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CCEA GCSE Chemistry > Word bank: Structures, Trends, Chemical Reactions, Quantitative Chemistry & Analysis > Flashcards

Word bank: Structures, Trends, Chemical Reactions, Quantitative Chemistry & Analysis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an Atom?

(2 marks) 



A

An atom is the Simplest Particle of an Element that can exist on its own in a stable environment.

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2
Q

What is an Atomic Number?


(2 marks)


A

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. Also called the proton number.

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3
Q

What is a Compound?

(2 marks)

A

A substance formed when 2 or more Elements are chemically combined.

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4
Q

What is an Electron?


(3 marks)


A

Subatomic particle, with a negative charge and a negligible mass relative to protons and neutrons.

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5
Q

What is an Electronic Configuration?

(1 mark)


A

The order Electrons are arranged in different shells.

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6
Q

What is an Element? 


2 marks

A

An Element is a substance that consists of only 1 type of Atom and it cannot be broken down into anything simpler by chemical means.

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7
Q

What is an Isotope? 

(4 marks)

A

Atoms which have the same number of protons (so they are atoms of the same element)
but they have a different number of neutrons (so they have a different mass number).

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8
Q

What is a Mass Number?


(2 marks)


A

The number of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus of an atom.

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9
Q

What is a Model? 


(3 marks)


A

An equation, diagram or analogy that helps explain a scientific idea.

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10
Q

What is a Molecule? 


2 marks

A

A particle that consists of 2 or more atoms chemically bonded together.

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11
Q

What is a Neutron? 


(2 marks)


A

Uncharged subatomic particle, with a mass of 1 relative to a proton.

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12
Q

What are Noble Gases?

(2 marks)



A

The elements in Group 0 of the Periodic Table, named for their lack of chemical reactivity.

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13
Q

What is a Nucleus?


4 marks

A

The central part of an atom. It contains protons and neutrons, and has most of the mass of the atom.

Plural: nuclei.

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14
Q

What is the Plum Pudding Model?


2 marks

A

The scientific idea that an atom is a sphere of positive charge, with negatively charged electrons in it.

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15
Q

What is a Proton?

(2 marks)



A

Subatomic particle with a positive charge and a relative mass of 1.

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16
Q

What is a Relative Atomic Mass?

(4 marks)

A

The mass of the atom compared with that of the Carbon-12 Isotope, which has a mass of exactly 12, and it is the weighted mean of the mass numbers.

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17
Q

What is Relative Mass?

(2 marks)



A

The relative mass is the number of times heavier a particle is, compared to another.

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18
Q

What is a Subatomic Particle?


2 marks

A

Objects found in atoms, including protons, neutrons and electrons.

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19
Q

What is an Acid?


(2 marks)


A

Substance which produces Hydrogen Ions when dissolved in water.

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20
Q

What is an Alkali?

(2 marks)

A

Substance which produces Hydroxide Ions when dissolved in water

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21
Q

What is a Balanced Equation?

(4 marks)



A

Chemical Equation written using the Symbols and Formulae of the Reactants + Products
- so that the number of units of each Element present is the same on both sides of the arrow.

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22
Q

What is meant by ‘Diatomic’?


(2 marks)


A

2 atoms covalently bonded in a molecule.

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23
Q

What is Electrolysis?

(2 marks)

A

The decomposition of a Liquid Electrolyte using a direct current of electricity.

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24
Q

What is Precipitate?


2 marks

A

An insoluble solid which may be formed on mixing 2 solutions.

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25
Q

What are ‘products’?


(1 mark)


A

Substances formed in a chemical reaction.

26
Q

What are Reactants?


(2 marks)


A

Substances present at the start of a chemical reaction.

27
Q

What is a Redox Reaction?


(2 marks)


A

A redox reaction is one in which Oxidation and Reduction occur at the same time.

28
Q

What is a State Symbol?


(2 marks)


A

A symbol used in chemical equations to show if a substance is a solid, a liquid, a gas, or an aqueous solution.

29
Q

What is a Subscript?

(2 marks)



A

A character (number, letter or symbol) that is set below the normal line of type.

30
Q

What is a Superscript?


3 marks

A

A character (number, letter or symbol) that appears slightly above the normal line of type, and that is usually smaller than the rest of the text. 


31
Q

What are Word Equations?


2 marks

A

An equation in which only the names of the Reactants and Products are used to model a reaction.

32
Q

What is an Anion?


(1 mark)


A

A negative ion.

33
Q

What is a Cation? 


(1 mark)


A

A positive ion.

34
Q

What is Covalent Bonding?


(2 marks)


A

A covalent bond is formed by a shared pair of electrons.

35
Q

What are Delocalised Electrons? 

(1 mark)

A

Electrons that are free to move throughout a whole structure.

36
Q

What is an Ion?


2 marks

A

A charged particle formed when when an atom gains or loses electrons

37
Q

What is Ionic Bonding?


(2 marks)


A

An ionic bond is the attraction between oppositely charged ions.

38
Q

What is a lone pair?


(1 mark)


A

An unbonded pair of electrons

39
Q

What is a Metal?


(3 marks)


A

Shiny Element that is a good conductor of electricity and heat, and which forms Basic Oxides.

40
Q

What is a Metal Compound?

(2 marks)

A

A compound that contains 1 or more metal elements bonded to another element.

41
Q

What is Metallic Bonding? 


3 marks

A

The attraction between Delocalised Electrons and the Positive Ions in a Regular Lattice.


42
Q

What is a Molecular Ion? 


(2 marks)


A

A particle made of more than 1 atom that has an overall positive or negative charge.

43
Q

What is a Non-Metal?


2 marks

A

Element that is a poor conductor of electricity and heat, and which forms Acidic Oxides.

44
Q

What is an Aqueous Solution? 


(1 mark)


A

A solution in which the solvent is water.

45
Q

What is a Boiling Point?


2 marks

A

The temperature at which a substance rapidly changes from a liquid to a gas.

46
Q

What does it mean to ‘Conduct’?


(2 marks)


A

To allow electricity, heat or other energy forms to pass through.

47
Q

What does ‘Delocalised’ mean?


3 marks

A

Electrons that are not associated with a particular atom, eg in a metal, outer electrons can be free to move through the solid.

48
Q

What is Diamond?


(7 marks)


A

A form (allotrope) of Pure Carbon in which all the atoms are bonded to 4 others in a Giant Tetrahedral Network Structure which is very strong.

  • It is the hardest known natural substance, has a very high melting point and does not conduct electricity.
49
Q

What does Ductile mean?


(1 mark)


A

Capable of being drawn into wires without breaking.

50
Q

What is a Giant Covalent Structure?

(2 marks)

A

A structure in which very large numbers of atoms are joined together by Covalent Bonds in a regular network.

51
Q

What is Graphene?

(3 marks)


A

A form of Carbon consisting of a single layer of Carbon Atoms joined together in Hexagonal Rings.


52
Q

What is Graphite?


(3 marks)


A

A form of Pure Carbon in which all the atoms are bonded to 3 others in giant sheets which can slide over each other.

53
Q

What is an Ionic lattice?


1 mark

A

The regular arrangement of Ions in an Ionic Substance.

54
Q

What is a Lubricant? 


(1 mark)


A

Anything which reduces the friction between 2 surfaces.

55
Q

What does it mean to be ‘Malleable’? 


(1 mark)


A

Capable of being hammered into a new shape without breaking.

56
Q

What is a Melting Point? 


(2 marks)


A

The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid as it is heated.

57
Q

What are Van der Waals’?


2 marks

A

Intermolecular attractions found between molecules of substances.

58
Q

What is a Nanoparticle? 


(1 mark)


A

A structure that is 1 - 100 nm in size.

59
Q

What is a Nanoparticulate?


(2 marks)


A

Useful substances containing nanoparticles.

60
Q

What is a Surface Area?

(2 marks)

A

The total area of all sides on a 3D shape.

61
Q

What is Volume?


3 marks

A

The volume of a three-dimensional shape is a measure of the amount of space or capacity it occupies.

62
Q

What does ‘Sonorous’ mean?

1 mark

A

Makes a ringing sound when struck.

CCEA GCSE Chemistry (7 decks)

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