Word Formation Processes

Question 1

Coinage/Neologism

Answer 1

The deliberate creation of a new word

Staycation

Question 2

Borrowing/Loan words

Answer 2

Borrowing words or other concepts from other cultures.
Cafe
Kindergarten

Question 3

Compounding

Answer 3

Words combined together to form new words, these can be open, hyphenated or solid/closed.
Sunflower
Railroad

Question 4

Clipping

Answer 4

Words are shortened and then that becomes the norm

Question 5

Blending

Answer 5

A combo of clipping and compounding

Fanzine = Fan and Magazine

Question 6

Acronym

Answer 6

First letters are taken from a series of words to form a new word
NASA

Question 7

Initialism

Answer 7

Acronym but each letter is individually pronounced instead of spoken as a word
FBI
PR

Question 8

Affixation

Answer 8

One of more free morphemes are combined with one or more bound morphemes.
Unhappy
Un = Bound morpheme
Happy = Free morpheme

Question 9

Eponym

Answer 9

Someone’s name being used as a word
Sandwich = was an actual bloke
Alzheimer’s disease

Question 10

Back Formation

Answer 10

A verb is created from an existing noun by removing the suffix
Location ➡️ Locate
Surveillance ➡️ Surveil

Question 11

Broadening

Answer 11

The meaning broadens so that it retains its old meaning but takes on new ones.
Holy-Day = Holiday

Question 12

Narrowing

Answer 12

A word becomes more specific in meaning

Mete = Food ➡️ Animal Flesh

Question 13

Amelioration

Answer 13

When a word acquires a more positive meaning over time.

Pretty used to mean sly or cunning

Question 14

Pejoration

Answer 14

Over time a word becomes less favourable

Villain used to mean farm worker or peasant