Word Endings Video Flashcards
What do noun endings in English mark?
Noun endings in English mark number and case
What do noun endings in Latin mark?
Noun endings in Latin mark gender, number, and case
What is gender part of? Does it change? How is it indicated?
Gender is part of a noun. It does not change. It is indicated by inflection.
What is/are more fully indicated by inflection? (Although ambiguity still exists)
Number and case are more fully indicated than gender by inflection, although ambiguity still exists
When subject and object are ambiguous, the ____ normally precedes the _______.
When subject and object are ambiguous, the subject normally precedes the object
What is inflection?
Inflection is modification of word endings
What is declension?
Declension is the inflection, or modification of word endings of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives.
What is conjugation?
The inflection, or modification of word endings of verb
In English, what does the declension of pronouns reveal?
Declension in English reveals NUMBER (singular or plural) and CASE - which can be subjective (he), objective (him), or possesive (his).
Can pronouns also have particular forms for subjective and objective?
yes
Provide example of subjective and objective forms of pronounss
she vs. her ; I vs. me
Depends if subject in sentence
In Latin, what is critical to know in making a sentence?
Gender, number, case are critical to know in making a sentence in Latin
In Latin, what does declension mark or reveal?
Gender, number (singular or plural) and the case (ie grammatical function of a noun or a pronoun [subjective or possessive]
List of Latin cases
nominative genitive dative accusative vocative (minor case included in paradigms and second declension nouns), locative (very uncommon)
Canis infantem mordet
The dog bites the child
Canem infans mordet
The child bites the dog
Canes infans mordet
The child bites the dogs
Canem infantes mordent
The children bite the dog
Canes infantes mordent
The dogs bite the children
Infantes canes mordent
The children bite the dogs
mordet vs. mordent
mordet = bites mordent = bite
infantem vs, infans vs, infantes
infantem = child as the object. The dog bites the child
infans = child as subject
infantes - children as object or subject
canis vs. canem vs. canes
canis = dog as subject canem = dog as object The child bites the dog canes = dog as plural object or subject: The child bites the dog. The dogs bite the child.
If words have the sames ending, ______ comes first
If words have the same ending, the subject comes first
Canes infantes mordent = The dogs bite the children
Infantes canes mordent = The children bite the dogs
