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FND 210 > Words Not Built From Word Parts (All Weeks) > Flashcards

Words Not Built From Word Parts (All Weeks) Flashcards

1
Q

Abrasion

A

Scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury

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2
Q

Abscess

A

Localized collection of pus

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3
Q

Acne

A

Inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles

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4
Q

Actinic Keratosis

A

Precancerous skin condition of horny tissue formation that results from excessive exposure to sunlight. It may evolve into a squamous cell carcinoma

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5
Q

Albinism

A

Congenital hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment (melanin) in the skin, hair, and eyes

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6
Q

Alopecia

A

Loss of hair

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7
Q

Bacteria

A

Single-celled microorganisms that reproduce by cell division and may cause infection by invading body tissue

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8
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC)

A

Malignant epithelial tumor arising from the bottom layer of the epidermis called the basal layer, it seldom metastasizes, but invades local tissue, and may recur in the same location. Common in individuals who have had excessive sun exposure

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9
Q

Candidiasis

A

Infection of the skin, mouth (also called thrush), or vagina caused by the yeast-type fungus

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10
Q

Carbuncle

A

Infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue composed of a cluster of boils, caused by staphylococcal bacteria

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11
Q

Cauterization

A

Destruction of tissue with a hot or cold instrument, electric current, or caustic substance (cautery)

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12
Q

Cellulitis

A

Inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection; characterized by redness, pain, heat, and swelling

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13
Q

Cicatrix

A

Scar

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14
Q

Contusion

A

Injury with no break in the skin; characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration (bruise)

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15
Q

Cryosurgery

A

Destruction of tissue by using extreme cold, often by using liquid nitrogen

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16
Q

Cyst

A

Closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material

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17
Q

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

A

Herpes-type virus that usually causes disease when the immune system is compromised

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18
Q

Debridement

A

Removal of contaminated or dead tissue and foreign matter from an open wound

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19
Q

Dermabrasion

A

Procedure to remove skin scars with abrasive material, such as sand paper

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20
Q

Diaphoresis

A

Sweating

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21
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Escape of blood into the skin causing a small, flat, purple, or blue discoloration

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22
Q

Eczema

A

Noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching

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23
Q

Edema

A

Puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid

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24
Q

Erythema

A

Redness

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25
Q

Excision

A

Removal by cutting

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26
Q

Fissure

A

Slit or cracklike sore in the skin

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27
Q

Fungus

A

Organism that feeds by absorbing organic molecules from its surroundings and may cause infection by invading body tissue

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28
Q

Furuncle

A

Painful skin nodule caused by staphylococcal bacteria in a hair follicle (boil)

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29
Q

Gangrene

A

Death of a tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion (form of necrosis)

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30
Q

Herpes

A

Inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus characterized by small blisters in clusters

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31
Q

Impetigo

A

Superficial skin infection characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci

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32
Q

Incision

A

Surgical wound or cut produced by a sharp instrument

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33
Q

Incision and Drainage (I&D)

A

Surgical cut made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a lesion, wound, or cavity

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34
Q

Induration

A

Abnormal hard spot(s) or area of skin; may include underlying tissue

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35
Q

Infection

A

Invasion of pathogens in body tissue

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36
Q

Jaundice

A

Condition characterized by a yellow coloring of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclera (icterus)

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37
Q

Kaposi Sarcoma

A

Cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules on the lower extremities that spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs; seen with AIDS

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38
Q

Keloid

A

Overgrowth of scar tissue

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39
Q

Laceration

A

Torn, ragged-edged wound

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40
Q

Laser Surgery

A

Procedure using an instrument that emits a high powered beam of light used to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissue

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41
Q

Lesion

A

Any visible change in tissue resulting from injury or disease, includes sores, wounds, ulcers, and tumors

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42
Q

Leukoplakia

A

Condition characterized by white spots or patches on mucous membrane, which may be precancerous

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43
Q

Macule

A

Flat, colored spot on the skin

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44
Q

Mohs Surgery

A

Technique of microscopically controlled serial excisions of a skin cancer

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45
Q

MRSA Infection

A

Invasion of body tissue by methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, bacteria with a resistance to methicillin and antibiotics. Can produce skin and soft tissue infections and sometimes bloodstream infections and pneumonia

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46
Q

Nevus

A

Circumscribed malformation of the skin, usually brown, black, or flesh colored (mole)

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47
Q

Nodule

A

Small, knotlike mass that can be felt by touch

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48
Q

Pallor

A

Paleness

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49
Q

Papule

A

Small, solid skin elevation

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50
Q

Pediculosis

A

Invasion into the skin and hair by lice

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51
Q

Petechia

A

Pinpoint skin hemorrhage

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52
Q

Pressure Injury

A

Damage of the skin and the subcutaneous tissue caused by prolonged pressure, often occurring in bedridden patients. Can present as intact skin or open ulcer(decubitus ulcer, pressure ulcer, or bedsore)

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53
Q

Pruritus

A

Itching

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54
Q

Psoriasis

A

Chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales

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55
Q

Purpura

A

Small hemorrhages in the skin giving a purple-red discoloration

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56
Q

Pustule

A

Elevation of skin containing pus

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57
Q

Rosacea

A

Chronic disorder of the skin that produces erythema papules, pustules, and abnormal dilation of tiny blood vessels

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58
Q

Scabies

A

Skin infection caused by the itch mite, papule eruptions

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59
Q

Scleroderma

A

Disease characterized by chronic hardening of the connective tissue of the skin and other body organs

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60
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)

A

Malignant growth developing from scalelike epithelial tissue of the surface layer of the epidermis

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61
Q

Suturing

A

To stitch edges of a wound surgically

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62
Q

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

A

Chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system

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63
Q

Tinea

A

Fungal infection of the skin, may infect keratin of the skin, hair, and nails (ringworm = general) (tinea pedis = athlete’s foot)

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64
Q

Ulcer

A

Erosion of the skin or mucous membrane

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65
Q

Urticaria

A

Itchy skin eruption composed of wheals of varying sizes and shapes, sometimes associated with infections and allergic reactions to food, medicine, or other agents (hives)

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66
Q

Verruca

A

Circumscribed cutaneous elevation caused by a virus (wart)

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67
Q

Vesicle

A

Small elevation of the epidermis containing liquid (blister)

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68
Q

Virus

A

Minute microorganism with the ability to replicate only within living host cells, may cause infection by invading body tissue

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69
Q

Vitiligo

A

White patches on the skin caused by the destruction of melanocytes

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70
Q

Wheal

A

Transitory, itchy elevation of the skin with a white center and red surrounding area (hive)

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71
Q

Acid-Fast Bacilli Smear (AFB)

A

Test performed on sputum to determine the presence of acid-fast bacilli, cause tuberculosis

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72
Q

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

A

Respiratory failure as a result of disease or injury, respiratory failure in adults

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73
Q

Adenoids

A

Lymphoid tissue located on the posterior wall of the nasal cavity (pharyngeal tonsils)

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74
Q

Airway

A

Passageway by which air enters and leaves the lungs as well as a mechanical device used to keep the air passageway unobstructed

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75
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs at the end of the bronchioles, where carbon dioxide and oxygen are exchanged

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76
Q

Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs)

A

Test performed on arterial blood to determine levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH

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77
Q

Asphyxia

A

Deprivation of oxygen for tissue use; suffocation

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78
Q

Aspirate

A

To withdraw fluid or suction fluid; also to draw foreign material into the respiratory tract

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79
Q

Asthma

A

Respiratory disease characterized by coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath, caused by constriction and inflammation of airways that is reversible between attacks

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80
Q

Auscultation

A

The act of listening through a stethoscope for sounds within the body which are abnormal and that suggest abnormalities or disease

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81
Q

Bronchioles

A

Smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree

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82
Q

Bronchoconstrictor

A

Agent causing narrowing of the bronchi

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83
Q

Bronchodilator

A

Agent causing the bronchi to widen

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84
Q

Bronchus (bronchi)

A

One of two branches from the trachea that conducts air into the lungs, where it divides and subdivides, branching resembles a tree (bronchial tree)

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85
Q

Chest Computed Tomography (CT) Scan

A

Computerized radiography images of the chest performed to diagnose tumors, abscesses, and pleural effusion

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86
Q

Chest Radiograph (CXR)

A

Radiographic image of the chest performed to evaluate the lungs and the heart (Chest X-ray)

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87
Q

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

A

Progressive lung disease obstructing air flow, makes breathing difficult, most is a result from cigarette smoking

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88
Q

Coccidioidomycosis

A

Fungal disease affecting the lungs and sometimes other organs of the body (Valley Fever)

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89
Q

Crackles

A

Discontinuous sounds heard primarily with a stethoscope during inspiration that resemble the sound of the rustling of cellophane (rales)

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90
Q

Croup

A

Condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx, barking cough, hoarseness, stridor

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91
Q

Cystic Fibrosis (CF)

A

Hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands characterized by excess mucus production in the respiratory tract, pancreatic deficiency

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92
Q

Deviated Septum

A

One part of the nasal cavity is smaller because of malformation or injury of the nasal septum

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93
Q

Diaphragm

A

Muscular partition that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity, aids in breathing process by contraction and pulling air in, then relaxing and pushing air out

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94
Q

Epiglottis

A

Flap of cartilage that automatically covers the opening of the larynx and keeps food from entering the larynx during swallowing

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95
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nosebleed (Rhinorrhagia)

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96
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Ventilation of the lungs beyond normal body needs

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97
Q

Hypoventilation

A

Ventilation of the lungs that does not fulfill the body’s gas exchange needs

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98
Q

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)

A

Chronic progressive lung disorder characterized by increasing scarring, reduces capacity of lungs, lung transplants if severe, no cure

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99
Q

Influenza (Flu)

A

Highly contagious and often severe viral infection of the respiratory tract

100
Q

Larynx

A

Location of the vocal cords. Air enter from the pharynx (voice box)

101
Q

Lung Ventilation/Perfusion Scan (VQ Scan)

A

Two nuclear scan tests, one to measure air flow throughout the lungs, and one to measure circulation to all areas of the lungs

102
Q

Lungs

A

Two spongelike organs in the thoracic cavity. Right lung consists of three lobes and the left consists of two lobes

103
Q

Mediastinum

A

Space between the lungs, contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, great blood vessels, and other structures

104
Q

Mucopurulent

A

Containing both mucus and pus

105
Q

Mucus

A

Slimy fluid secreted by the mucous membranes

106
Q

Nasal Septum

A

Partition separating within the cranial bones that open into the nasal cavities

107
Q

Nebulizer

A

Device that creates a mist used to deliver medication for giving respiratory treatment

108
Q

Nose

A

Lined with mucous membrane and fine hairs; it acts as a filter to moisten and warm the entering air

109
Q

Nosocomial Infection

A

An infection acquired during hospitalization

110
Q

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)

A

Repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep, leads to transient periods of apnea (absence of breathing); can produce daytime drowsiness and elevated blood pressure

111
Q

Paranasal Sinuses

A

Air cavities within the cranial bones that open into the nasal cavities

112
Q

Paroxysm

A

Periodic, sudden attack

113
Q

Patent

A

Open, the opposite of closed or compromised, thus allowing passage of air

114
Q

Peak Flow Meter (PFM)

A

Portable instrument used to measure air flow early in forced exhalation; monitor asthma and adjust medication accordingly

115
Q

Percussion

A

The act of tapping of a body surface to determine the density of the part beneath by the sound obtained

116
Q

Pertussis

A

Highly contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tract characterized by an acute crowing inspiration (whooping cough)

117
Q

Pharynx

A

Serves as a food passageway. Food enters the (throat)

118
Q

Pleura

A

Double-folded serous membrane covering each lung and lining the thoracic cavity with a small space between, pleural cavity, which contains serous fluid

119
Q

Pleural Effusion

A

Fluid in the pleural space caused by a disease process or trauma

120
Q

PPD Skin Test

A

Test performed on individuals who have recently been exposed to tuberculosis (TB skin test)

121
Q

Pulmonary Edema

A

Fluid accumulation in the alveoli and bronchioles, manifestation of heart failure

122
Q

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

A

Matter foreign to the circulation, carried to the pulmonary artery and its branches, blocks circulation to the lungs, can be fatal if of sufficient size or number

123
Q

Pulmonary Emphysema

A

Loss of elasticity of the alveoli resulting in distention causing stretching of the lung, body does not receive enough oxygen

124
Q

Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)

A

Group of tests performed to measure breathing capacity and used to determine external respiratory function

125
Q

Pulse Oximetry

A

Noninvasive method of measuring oxygen in the blood by using a device that attaches to the fingertip

126
Q

Rhonchi

A

Low-pitched, with a snoring quality, breath sounds heard with a stethoscope suggesting secretions in the large airways

127
Q

Sputum

A

Mucous secretion from the lungs, bronchi, and trachea expelled through the mouth

128
Q

Sputum Culture and Sensitivity (C&S)

A

Used to identify the pathogen present and causing the infection, used to identify an antibiotic that will provide the most effective treatment

129
Q

Stethoscope

A

Instrument used to hear internal body sounds; used for performing auscultation and blood pressure measurement

130
Q

Stridor

A

Harsh, high-pitched breath sound heard on inspiration; indicates an acute laryngeal obstruction

131
Q

Thorax

A

Chest, part of the body between the neck and the diaphragm encased by ribs. Thoracic cavity is the hollow space between the neck and diaphragm

132
Q

Tonsils

A

Lymphoid tissue located on the lateral wall at the junction of the oral cavity and oropharynx

133
Q

Trachea

A

Passageway for air to the bronchi from the larynx (windpipe)

134
Q

Tuberculosis (TB)

A

Infectious bacterial disease, commonly spread by inhalation of small particles and usually affecting the lungs, may spread to other organs

135
Q

Upper Respiratory Infection (URI)

A

Infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx, usually caused by a virus (cold)

136
Q

Ventilator

A

Mechanical Device used to assist with or substitute for breathing

137
Q

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

A

blood test that measures the amount of urea in the blood.

138
Q

catheter

A

flexible, tube like device, such as a urinary catheter, for withdrawing or instilling fluids

139
Q

creatinine

A

blood test that measures the amount of creatinine in the blood.

140
Q

distended

A

stretched out

141
Q

electrolytes

A

minerals in the body, such as sodium and potassium that carry an electrolyte charge, electrolyte balance is necessary for the body to function normally and is maintained by the kidneys

142
Q

enuresis

A

involuntary urination

143
Q

episadias

A

congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis

144
Q

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

A

noninvasive surgical procedure to crush stones in the kidney or ureter by administration of repeated shockwaves.

145
Q

fulguration

A

destruction of living tissue with an electric spark

146
Q

hemodialysis

A

procedure for removing impurities from the blood because of an inability of the kidneys to do so

147
Q

hypospadias

A

congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis; a similar defect can occur in the female

148
Q

incontinence

A

inability to control the bladder or bowels

149
Q

KUB (kidney, ureter, and bladder)

A

simple radiographic image of the abdomen. used to view the kidneys, ureters, and bladder to determine, size, shape, and locations.

150
Q

micturate

A

to urinate or avoid

151
Q

nephron

A

urine producing microscopic structure. approx 1 million nephrons are located in each kidney

152
Q

peritoneal dialysis

A

procedure of removing toxic waste when the kidney is unable to do so

153
Q

polycystic kidney disease

A

condition in which the kidney contains many cysts and is enlarged

154
Q

renal calculus

A

stone in the kidney

155
Q

renal failure

A

loss of kidney function resulting in its inability to remove waste products from the body and maintain electrolyte balance

156
Q

renal hypertension

A

elevated blood pressure resulting from kidney disease

157
Q

renal transplant

A

surgical implantation of a donor kidney into patient with inadequate renal function

158
Q

specific gravity

A

test performed on a urine specimen to measure the concentrating or diluting ability of the kidneys

159
Q

stricture

A

abnormal narrowing; such as a urethral stricture

160
Q

urinal

A

receptacle for urine

161
Q

urinalysis

A

examination of urine provides screening for blood, glucose, protein, and other substances in the urine

162
Q

urinary catheterization

A

passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to withdraw urine

163
Q

urinary tension

A

abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder because of an inability to urinate

164
Q

urinary suppression

A

sudden stoppage of urine formation

165
Q

urinary tract infection

A

infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract

166
Q

urodynamics

A

pertaining to the force and flow of urine within the urinary tract

167
Q

void

A

to empty or evacuate waste material, especially urine

168
Q

ERECTILE DSYFUNCTION (ED)

A

THE INABILITY OF THE MAL TO ATTAIN OR MAINTAIN AN ERECTION SUFFICIENT TO PERFROM SEXUAL INTERCOURSE (IMPOTENCE)

169
Q

HYDROCELE

A

FLUID FILLED SAC AROUND THE TESTICLE; CAUSES SCROTAL SWELLING

170
Q

PHIMOSIS

A

A TIGHTNESS OF THE PREPUCE (FORESKIN OF THE PENIS) THAT PREVENTS ITS RETRACTOIN OVER THE GLANS PENIS; IT MAY BE CONGENITAL OR A RESULT OF BALANITIS. CIRCUMCISION IS THE USUAL TREATMENT

171
Q

PRIAPISM

A

PERSISTENT ABNORMAL ERECTION OF THE PENIS ACCOMPANIED BY PAIN AND TENDERNESS

172
Q

PROSTATE CANCER

A

CANCER OF THE PROSTATE GLAND, USUALLY OCCURING IN MEN MIDDLE AGED AND OLDER

173
Q

SPERMATOCELE

A

DISTENTION OF THE EPIDIDYMIS CONTAINING AN ABNORMAL CYST-LIKE COLLECTION OF FLUID AND SPERM CELLS; MAY CAUSE SCROTAL SWELLING

174
Q

TESTICULAR CANCER

A

CANCER OF THE TESTICLE, USUALLY OCCURING IN MEN 15 TO 35 YEARS OR AGE

175
Q

TESTICULAR TORSION

A

TWISTING OF THE SPERMATIC CORD CAUSING DECREASED BLOOD FLOW TO THE TESTIS; OCCURS MOST OFTEN DURING PUBERTY AND OFTEN PRESENT WITH A SUDDEN ONSET OF SEVERE TESTICULAR OR SCROTAL PAIN. BECAUSE OF LACK OF BLOOD FLOW TO THE TESTIS, IT IS CONSIDERED A SURGICAL EMERGENCY

176
Q

VARICOCELE

A

ENLARGED VEINS OF THE SPERMATIC CORD; MAY CAUSE SCROTAL SWELLING

177
Q

ABLATION

A

DESTRUCTION OF ABNORMAL OR EXCESSIVE TISSUE BY MELTING, VAPORIZING OR ERODING

178
Q

CIRCUMCISION

A

SURGICAL REMOVAL OF THE PREPUCE (FORESKIN); ALL OR PART OF THE FORESKIN MAY BE REMOVED

179
Q

ENUCLEATION

A

EXCISION OF A WHOLE ORGAN OR MASS WITHOUT CUTTING INTO IT

180
Q

HYDROCELECTOMY

A

SURGICAL REMOVAL OF A FLUID-FILLED SAC AROUND THE TESTICLE CAUSING SCROTAL SWELLING (HYDROCELE)

181
Q

LASER SURGERY

A

USE OF A FOCUSED BEAM OF LIGHT TO EXCISE OR VAPORIZE ABNORMAL TISSUE AND TO CONTROL BLEEDING; USES A VARIETY OF NON-INVASIVE AND MINIMALLY INVASIVE PROCEDURES. TWO COMMON TYPES TYPES OF LASER SURGERY USED TO TREAT BPH ARE HOLMIUM LASER ENUCLEATION OF THE PROSTATE GLAND (HOLEP) AND PHOTOSELECTIVE VAPORIZATION OF THE PROSTATE GLAND (PVP)

182
Q

MORCELLATION

A

CUTTING AND GRINDING SOLID TISSUE INTO SMALLED PIECES FOR REMOVAL

183
Q

MRI ULTRASOUND FUSION BIOPSY

A

COMBINATION OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING WITH TRANSRECTAL ULTRASOUND (TRUS) TO OBTAIN A TISSUE FROM A PROSTATE LESION. (aka: MRI-TRUS fusion, MR-ultrasound fusion, and fusion guided biopsy)

184
Q

ROBOTIC SURGERY

A

USE OF SMALL SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS ATTACHED TO A COMPUTER AND OPERATED BY THE SURGEON FROM A CONSOLE SEVERAL FEET FROM THE OPERATING TABLE

185
Q

TRANSURETHRAL INCISION OF THE PROSTATE GLAND (TUIP)

A

SURGICAL PROCEDURE THAT WIDENS THE URETHRA BY MAKING A FEW SMALL INCISIONS IN THE BLADDER NECK AND PROSTATE GLAND. NO PROSTATE TISSUE IS REMOVED.

186
Q

TRANSURETHRAL MICROWAVE THERMOTHERAPY (TUMT)

A

TREATMENT PROCEDURE THE ELIMINATES EXCESS TISSUE PRESENT IN BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA BY USING HEAT GENERATED BY MICROWAVE

187
Q

TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF THE PROSTATE GLAND (TURP)

A

SURGICAL REMOVAL OF PIECES OF THE PROSTATE GLAND TISSUE BY USING AN INSTRUMENT INSERTED THROUGH THE URETHRA. THE CAPSULE IS LEFT INTACT; USUALLY PERFORMED WHEN THE ENLARGED PROSTATE GLAND INTERFERES WITH URINATION

188
Q

MULTIPARAMETRIC MRI

A

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGIN PROCEDURE PROVIDING INFORMATION OF ANATOMIC STRUCTURE AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR THE STAGING OF PROSTATE CANCER. IT USES A COMBINATION OF DIFFERENT MRI MODALITIES TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE SIZE AND EXTENT OF PROSTATE TUMORS

189
Q

TRANSRECTAL ULTRASOUND (TRUS)

A

ULTRASOUND PROCEDURE USED TO DIAGNOSE PROSTATE CANCER. SOUND WAVES ARE SENT AND RECEIVED BY A TRANSDUCER PROBE THAT IS PLACED INTO THE RECTUM

190
Q

PROSTATE- SPECIFIC ANTIGEN (PSA)

A

BLOOD TEST THAT MEASURES THE LEVEL OF PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN IN THE BLOOD. ELEVATED TEST RESULTS MAY INDICATE THE PRESENCE OF PROSTATE CANCER, URINARY OR PROSTATIC INFECTION, OR EXCESS PROSTATE TISSUE, AS FOUND IN BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA OR PROSTATITIS

191
Q

SEMEN ANALYSIS

A

MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION OF EJACULATED SEMEN, REVEALING THE SIZE, STRUCTURE, AND MOVEMENT OF SPERM; USED TO EVALUATE MALE INFERTILITY AND TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A VASECTOMY (ALSO CALLED SPERM COUNT AND SPERM TEST)

192
Q

DIGITAL RECTAL EXAMINATION (DRE)

A

PYSICAL EXAMINATION IN WHICH THE HEALTHCARE PROVIDER INSERTS A GLOVED FINGER INTO THE RECTUM AND PALPATES THE PROSTAE THROUGH THE RECTAL WALL TO DETERMINE THE SIZE, SHAPE AND CONSISTENCY OF THE GLAND; USED TO SCREEN FOR BPH AND PROSTATE CANCER. BPH USUALLY PRESENTS AS A UNIFORM, NONTENDER ENLARGEMENT, WHEREAS CANCER USUALLY PRESENT A STONY HARD NODULE.

193
Q

ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS)

A

ADVANCED, CHRONIC IMMUNE SYSTEM SUPPRESSION CAUSED BY HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) INFECTIONS, (SUCH AS CANDIDIASIS AND TUBERCULOSIS), NEUROLOGIC DISEASE (PERIPHERAL NEURPATHY AND COGNTIIVE MOTOR IMPAIRMENT) AND SECONDARY NEOPLASMS (KAPOSI SARCOME)

194
Q

ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION

A

INTRODUCTION OF WASHED AND CONCENTRATED SPERM INTO THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT; USED A S TREATMENT FOR INFERTILITY

195
Q

AZOOSPERMIA

A

LACK OF LIVE SPERM IN THE SEMEN

196
Q

CHLAMYDIA

A

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED, CAUSED BY THE BACTERIUM C. TRACHOMATIS; SOMETIMES REFERRED TO AS A SILET STD BECAUSE MANY PEOPLE ARE NOT AWARE THEY HAVE THE DISEASE

197
Q

COITUS

A

SEXUAL INTERCOURSE BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE

198
Q

CONDOM

A

COVER FOR THE PENIS WORN DURING COITUS TO PREVENT CONCEPTION AND THE SPREAD OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE

199
Q

EJACULATION

A

EJECTION OF SEMEN FROM THE MALE URETHRA

200
Q

GENITAL HERPES

A

SEXAULLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE CAUSED BY HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2

201
Q

GONORRHEA

A

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE CAUSE BY A BACTERIAL ORGANISM THAT INFLAMES THE MUCOUS MEMBRANES OF GENITOURINARY TRACT

202
Q

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV)

A

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE CAUSED BY A RETROVIRUS THAT INFECTS T-HELPER CELLS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM; MAY ALSO BE ACQUIRED IN UTERO OR TRANSMITTED THROUGH INFECTED BLOOD VIA NEEDLE SHARING.

203
Q

HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV)

A

SEXUALLY TRANSMITED DISEASED CAUSED BY VIRAL INFECTION; THERE ARE MORE THAN 40 TYPES OF HPV THAT CAUSE BENIGN OR CANCEROUS GROWTHS IN MALE AND FEMALE GENITALS (genital warts)

204
Q

INFERTILITY

A

REDUCED OR ABSENT ABILITY TO ACHIEVE PREGNANCY; GENERALLY DEFINED AFTER ONE YEAR OF FREQUENT, UNPROTECTED COITUS; MAY RELATE TO MALE OR FEMALE

205
Q

ORGASM

A

CLIMAX OF SEXUAL STIMULATION

206
Q

PUBERTY

A

PERIOD WHEN SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS (SUCH AS PUBIC AND ARMPIT HAIR, DEEPENING OF VOICE IN MEN, BREAST DEVELOPMENT IN WOMEN, ETC.) DEVELOP AND THE ABILITY TO REPRODUCE SEXUALLY BEGINS

207
Q

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE

A

INFECTION SPREAD THROUGH SEXUAL CONTACT. CAUSE DAMAGE TO REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS AND POTENTIALLY SERIOUS HEALTH CONSEQUENCES IF LEFT UNTREATED(ALSO VENEREAL DISEASE)

208
Q

STERILIZATION

A

PROCEDURE THAT PREVENTS PREGNANCY, EITHER THE ABILITY OF THE FEMALE TO CONCEIVE OR THE MALE TO INDUCE COMPETITION

209
Q

SYPHILIS

A

INFECTION CAUSED BY THE BACTERIUM TREPONEMA PALLIDUM. RAPIDLY SPREADS THROUGHOUT THE BODY, AND IF UNTREATED BECOMES SYSTEMIC AND CAN PROGRESS THROUGH 3 STAGES BY LATENT PERIODS. USUALLY SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED, BUT MAY BE ACQUIRED IN UTERO AND BY DIRECT CONTACT WITH INFECTED SKIN

210
Q

TRICHOMONIASIS

A

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE CAUSED BY A ONE CELL ORGANISM TRICHOMONAS. IT INFECTS THE GENITOURINARY TRACT. MEN MAY BE ASYMPTOMATIC OR MAY DEVELOP URETHRITIS, AN ENLARGED PROSTATE GLAND, OR EPIDIDYMITIS. WOMEN MAY HAVE VAGINAL ITCHING, DYSURIA, AND VAGINAL OR URETHRAL DISCHARGE

211
Q

adenomyosis

A

growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus

212
Q

breast cancer

A

malignant tumor of the breast

213
Q

cervical cancer

A

malignant tumor of the cervix, which progresses from cervical dysplasia to carcinoma. Its cause links to HPV infection

214
Q

endometrial cancer

A

malignant tumor of the endometrium (also called uterine cancer)

215
Q

fibrocystic breast changes (FCC)

A

fibrosis, benign cysts and pain or tenderness in one or both breasts; thought to be caused by monthly hormonal changes (also called fibrocystic breasts; formerly called fibrocystic breast disease)

216
Q

ovarian cancer

A

malignant tumor of the ovary

217
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

A

inflammation of some or all of the female pelvic organs; can be caused by many different pathogens. If untreated, the infection may spread upward from the vagina involving the uterus, uterine tubes, ovaries and other pelvic organs. An ascending infection may result in infertility and, in acute cases, fatal septicemia

218
Q

polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

A

condition typically characterized by hormonal imbalances, ovulatory dysfunction and multiple ovarian cysts; symptoms can include irregular menstruation, acne, excess facial and body hair and infertility. People with this condition have increased risks of cardiovascular disease, obesity and glucose intolerance

219
Q

toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

A

severe illness characterized by high fever, rash, vomiting, diarrhea and myalgia, followed by hypotension and in severe cases, shock and death; usually affects menstruating women using tampons. Caused by STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS and STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES

220
Q

uterine fibroid

A

benign tumor of the uterine muscle (also called myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma)

221
Q

uterine prolapse

A

downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina

222
Q

vesicovaginal fistula

A

abnormal opening between the vagina and the urinary bladder

223
Q

anterior & posterior colporrhaphy (A&P repair)

A

surgical repair of a weakened vaginal wall to correct a cystocele (protrusion of the bladder against the anterior wall of the vagina) and a rectocele (protrusion of the rectum against the posterior wall of the vagina)

224
Q

conization

A

surgical removal of a cone-shaped area of the cervix; used in the treatment of noninvasive cervical cancer. Types include loop electrosurgical excision (LEEP), cryosurgery (cold knife conization) and laser ablation (also called biopsy)

225
Q

dilation and curettage (D&C)

A

surgical procedure to widen the cervix and remove contents from the uterus using a curette, an instrument for scraping or suctioning; the procedure can be diagnostic or therapeutic

226
Q

endometrial ablation

A

procedure to destroy or remove the endometrium by use of laser, electrical or thermal energy; used to treat abnormal uterine bleeding

227
Q

laparoscopy

A

visual examination of the abdominopelvic cavity, accomplished by inserting a laparoscope through a tiny incision near the umbilicus. Numerous female reproductive system surgeries are performed with this technique (also called laparoscopic surgery)

228
Q

myomectomy

A

excision of a uterine fibroid

229
Q

sentinel lymph node biopsy

A

injection of blue dye and/or radioactive isotope used to identify the sentinel lymph node(s), the first in the axillary chain and most likely to contain metastasis of breast cancer. The nodes are removed and microscopically examined. If the nodes closest to the cancer (called “sentinel nodes”) are negative additional nodes are not removed

230
Q

stereotactic breast biopsy

A

technique that combines mammography and computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion

231
Q

tubal ligation

A

surgical closure of the uterine tubes for sterilization; tubes may be cut and tied (ligated), cut and cauterized, or closed off with a clip, clamp, ring or band (also called tubal sterilization and female surgical sterilization)

232
Q

uterine artery embolization (UAE)

A

placement of small gelatin beads into the uterine arteries to stop blood flow supplying uterine fibroids or to stop severe hemorrhage after childbirth; performed by an interventional radiologist (also called uterine fibroid embolization when used to treat uterine fibroids)

233
Q

transvaginal sonography (TVS)

A

ultrasound procedure that uses a transducer placed in the vagina to obtain images of the ovaries, uterus, cervix, uterine tubes and surrounding structures; used to diagnose masses such as ovarian cysts or tumors, to monitor pregnancy and to evaluate ovulation for the treatment of infertility

234
Q

CA-125 test

A

blood test primarily used to monitor treatment for ovarian cancer and to detect recurrence once treatment is complete. A protein that is found on the surface of most ovarian cancer cells is released into the bloodstream. Elevated amounts in the blood may indicate the presence of ovarian cancer

235
Q

Pap test

A

cytological study of cervical and vaginal secretions to detect abnormal and cancerous cells; primarily used for cervical cancer screening (also called Papanicolaou test; formerly call Pap smear)

236
Q

anovulation

A

absence of ovulation

237
Q

contraception

A

intentional prevention of conception

238
Q

dyspareunia

A

difficult or painful intercourse

239
Q

fistula

A

abnormal passageway between two organs or between an internal organ and the body surface

240
Q

hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

A

replacement of hormones, estrogen and progesterone to treat symptoms associated with menopause

241
Q

menopause

A

cessation of menstruation, usually around the ages of 48 to 53 years; may be induced at an earlier age surgically (bilateral oophorectomy) or medically (side effect of chemotherapy treatment)

242
Q

oligoovulation

A

infrequent ovulation

243
Q

ovulation

A

release of an ovum from a mature graafian follicle

244
Q

premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

A

syndrome involving physical and emotional symptoms occurring up to 10 days before menstruation. Symptoms include nervous tension, irritability, mastalgia, edema and headache

245
Q

prolapse

A

displacement of an organ or anatomic structure from its normal position (also called ptosis)

246
Q

speculum

A

instrument for opening a body cavity to allow visual inspection

247
Q

rectouterine pouch

A

an extension of the peritoneal cavity between the rectum and back wall of the uterus

FND 210 (18 decks)

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