Word parts chapter 12 Flashcards
ACTH
adrenocorticotropic hormone
ADH
antidiuretic hormone
BS
blood sugar
Ca
calcium
CDE
certified diabetes educator
CRH
corticotropin-releasing hormone
DI
diabetes insipidus
DKA
diabetic ketoacidosis
FBS
fasting blood sugar
FSH
follicle-stimulating hormone
GH
growth hormone
GHIH
growth-hormone-inhibiting hormone
GHRH
growth-hormone-releasing hormone
GcRH
gonadotropin-releasing hormone
GTT
glucose tolerance test
HCG
human chorionic gonadotropin
IDDM
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
LATS
long-acting thyroid stimulator
LH
luteinizing hormone
Mg
magnesium
mg/dl
milligrams per deciliter
MSH
melanocyte-stimulating hormone
NIDDM
non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
PBI
protein-bound iodine
PTH
parathyroid hormone
RIA
radioimmunoassay
SIADH
syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion
T3
triiodothyronine
T3RU
triiodothyronine resin uptake
T4
thyroxine
TBG
thyroxine-binding globulin
TFT
thyroid function test
TRH
thyrotropin-releasing hormone
TSH
thyroid-stimulating hormone
Tx, tx
treatment
acid/o
acid. Ex: Acidophil = A cell that has an affinity for acid dyes, according to Practical Clinical Skills.
acr/o
extremities. Ex: Acroasphyxia = A condition where blood flow to the extremities is compromised.
Aden/o
gland. Ex: Adenocarcinoma = This refers to a type of cancer that originates in glandular tissue.
adip/o
fat. Ex: adipogenesis = The process of forming fat cells
adren/o, adrenal/o
adrenal gland. Ex: Adrenarche = The period of increased adrenal androgen production, which typically begins during puberty.
anter/o
front. Ex: anterolateral = In the front and side
calc/o
calcium. Ex: Calcareous = Describing something containing calcium carbonate, like some types of rocks and soils.
cortic/o
cortex. Ex: Corticofugal = Referring to nerves that originate in the cortex and carry impulses away from it.
crin/o
Secrete. Ex: endocrine = This term directly uses “crin/o” to refer to the glands and tissues of the body that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.
gigant/i
abnormally large. Ex: gigantism = abnormally large stature due to excess growth hormone during childhood.
gluc/o, glyc/o
sugar; glucose. Ex: glucokinase = This enzyme is involved in the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, a crucial step in glucose metabolism
gonad/o
sex glands. Ex: gonadotrophic = fers to hormones that stimulate the gonads.
gynec/o
female; woman. Ex: Gynecologist = A physician specializing in gynecology
horomon/o
hormone.
home/o
similar. Ex: homologous = This term describes structures that share a common origin or function. The “homeo-“ part indicates that the structures are similar in some way.
immun/o
immune; protection. Ex: immunocompetent = Having a normal or functioning immune system.
insulin/o
insulin. Ex: insulinoma = A tumor of the islets of Langerhans that produces excessive insulin.
kal/i
potassium. Ex: hyperkalemia = A condition where potassium levels in the blood are abnormally high
ket/o
ketone. Ex: ketoacidosis = A condition where the blood becomes too acidic due to an excess of ketone bodies, often associated with diabetes.
lob/o
lobe.
mast/o
breast. Ex: mammogram = An X-ray of the breast used to detect abnormalities
myx/o
mucus. Ex: Myxedema = A condition characterized by swelling due to the accumulation of a mucinous substance in the skin and underlying tissues.
natr/o
sodium. Ex: Natriuresis = Increased excretion of sodium and water in the urine.
neur/o
nerve. Ex: Neurology = study of nerves
ophthalam/o
eye. Ex: Ophthalmalgia = pain in the eyeball.
pancreat/o
pancreas. Ex: Pancrealith = A pancreatic stone.
parathyroid/o
parathyroid gland. Ex: Parathyroidectomy = surgical removal of the parathyroid gland
pituitar/o
pituitary gland. Ex: pituitary adenoma = A benign tumor of the pituitary gland
radi/o
x-rays. Ex: Radioisostopes = Radioactive forms of elements
retin/o
retina. Ex: Retinal dysplasia = abnormal development of the retina
thym/o
thymus. Ex: Thymitis = Inflammation of the thymus gland
thyr/o, thyroid/o
thyroid gland. Ex: Thyrotoxicosis = A condition characterized by excess thyroid hormone production.
tox/I, toxic/o
poison. Ex: Thyrotoxicosis = A condition characterized by excess thyroid hormone production.
anti-
against. Ex: antibiotic = anti bacterial
endo-
in; within. Ex: endometriosis = condition where tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside of the uterus.
eu-
good; normal. Ex: eupnea = normal breathing
exo-
outward. Ex: exocarp = The outermost layer of the wall of a ripened fruit
hyper-
above; above normal; excessive. Ex: Hyperthyroidism = excessive thyroid hormone
hypo-
below; deficient. Ex: hypotension = low blood pressure
pan-
everything; all. Ex: pancytopenia = A deficiency of all blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
para-
near; beside; alongside; beyond; abnormal. Ex: Parathyroid = glands located near the thyroid
poly-
many; much. Ex: polynomials = long equation with many variables
post-
after; behind. Ex: postpartum = after pregnancy
ultra-
beyond; excess. Ex: ultracentrifugal = the process of separating particles using a high-speed centrifuge
-al, -ary, -ic
pertaining to. Ex: Neural = pertaining to nerve
-assay
to analyze. Ex: immunoassay = is a biochemical test that measures the presence or concentration of a substance
-carcinoma
cancerous tumor. Ex: adenocarcinoma = a type of cancer that forms in glandular tissues
-crine
secrete; separate. Ex: Endocrine = refers to glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, rather than through ducts.
-dipsia
thirst. Ex: polydipsia = refers to excessive thirst
-edema
swelling; fluid retention. Ex: Lymphedema = swelling (usually in the arms or legs) caused by a blockage in the lymphatic system
-genic
produced by or in. Ex: Carcinogenic = that causes or promotes the formation of cancer
-malacia
softening. Ex: Osteomalacia = the softening of the bones
-oid
like; resembling. Ex: Thyroid = “-oid” suffix means “resembling” or “like”, so thyroid originally meant “shield-shaped
-oma
tumor; mass. Ex: Lymphoma = a type of cancer that begins in the lymphatic system, particularly in lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cell.
-plasia
development; formation. Ex hyperplasia = increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ
-stasis
Stoppage of flow. Ex: venous stasis = impaired or slowed blood flow in the veins
-tropic
turning; affecting. Ex Neurotropic = refers to substances, viruses, or factors that have an affinity for nerve tissue or affect the nervous system.
-tropin
hormone. Ex: Gonadotropin = refers to substances, typically hormones, that stimulate the gonads
-uria
urination; condition of time. Ex: hematuria = refers to the presence of blood in the urine
-y
process; state. Ex: Anxiety = a state of unease, worry, or fear
DM
diabetes mellitus
