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G-MUSC > Words > Flashcards

Words Flashcards

1
Q

Disjunct

A

A melody which moves in leaps, using larger intervals than a 2nd.

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2
Q

Conjunct

A

A melody that moves by step.

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3
Q

Atonal

A

melodies are not based on any key or tonal centre

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4
Q

Phrases

A

Phrases are the musical version of sentences. They end with different types of cadance - like commas or full stops.

Phrases can be different lengths, depending on the piece of music.

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5
Q

Imitation

A

Where one musical part copies another.

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6
Q

Ornaments

A

Notes added to decorate a melody.

Mordents, trills and turns

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7
Q

Articulation

A

How notes are performed; whether they are smooth or short, accented or not

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8
Q

Cadence

A

A two-chord progression that ends a phrase or section

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9
Q

Chord

A

Two or more notes played together

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10
Q

Composer

A

Person who wrote the music

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11
Q

Dynamics

A

How loud or soft the music is

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12
Q

Harmony

A

A progression of chords often to accompany a melody

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13
Q

Interval

A

The distance between two notes

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14
Q

Key

A

The scale that a section or piece of music is based on.

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15
Q

Melody

A

A tune

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16
Q

Metre

A

A pattern of beats often indicated by a time signature

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17
Q

Modulation

A

How music moves from one key (scale) to another

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18
Q

Ornament

A

A musical decoration

Trills, turns, mordents

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19
Q

Range

A

The interval between the highest and lowest notes of a melody or a whole piece or a section.

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20
Q

Rhythm

A

The combination of notes of different length

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21
Q

Structure

A

How the music is organised into sections

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22
Q

Tempo

A

How fast or slow the music is

23
Q

Texture

A

How various parts or layers are combined together to create a musical effect.

24
Q

Timbre

A

The tone quality or specific sound that an instrument or combination of instruments make

25
Q

Tonality

A

Major, minor, chromatic or without a clear key (atonal).

26
Q

Legato

A

Smooth notes that flow from one to another

27
Q

Staccato

A

Short notes that are detached from one another

28
Q

Accent

A

Emphasis on a note or chord to be played louder or more forceful so that it is heard really clearly.

Can also be called sforzando

29
Q

Perfect cadence

A

Chord V –> chord I

Makes music sound complete. It can end a phrase, section or a complete piece.

30
Q

Plagal cadence

A

Chord IV –> chord I

Sounds complete, often used at the end of church music or hymns on the word ‘Amen’.

31
Q

Imperfect cadence

A

Always ends with chord V

First chord can be I, II, or IV.

32
Q

Interrupted cadence

A

Chord V –> chord VI

Unexpected, as if the cadence has been ‘interrupted’.

33
Q

Notes of scales

A 
I - Tonic
II - Supertonic
III - Mediant
IV - Subdominant 
V - Dominant
VI - Submediant
VII - Leading note
34
Q

Block chords

A

Where all the notes sound together

35
Q

Broken/ arpeggiated chords

A

Where the notes of a chords sound one at a time

36
Q

Dissonance

A

Where the notes in a chord clash

37
Q

Chromatic

A

Here some of the notes in chord progressions move chromatically (in semitones)

38
Q

Primary Chords

A

I, IV and V

Most commonly used chords

39
Q

Rich

A

Where the harmony sounds romantic or luscious

40
Q

Repetition

A

Where the parts of the melody repeat

perhaps at the beginning of two phrases.

41
Q

Sequence

A

Short pattern of notes in melody that is immediately repeated at a different pitch. Often a note higher or lower.

42
Q

Countermelody

A

Another melody is played at the same time as the main melody; this is often above the main melody but it doesn’t have to be.

43
Q

Trill

A

Where two notes that are next to one another alternate really quickly

44
Q

Mordent

A

Where there is just one quick alternation of notes that are next to one another

Mini trill

45
Q

Turn

A

Notes literally turn around the main note very quickly

46
Q

Pedal note

A

Lowest note in a phrase

Originates from organ

47
Q

Tonic

A

First note of a key

Tonic –> supertonic –> mediant –> subdominant –> dominant

48
Q

Dominant

A

5th note/chord

Tonic –> supertonic –> mediant –> subdominant –> dominant

49
Q

Falsetto

A

High pitch voice, usually male, where it usually breaks so it sounds soft

50
Q

Vibrato

A

a rapid slight variation in pitch, vibrating of note

51
Q

Ostinato

A

Commonly repeated phrase

52
Q

Relative minor

A

2 notes back

Relative minor of G = e minor

53
Q

Grave

A

Very slow tempo 40 or less bpm, made for funeral music and such

G-MUSC (5 decks)

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