Word parts chapter 10 Flashcards
anxi/o
anxious, uneasy. Ex: anxiolytics = medications to treat anxiety
cephal/o
head. Ex: cephalalgia = headache
cerebell/o
cerebellum. Ex: Cerebellopontine = Pertaining to the cerebellum and pons.
cerebr/o
cerebrum. Ex: Cerebrovascular = relates to the blood vessels of the brain, again indicating the connection to the cerebrum.
contus/o
to bruise. Ex: contusion = A general term for a bruise
Crani/o
skull. Ex: craniotomy surgical incision into the skull
dendr/o
tree-like; brances. Ex: Dendriform = Having the form of a tree, used to describe treelike structures in medicine and architecture.
dur/o
dura mater
encephal/o
brain. Ex: encephalitis = inflammation of the brain
esthes/o, esthesi/o
Nervous sensation. Ex: Esthesioneurosis = A neurosis characterized by abnormal sensations.
gangli/o
tumor; cystic tumor. Ex: ganglionectomy = surgical removal of a ganglion
gli/o
glue. Ex: glioblastoma = a brain tumor from glial cells
hormon/o
hormone. Ex: hormonotropic = Affecting or influencing hormones.
hydr/o
water. Ex: hydrocephalus = water on the brain
hypn/o
sleep. Ex: Hypnogenesis = he induction of a hypnotic state.
iatr/o
physician; treatment. Ex: Iatrochemistry = The study of the chemical aspects of medicine
isch/o
back; to hold back. Ex: ischemia = reduced blood flow
lamin/o
lamina (thin plate or layer; arch). Ex: Laminectomy = surgical removal of the lamina
lex/o
word. Ex: dyslexia = Difficulty with reading, often involving the inability to distinguish between similar-sounding words.
medull/o
medulla oblongata.
megal/o
large; great; grand. Ex: Megalorexia = an abnormally large appetite
mening/o, meningi/o
meninges. Ex: meningitis = Inflammation of the meninges, often caused by infection.
ment/o
mind. Ex: Dementia = A mental deterioration of organic or functional origin.
myel/o
bone marrow; spinal cord. Ex: Myelodysplasia = A condition where bone marrow cells do not develop properly.
narc/o
numbness; sleep; stupor. Ex: narcohypnia = numbness felt on awaking from sleep
neur/o
nerve. Ex: Neurotoxin = A poison that affects the nervous system
phas/o
speech. Ex: aphasia = loss of the ability to speak
phob/o
fear.
phren/o
mind. Ex: Phreno-physiognomy = the study of the mind or character by facial features
pol/o
extreme.
poli/o
gray matter. Ex: poliomyelitis = (inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord
pont/o
pons. Ex: Cerebellopontine = Pertaining to the cerebellum and pons.
psych/o
mind. Ex: Psychopharmacology = The study of the effects of drugs on the mind and behavior.
radicul/o
nerve root. Ex: Radiculopathy = Disease of the nerve root
schiz/o
split. Ex: Schizocarp = A dry fruit that splits into two or more one-seeded segments.
somat/o
body. Ex: somatogenic = originating in the body
synaps/o, synapt/o
point of contact; to join. Ex: Synaptopathy = A disease or disorder of the synapse.
syncop/o
to cut off; cut short; faint. Ex: Syncopal = This adjective describes something related to syncope, for example, “syncopal episode”.
tax/o
coordination; order. Ex: taxis = the act of returning a body part to its normal position after a dislocation, fracture, or hernia.
tempor/o
The temples. Ex: temporo-maxillary joint = The joint connecting the temporal bone to the maxilla (jawbone).
thalam/o
thalamus. Ex: Thalamolenticular = Relating to the thalamus and lenticular nucleus of the brain
thec/o
sheath (meninges).
traumat/o
trauma; injury; wound. Ex: traumatropic = This term refers to something that has an attraction or affinity for trauma or injury.
troph/o
development; nourishment. Ex: trophoplasm = The nutrient-rich cytoplasm of a cell, especially in protozoa.
ventricul/o
ventricle. Ex: ventricular fibrillation = A dangerous heart rhythm where the ventricles quiver instead of pumping blood.
vertebr/o
vertebrae; spinal column bones. Ex: Vertebrectomy = the surgical removal of a vertebra.
af-
toward; near. Ex: afferent = carrying towards
bi-
two; both. Ex: bilateral = both sides
con-
together; with. Ex: congested = Meaning filled with or swollen with, as in congested airways.
ef-
out of; outside.
hemi-
half. Ex: hemiplegia = paralysis of one side of the body
intra-
within, into. Ex: intravenous = Within the veins.
micro-
small. Ex: microcephaly = A condition characterized by an abnormally small head.
mono-
one; single. Ex: mononucleosis = (a disease characterized by a single nucleus in white blood cells
par-, para-
near; beside; alongside; beyond; abnormal. Ex: paraprofessional = healthcare workers who work alongside professionals
soma-
body. Ex: somatotype = body type
sub-
below; under. Ex: Subcutaneous = under the skin
-algesia
pain; sensitivity.
-algia
pain. Ex: Analgesia = Absence of pain; relief from pain
-algia
pain. Ex: Fibromyalgia = Chronic widespread pain in muscles, ligaments, and tendons
-asthenia
weakness. Ex: Neurasthenia = A condition characterized by physical and mental exhaustion, often associated with chronic fatigue and nervous system dysfunction.
-cele
hernia; swelling; protrusion. Ex: cystocele = Protrusion of the bladder into the vaginal wall, commonly occurring in women.
-e
(noun suffix with no meaning)
emic.
pertaining to blood condition. Ex: anemic = pertaining to anemia (blood condition)
-esthesia
feeling; sensation. Ex: Synaesthesia = condition where one sensory perception triggers another, such as seeing colors when hearing music or tasting flavors when hearing sounds.
-ferent
to carry. Ex: Lymphferent = Carrying lymph, referring to lymphatic vessels that transport lymph throughout the body.
-glia
glue. Ex: Neuroglia = The collective term for glial cells in the nervous system that provide support, nourishment, and protection to neurons.
-graphy
process of recording. Ex: mammography = The process of taking X-ray images of the breasts to screen for breast cancer or detect abnormalities.
-ia
condition. Ex: pneumonia = lung condition or an infection that causes inflammation of the lungs, often leading to symptoms such as cough, fever, and difficulty breathing.
-ion
process; state; condition. Ex: digestion = process by which the body breaks down food into smaller components that can be absorbed and utilized for energy.
-lepsy
seizure. Ex: epilepsy = neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures.
-leptic
to seize; take hold of. Ex: anticonvulsant = medication that prevents or reduces the severity of convulsions or seizures, similar to antiepileptic drugs.
-lysis
breakdown; separation; loosening. Ex: hemolysis = The destruction or breakdown of red blood cells.
-lytic
pertaining to breakdown or destruction. Ex: hemolytic = pertaining to the destruction of red blood cells.
-mania
obsessive preoccupation. Ex: Kleptomania = Klepto (theft) + mania (obsessive preoccupation) A psychological condition characterized by an uncontrollable urge to steal
-orexia
appetite. Ex: anorexia = condition characterized by a loss of appetite or an intense fear of gaining weight
-osis
process; abnormal condition. Ex: Cirrhosis = A chronic liver disease characterized by the degeneration of liver cells
-paresis
weakness. Ex: paraparesis = Partial weakness or paralysis affecting the lower limbs
-pathy
disease. Ex: pathology = study of diseases
-phobia
fear. Ex: Acrophobia = fear of heights.
-phlegia
paralysis.
-rrhagic
pertaining to bursting forth. (of blood)
-rraphy
suture. Ex Herniorrhaphy = A surgical procedure to repair a hernia by suturing the tissue or muscles to close the hole or defect.
-sclerosis
hardening; thickening. Ex: Atherosclerosis = A condition where fatty deposits (plaque) build up in the walls of arteries, causing the arteries to become hard and narrowed.
-taxia
muscle coordination. Ex: Ataxia = condition characterized by a lack of muscle coordination or control over voluntary movements
-tomy
process of cutting; incision. Ex: Gastrotomy = A surgical incision made into the stomach, often performed to create an opening for feeding
-tropic
turning. Ex: Neurotropic = Referring to something that has an effect on the nervous system.
AD
Alziheimer’s (or Alzheimer) disease
ADHD
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
ALS
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
ANS
autonomic nervous system
ASA
acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
ASD
autism spectrum disorder
CBT
cognitive-behavioral therapy
CNS
central nervous system
CP
cerebral palsy
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
DTR(s)
deep tendon reflex(es)
ECT
electroconvulsive therapy
EDH
epidural hematoma
EEG
electroencephalogram
END
electroneurodiagnostic
FH
family history
GAD
generalized anxiety disorder
GB
guillian-barré
H&P
history and physical
HA
headache
HEENT
head, eye, ear, nose, and throat
HPI
history of present illness
ICP
intracranial pressure
ID, IDD
intellectual disability; intellectual development disorder
LOC
level of consciousness
LP
lumbar puncture
MG
myasthenia gravis
MMSE
mini-mental state exam
MS
multiple sclerosis
MSE
mental status exam
NCV
nerve conduction velocity
NVS
neuro vital signs
OCD
obsessive-compulsive disorder
OH
occupational history
OP
outpatient
P
pulse
PD
parkinson’s disease; panic disorder
PE
physical examination
PET
position emission tomography
PNS
peripheral nervous system
PMH
past medical history
PTSD
post-traumatic stress disorder
R
right; respirations
R/O
rule out
RLE
right lower extremity
ROS
review of systems
s (with a line over it)
without
SAD
seasonal affective disorder
SB
spina bifida
SDH
subdural hematoma
SCI
spinal cord injury
SH
social history
SNS
somatic nervous system
T
temperature
TBI
traumatic brain injury
TIA
transient ischemic attack
WNL
within normal limits
