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Medical Terminology Ch.6 > Word then Definition > Flashcards

Word then Definition Flashcards

1
Q

Anorexia

A

Lack or loss of appetite, resulting in the inability to eat.

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2
Q

Appendicitis

A

Inflammation of the appendix, usually due to an obstruction or infection.

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3
Q

Ascites

A

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen.

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4
Q

Borborgymus

A

Rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance and caused by passage of gas through the liquid contents of the intestine.

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5
Q

Cachexia

A

Physical wasting that includes loss of weight and muscle mass; commonly associated with AIDS and cancer.

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6
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

Presence or formation of gallstones in the gallbladder or common bile duct.

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7
Q

Cirrhosis

A

Scarring and dysfunction of the liver caused by chronic liver disease.

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8
Q

Colic

A

Spasm in any hollow or tubular soft organ especially in the colon, accompanied by pain.

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9
Q

Crohn disease

A

Chronic inflammation, usually of the ileum, but possibly affecting any portion of the intestinal tract; also called regional enteritis.

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10
Q

Deglutition

A

Act of swallowing.

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11
Q

Dysentery

A

Inflammation of the intestine, especially the colon, that may be caused by ingesting water or food containing chemical irritants, bacteria, protozoa, or parasites, which results in bloody diarrhea.

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12
Q

Dyspepsia

A

Epigastric discomfort felt after eating; also called indigestion.

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13
Q

Dysphagia

A

Inability or difficulty in swallowing; also called aphagia.

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14
Q

Eructation

A

Producing gas from the stomach, usually with a characteristic sound; also called belching.

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15
Q

Fecalith

A

Fecal concretion

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16
Q

Flatus

A

Gas in the GI tract; expelling of air from a body orifice, especially the anus.

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17
Q

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

A

Backflow of gastric contents into the esophagus due to a malfunction of the sphincter muscle at the inferior portion of the esophagus.

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18
Q

Halitosis

A

Offensive or “bad” breath

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19
Q

Hematemesis

A

Vomiting of blood from bleeding in the stomach or esophagus.

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20
Q

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

A

Symptom complex marked by abdominal pain and altered bowel function (typically constipation, diarrhea, or alternation of the two) for which no organic cause can be determined; also called spastic colon.

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21
Q

Malabsorption syndrome

A

Symptom complex of the small intestine characterized by the impaired passage of nutrients, minerals, or fluids through intestinal villi into the blood or lymph.

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22
Q

Melena

A

Passage of dark-colored, tarry stools, due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices.

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23
Q

Obesity

A

Excessive accumulation of fat that exceeds the body’s skeletal and physical standards, usually an increase of 20 percent or more above ideal body weight.

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24
Q

Morbid obesity

A

Body mass index (BMI) of 40 or greater, which is generally 100 or more pounds over ideal body weight.

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25
Q

Obstipation

A

Severe constipation; may be caused by an intestinal obstruction.

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26
Q

Oral leukoplakia

A

Formation of white spots or patches on the mucous membrane of the tongue, lips, or cheek caused primarily by irritation.

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27
Q

Peristalsis

A

Progressive, wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body, especially the GI tract.

28
Q

Pyloric stenosis

A

Stricture or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter at the outlet of the stomach, causing an obstruction that blocks the flow of food into the small intestine.

29
Q

Regurgitation

A

Backward flowing, as in the return of solids of fluids to the mouth from the stomach.

30
Q

Steatorrhea

A

Passage of fat in large amounts in the feces due to failure to digest and absorb it.

31
Q

Gingivectomy

A

Excision of diseased gingival tissue.

32
Q

Glossectomy

A

Removal of all or part of the tongue.

33
Q

Esophagoplasty

A

Repair of the esophagus.

34
Q

Gastrectomy

A

Removal of all or part of the stomach.

35
Q

Gastrojejunostomy

A

Forming an opening between the stomach and jejunum.

36
Q

Esophagectomy

A

Excision of part of the esophagus.

37
Q

Gastroenterocolostomy

A

Forming an opening between the stomach, small intestine, and colon.

38
Q

Enteroplasty

A

Surgical repair of the small intestine.

39
Q

Enteropexy

A

FIxation of the small intestine to the abdominal wall.

40
Q

Choledochorrhaphy

A

Suture of the bile duct.

41
Q

Colostomy

A

Forming an opening into the colon.

42
Q

Hepatopexy

A

Fixation of a movable liver to the abdominal wall.

43
Q

Proctoplasty, rectoplasty

A

Surgical repair of the anus or rectum

44
Q

Cholecystectomy

A

Removal of the gallbladder.

45
Q

Choledochoplasty

A

Surgical repair of the bile duct.

46
Q

Lesion

A

Open sore.

47
Q

PTHC

A

Percutaneous transhepatic radiographic examination of bile ducts.

48
Q

Bilirubin

A

Breakdown product of hemoglobin, excreted as bile.

49
Q

Emetics

A

Agents that produce vomiting.

50
Q

Antispasmodics

A

Agents that alleviate muscle spasms.

51
Q

Lower GI series

A

Administration of barium enema while a series of radiographs are taken of the large intestine.

52
Q

Gastroscopy

A

Visual examination of the stomach.

53
Q

Stomatoplasty

A

Surgical reconstruction of the mouth.

54
Q

Intubation

A

Insertion of a tube into any hollow organ.

55
Q

Anastomosis

A

Surgical formation of a passage or opening between two hollow viscera or vessels.

56
Q

Stool guaiac

A

Detects presence of blood in the feces; also called hemoccult.

57
Q

Endoscopy

A

Visual examination of a cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument.

58
Q

Laxatives

A

Agents used to treat constipation.

59
Q

Antacids

A

Neutralize excess acid in the stomach and help to relieve gastritis and ulcer pain.

60
Q

Ultrasonography

A

Procedure in which high-frequency sound waves produce images of internal body structures that are displayed on a monitor.

61
Q

Liver function tests

A

Measures the levels of certain enzymes, bilirubin, and various proteins.

62
Q

Bariatric surgery

A

Surgery that treats morbid obesity.

63
Q

STAT

A

Immediately

64
Q

Proctosigmoidoscopy

A

Endoscopic procedure for visualization of the rectosigmoid colon.

65
Q

Upper GI series

A

Barium solution swallowed for radiographic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum.

Medical Terminology Ch.6 (2 decks)

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