word list 12: musculoskeletal system Flashcards
ankyl/o
stiffness, bent/crooked
arthr/o
joint
calcane/o
calcaneum (heel bone)
carp/o
carpals (wrist bones)
cervic/o
neck
chondr/o
cartilage
cost/o
ribs
crani/o
cranium (skull)
fasci/o
fascia (fibrous tissue supporting/separating muscles)
femor/o
femur (thigh bone)
fibr/o
fiber, fibrous tissue
fibul/o
fibula (smaller lateral bone of lower leg)
humer/o
humerus (upper arm bone)
leiomy/o
smooth muscle (visceral)
lumb/o
lower back
metacarp/o
metacarpals (hand bones)
muscul/o
muscle
my/o
muscle
myel/o
bone marrow, spinal cord
orth/o
straight
oste/o
bone
patell/o
patella (kneecap)
pelv/i
pelvis
pelv/o
pelvis
phalang/o
phalanges (bones of fingers and toes)
radi/o
radius (lower arm bone, thumb side)
spondyl/o
vertebra (backbone)
stern/o
sternum (breastbone)
ten/o
tendon
tend/o
tendon
tendin/o
tendon
tibi/o
tibia (large medial bone of lower leg)
vertebr/o
vertebra (backbone)
-al
pertaining to
-clasia
to break, surgical fracture
-clast
to break
-sarcoma
malignant tumor of connective tissue
peri-
around
sub-
under, below
ankylosis
abnormal condition of stiffness (of a joint)
arthralgia
pain of a joint
arthrocentesis
surgical puncture of a joint
arthrodesis
binding/fixation of a joint
arthroscopy
visual examination of a joint
avulsion
injury where a structure is torn off another (avulsion fracture - ligament tears bone)
carpoptosis
prolapse/downward displacement of the carpals (wrist bones)
costochondritis
inflammation of the rib cartilage
diaphysis
shaft of a bone
kyphosis
abnormal condition of a humpback (increased thoracic spine curvature)
laminectomy
excision/removal of the lamina of the spine
leiomyoma
tumor of smooth muscle
lordosis
abnormal condition of curve/swayback (anterior curvature of the lumbar spine)
malleolus
bony structure on either side of the ankle (commonly fractured)
myalgia
muscle pain
myorrhexis
rupture of a muscle
myosarcoma
malignant tumor of muscle
osteoarthritis
inflammation of the bone and joint
osteoporosis
porous bone
pelvimetry
act of measuring the pelvis
rhabdomyolysis
“rhabdo” condition where muscle breaks down quickly and releases toxins
sciatica
severe pain along sciatic nerve (posterior aspect of upper and lower leg)
scoliosis
abnormal condition of crooked/bent (spine) (abnormal lateral curvature of spine)
spondylolisthesis
slipping vertebra (backbone)
sprain
injury to ligament (stretched beyond its capacity)
strain
injury to tendon and/or muscle (stretched beyond its capacity
