Word List 7

Question 0

buttress

Just as architects buttress the walls of cathedrals with flying buttresses, debaters buttress their arguments with facts.

Answer 0

v. support; prop up.

控え壁で補強する、支持する

Question 1

burnish

The maid burnished the brass fixtures until they reflected the lamplight.

Answer 1

v. make shiny by rubbing; polish.

Question 2

cacophonous

Do the students in the orchestra enjoy the cacophonous sounds they make when they are tuning up? I don’t know how they can stand the racket.

Answer 2

adj. discordant; inharmonious.

- > cacophony, n.

Question 3

capricious

The storm was capricious: it changed course constantly. Jill was capricious, too: she changed boyfriends almost as often as she changed clothes.

Answer 3

adj. unpredictable; fickle.

気紛れな、移り気の、

Question 4

castigation

Sensitive even to mild criticism, Woolf could not bear the castigation that she found in certain reviews Ben Jonson was a highly moral playwright: in his plays, his purpose was to castigate vice and hypocrisy by exposing them publicly.

Answer 4

n. punishment; severe criticism.

折檻する、酷評する、添削する、

Question 5

catalyst

After a banana is harvested, certain enzymes within its cells continue to act as a catalyst for the biochemical processes of ripening, thereby causing the banana eventually to rot. In 1969 the IRA split into two factions: the “officials,” who advocated a united socialist Ireland but disavowed terrorist activities, and the “provisionals,” who argued that terrorism was a necessary catalyst for unification.

Answer 5

n. agent that influences the pace of a chemical reaction while it remains unaffected and unchanged; person or thing that causes action.

Question 6

caustic

The critic’s caustic remarks angered the hapless actors who were the subjects of his sarcasm.

Answer 6

adj. burning; sarcastically biting.

痛烈な、腐食性の、苛性の、