Word List 4 Flashcards
aristocracy
Americans have mixed feelings about hereditary aristocracy; we say all men are created equal, but we describe particularly outstanding people as natural aristocracy.
n. hereditary nobility; privileged class.
貴族、上流階級
arid
The cactus has adapted to survive in an arid environment.
adj. dry; barren
乾燥した、不毛の
aromatic
Medieval sailing vessels brought aromatic herbs from China to Europe.
adj. fragrant.
arraign
After his indictment by the Grand Jury, the accused man was arraigned in the County Criminal Court.
v. Charge in court; indict.
(裁判のために)召喚する、起訴される
array
His actions were bound to array public sentiment against him.
v. marshal; draw up in order.
を整列させる
array
She liked to watch her Mather array herself in her finest clothes before going out for the evening.
v. clothe; adorn.
arrears
Because he was in arrears with his car payments, the repo men repossessed his Porsche.
n. being in debt.
arrest
According to Connolly’s “Theory of Permanent Adolescence,” the triumphs and disappointments that boys experience at great British public schools are so intense as to dominate their lives and to arrest their development.
v. stop or check; seize or capture (the attention)
…の(進行を)止める、(人の注意など)を少し引く
arrhythmic
The doctors feared his arrhythmic heartbeat might be the first symptom of an imminent heart attack.
adj. lacking rhythm or regularity.
- > arrhythmia, n.
arrogance
Convinced that Emma thought she was better than anyone else in the class, Ed rebuked her for her arrogance.
n. pride; haughtiness.
artful
By using accurate details to suggest a misleading picture of the whole, the artful propagandist turns partial truths into more effective instruments of deception than lies.
adj. cunning; crafty; sly.
articulate
Her articulate presentation of the advertising campaign impressed her employers.
adj. effective; distinct.
- > also v.
artifact
Archaeologists debated the significance of the artifacts discovered in the ruins of Asia Minor but came to no conclusion about the culture they represented.
n. object made by human beings, either handmade or mass-produced.
artifice
The Trojan War proved to the Greeks that cunning and artifice were often more effective than military might.
n. deception; trickery.
artisan
Elderly artisans from Italy trained Harlem teenagers to carve the stone figures that would decorate the new wing of the cathedral.
n. manually skilled worker; craftsman, as opposed to artist.
artless
Red Riding Hood’s artless comment, “Grandma, what big eyes you have!” Indicates the child’s innocent surprise at her “grandmather’s” changed appearance.
adj. without guile; open and honest.
ascetic
The wealthy, self-indulgent young man felt oddly drawn to the strict, ascetic life led by members of some monastic orders.
adj. practicing self-denial; austere.
禁欲主義の、過酷な
-> also n., asceticism, n.
assiduous
It took Rembrandt weeks of assiduous labor before he was satisfied with his portrait of his son.
adj. diligent.
根気強い、たゆまぬ
assuage
Jilted by Jane, Dick tried to assuage his heartache by indulging in ice cream. One gallon later, he had assuaged his appetite but not his grief.
v. ease or lessen (pain); satisfy (hunger); soothe (anger).
- > assuagement, n.
attenuate
The long, dry spell attenuated the creek to the merest trickle. When meteor strikes the ground, the initially intense shock attenuated or lessens as it diverges outward.
v. make thinner; weaken or lessen (in density, force, degree)
細くする、薄くする、弱める
audacious
Audiences cheered as Luke Skywalker and Princess Leis made their audacious, death-defying leap to freedom and escaped Darth Vader’s troops.
adj. daring; bold.
大胆な、無謀な、不敵な、奔放な
-> audacity, n.
austere
The headmaster’s austere demeanor tended to scare off the more timid students, who never visited his study willingly. The room reflected the man, austere and bare, like a monk’s cell, with no touches of luxury to moderate its austerity.
adj. forbiddingly stern; severely simple and unornamented.
autonomous
Although the University of California at Berkeley is just one part of the state university system, in many ways Cal Berkeley is autonomous, for it runs several programs that are not subject to outside control.
adj. self-governing.
