Week 6: Urinary System Flashcards
ARF
acute renal failure
blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
blood test that measures the amount of urea in the blood.
BUN
blood urea nitrogen
cath
catheterization, catheter
catheter
flexible, tube like device, such as a urinary catheter, for withdrawing or instilling fluids
CKD
chronic kidney disease
creatinine
blood test that measures the amount of creatinine in the blood.
distended
stretched out
electrolytes
minerals in the body, such as sodium and potassium that carry an electrolyte charge, electrolyte balance is necessary for the body to function normally and is maintained by the kidneys
enuresis
involuntary urination
episadias
congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the upper surface of the penis
ESRD
end stage renal disease
ESWL
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
noninvasive surgical procedure to crush stones in the kidney or ureter by administration of repeated shockwaves.
fulguration
destruction of living tissue with an electric spark
glomerulus
cluster of capillaries at the entrance of the nephron. the process of filtering the blood, thereby forming urine, begins here
gross
be seen with naked eye
HD
hemodialysis
hemodialysis
procedure for removing impurities from the blood because of an inability of the kidneys to do so
hilum
indentation on the medial side of the kidney where the renal artery, vein, and pelvis are located and the ureter leaves the kidney
hypospadias
congenital defect in which the urinary meatus is located on the underside of the penis; a similar defect can occur in the female
incontinence
inability to control the bladder or bowels
kidneys
two bean shaped organs located on each side of the vertebral column on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity behind the parietal peritoneum. They remove waste products from the blood and to aid in maintaining water and electrolyte balances.
KUB (kidney, ureter, and bladder)
simple radiographic image of the abdomen. used to view the kidneys, ureters, and bladder to determine, size, shape, and locations.
microscopic
seen only with a microscope
micturate
to urinate or avoid
nephron
urine producing microscopic structure. approx 1 million nephrons are located in each kidney
OAB
overactive bladder
peritoneal dialysis
procedure of removing toxic waste when the kidney is unable to do so
polycystic kidney disease
condition in which the kidney contains many cysts and is enlarged
renal calculus
stone in the kidney
renal failure
loss of kidney function resulting in its inability to remove waste products from the body and maintain electrolyte balance
renal hypertension
elevated blood pressure resulting from kidney disease
renal pelvis
funnel shaped reservoir that collects the urine and passes to the ureter
renal transplant
surgical implantation of a donor kidney into patient with inadequate renal function
SG
specific gravity
specific gravity
test performed on a urine specimen to measure the concentrating or diluting ability of the kidneys
stricture
abnormal narrowing; such as a urethral stricture
UA
urinarlysis
ureters
two slender tubes, approx 10-13 inches long, that receive the urine from the kidney and carry it to the posterior portion of the baldder
urethra
lowest part of the urinary tract, through which the urine passes from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
urinal
receptacle for urine
urinalysis
examination of urine provides screening for blood, glucose, protein, and other substances in the urine
urinary bladder
muscular, hollow organ that temporarily holds the urine. As it fills, the thick, muscular wall becomes thinner, and the organ increases in size.
urinary catheterization
passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to withdraw urine
urinary tension
abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder because of an inability to urinate
urinary meatus
opening through which the urine passes to the outside
urinary suppression
sudden stoppage of urine formation
urinary tract infection
infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract
urodynamics
pertaining to the force and flow of urine within the urinary tract
UTI
urinary tract infection
VCUG
voiding cystourethrogram
void
to empty or evacuate waste material, especially urine
IVP
intravenous pyelogram
IVU
intravenous urogram
