
Exp: I was appointed assistant manager of a company in a nearby town.
stay in the same way or place
remain
باقی ماندن
Exp: I thought about leaving but I’ve decided to remain.
treat someone unfairly or differently based on their race, gender, religion, or other personal characteristics.
discriminate
تبعیض قائل شدن
Exp: It is illegal for employers to discriminate against job applicants based on their age, race, or gender.
the principle or reason behind sth
basis
اساس
Exp: on the basis of these statistics important decisions are made
an official document which says you are allowed to work in particular country
work permit
اجازه کار، ویزا کار
Exp: The company sponsored the employee’s work permit so that they could legally work in the country.
good enough for a particular purpose
satisfactory
رضایت بخش
Exp: My boss said my work was satisfactory
to be present at an event, meeting, or class.
attend
مراجعه کردن ، حضور داشتن
Exp: The students are required to attend all of their classes in order to pass the course.
do sth well after trying hard
achieve
به دست آوردن
Exp: she achieved a lot in her life
a lot of different things
variety
متنوع
Exp: she wrote a variety of books
do and complete a task
carry out sth
به انجام رساندن
Exp: It carried out experiments to see if they can discover any signs of life
a thing that you can choose instead of another thing
alternative to sth/sb
جایگزین داشتن
Exp: Is there an alternative to prison for crime?
in the time between two things happening
in the meantime
Exp: They can’t move in yet. In the meantime, they’ll live with Jo’s parents.
taking part in sth; being part of sth
involved (in sth)
مشارکت داشتن
Exp: He’s not involved in marketing now
a situation in which you must have
or do sth
need (for sth)
نیاز
Exp: the prime minister will focus on education and the need for more young people to go to university
arranged or expected
due to do sth
مورد انتظار است که
Exp: The Transport Minister is also due to announce today a new transport policy
make sb think sth or do sth by
giving them good reasons
persuade
متقاعد کردن
Exp: including special measures which aim to persuade drivers to leave their cars at home
suggest sth for discussion
put sth forward
موضوعی را پیش کشیدن
Exp: one of its objectives will be to put forward ideas for new laws
have the power or ability to deal with sth
be in control of sth
تحت کنترل گرفتن
Exp: The Johnson family has effective control of the company
trying to do sth that is difficult
attempt (at sth)
تلاش ، تلاش کردن (برای موارد سخت)
Exp: The first attempt at peace was rejected within days
a contract or decision that two or more people have made together
agreement
توافق
Exp: further talks at reaching an agreement have taken place
continuing for along time
lasting
دوام آوردن
Exp: the two sides are more determined to achieve a lasting peace
say that sth Is true
claim
ادعا کردن یا ادعا داشتن
Exp: Robert Peary claimed he was the first person to reach the North Pole, but later that claim was challenged.
do sth that starts a reaction
set sth off
فعال کردن
Exp: The burglar set off the burglar alarm
like sb and think they have achieved a lot
admire
تحسین کردن
Exp: I really admire the way she brings up those kids all on her own
begin working or make sth begin working
start sth up
روشن کردن
Exp: If your computer does not start up, the first thing is to
check that it is connected to the power supply.
advertising that is sent to people who have not asked for it
junk mail
ایمیل مزاحم
see, speak to or write to sb, often regularly
keep in contact (with sb)
در ارتباط بودن
Exp: It’s a good way of keeping in contact with your friends and family
without delay
instantly. immediately
فورا
Exp: It allows individuals and groups to share instantly
help sell a product or service by advertising it
promote
ترویج کردن
Exp: You can also use Twitter to promote your business.
not right for sb/sth
unsuitable
نامناسب
Exp: Certain films are completely unsuitable for young children to watch
not able to plan well
disorganized
نامنظم
Exp: Does it matter if a lawyer is disorganized?
If handwriting is difficult or impossible to read
illegible
ناخوانا
Exp: Does it matter if a doctor’s handwriting is illegible?
an opinion that you reach after thinking about sth carefully
conclusion
نتیجه گیری
Exp: We reached the conclusion that Ana was lying
a state of not being able to think clearly or not understanding sth
confusion
سرگیجه
Exp: Changing the times of classes caused a lot of confusion amongst the students.
words or actions that give sb hope or confidence
encouragement
تشویق
Exp: My father gave me a lot of encouragement when I was learning to drive
because of sth that happened before
as a result
در نتیجه
Exp: as a result, I overslept this morning and had to take a taxi to the station
used to say one thing is the result of
another
as a consequence
(of sth)
عاقبت
Exp: As a consequence, I’ve spent the whole day in hospital
provided or controlled by the government of a country
state
دولتی
Exp: Both state and private schools are run by a head teacher
the feeling you have when sth unpleasant stops
relief
راحت شدن
Exp: it will be a relief when it’s all over.
sb who teaches and looks after a student or a small group of students in a university
tutor
استاد راهنما
Exp: You can ask your tutor for advice about the essay .
a talk given to a large group to teach them a subject
lecture
ارائه
Exp: I went to an interesting lecture on Italian politics
the process of studying sth again, often to prepare for an exam
revision
دور کردن
Exp: plan your revision period before exams
the total value of goods or services that a company sells in a particular period of time
turnover
حجم معاملات ، بازده
Exp: The company has an annual turnover of $20m.
if a price or amount keeps changing and becoming higher and lower
fluctuate, fluctuation
نوسان کردن
Exp: Mobile phone sales have fluctuated all year.
the mental or physical strength or energy that you need to do sth
effort
تلاش
Exp: The first years require a huge effort
the act of taking control of another business
takeover
به دست گرفتن
Exp: Eventually this growth may result in takeovers of competitors
(of a car or its driver) stop
pull up
توقف کردن
Exp: The driver pulled up in front of the hospital
be expected to do sth or have to do sth
be supposed to do sth
انتظار انجام کاری را داشتن
Exp: I’m supposed to be seeing Jo Woods then, but I think I can postpone that
tell sb that a possible plan will definitely happen
confirm sth (with sb)
نهایی کردن
Exp: I’ll confirm it with you later, but please remind me if I forget.
prepare for sth you want to do in the future
make plans (for sth)
نقشه کشیدن
Exp: Ramiro says you’re making plans for your grandmother’s 90 birthday in July.
have already thought about sth but not yet decided about it
be thinking of/ about doing sth
برنامه داشتن
Exp: Are you thinking of having a party or something else?
plan to do sth / doing sth
intend to do sth / doing sth
در نظر داشتن
Exp: And where do you intend to have it?
be going to do sth very soon
be about to do sth
در شرف انجام کاری بودن
Exp: In fact, I’m about to call them to sort out the arrangements with them.
ask yourself sth or want to know sth
wonder
خواهان دونستن
Exp: I wonder how she’ll react
Yes, I’m sure it will happen.
Definitely
Opp. Definitely not
I think it will probably happen
I think so
opp. I don’t think so/ I doubt it
I want it to happen, but I don’t know if it will
I hope so
opp. I hope not
I think it will happen and I’m unhappy about it.
I’m afraid so
opp. I’m afraid not
I think it will happen, but I cannot be sure
I assume so
I think it will happen, but I’m not completely happy about it.
I suppose so
do what you are told to do
obey
پیروی کردن
Exp: nobody obeyed that rule
tell sb that they must do sth which they do not want to do
make/force sb do sth
اجبار کردن
Exp: The teachers made us work very hard, and we were forced to stay after school
do things in a certain way
behave
رفتار کردن
Exp: One day, I was behaving badly in class
not … and not
neither … nor ..
نه این نه اون
Exp: they are
neither formal nor informal
begin/start (formal)
commence
شروع کردن
Exp: The play will commence in three minutes
move or travel in a
particular direction (formal)
proceed (to/with sth)
تشریف بردن
Exp: Passengers should proceed to Gate 7.
buy (formal)
purchase
خرید کردن
Exp: Only food purchased here may be consumed on the premises
get (formal)
obtain
به دست آوردن
Exp: Tickets can be obtained at the box office
