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SP 2024 SFA ROLES > Word Bank List > Flashcards

Word Bank List Flashcards

1
Q

Secobarbital

A

Barbituate used to sleep the night before surgery

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2
Q

Moderate

A

sedation state of depressed level of consciousness

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3
Q

Beir Block

A

uses double tourniquet method to exanguinate

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4
Q

ASA

A

Classification system of perioperative risk based on patients physiological status

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5
Q

PONV

A

Post operative nausea and vomiting, most common minor anesthesia risk.

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6
Q

Hylaraunidase

A

a protein enzyme that temporarily and reversibly depolymerizes hyaluronic acid; this creates microchannels in the interstitial matrix for fluid to flow.

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7
Q

Dantrolene

A

used to relax muscles rigidity. (MH prevention and treatment) also can be used for rigidity associated with MS, Cerbral Palsy, Stroke and injury to the spine.

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8
Q

Glucose

A

added to spinal to make the medication heavier than CSF

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9
Q

Versed

A

(Midazolam) given in pre-op setting to decrease anxiety

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10
Q

Induction

A

The first phase of anesthesia

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11
Q

Dextran

A

a polysacharride- expands blood volume

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12
Q

mydriatics

A

eye drops that dilate the pupil and paralyze the iris sphincter

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13
Q

capnometer

A

measures the concentration of carbon dioxde in exhaled air

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14
Q

Atropine

A

anti-cholinergic administered pre-operatively, blocks receptors on the vagus nerve & results in inhibiting the mucus secretions in the respiratory & digestive tracts.

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15
Q

Succinylcholine

A

a skeletal muscle relaxant. It is used to relax muscles during surgery or while on a breathing machine. Can trigger MH. Causes fascinations to to depolarizations.

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16
Q

Hypoxia

A

respiratory condition that typically occurs before dysrhythmias are noted

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17
Q

Yellow

A

usual color of the AIR hose in the OR

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18
Q

Blue

A

cyanosis

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19
Q

Cricoid

A

occlude the esophagus to prevent aspiration

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20
Q

vocal chords

A

most narrow anatomical part of adult trachea

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21
Q

Protamine Sulfate

A

The anti-heparin

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22
Q

calcium chloride

A

myocardial stimulant that increases the contraction of the myocardium

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23
Q

lidocaine

A

Controls Ventricular Arrhythmias

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24
Q

propofol

A

hypnotic agent that is chemically unrelated to other anesthetic substances

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25
Q

Narcan

A

anti-opioid

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26
Q

levophed

A

vasoconstrictor similar to adrenaline. used to treat low BP.

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27
Q

Cell

A

mitochondria is considered the powerhouse of the ________.

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28
Q

Pinocytosis

A

process by which the cell takes in the fluids along with dissolved small molecules. “cell drinking”

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29
Q

Clostridium perfringens

A

A spore-forming anaerobic gram-positive bacilli that results in gas gangrene

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30
Q

Chains

A

Streptococci means that bacteria cells appear in __________.

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31
Q

Bacteria

A

are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, and are present in most of its habitats.

Differences are determined by Gram Staining.

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32
Q

Fibrinolysin

A

An enzyme produced by some virulent microorganisms, that breaks down fibrin and leads to wound infection.

33
Q

Phagocytosis

A

Process that takes place when WBCs surround a foreign particle and is part of the body’s second line of defense.

34
Q

Mutation

A

All viruses are capable of ______________.

35
Q

flagella

A

Responsible for bacterial motility.

36
Q

spore

A

Bacteria which is highly resistant to sterilization.

37
Q

lysosome

A

membrane-enclosed organelles that contain an array of enzymes capable of breaking down all types of biological polymers—proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

38
Q

fungi

A

a group of eukaryotic organisms that include microorganisms like yeasts and molds, as well as mushrooms.

39
Q

Bacilli

A

a taxonomic class of bacteria that includes two orders: Bacillales and Lactobacillales. The word “bacilli” can also refer to a type of rod-shaped bacterium.

40
Q

Herpes Simplex

A

-viral infection that causes painful blisters or ulcers.
- It comes in two forms: HSV-1 and HSV-2, which cause oral and genital herpes
-HSV-1 tends to affect the mouth and face
-HSV-2 tends to affect the genital area

41
Q

Natural passive Immunity

A

Naturally acquired passive immunity occurs during pregnancy, when antibodies are passed from the maternal blood into the fetal bloodstream.

42
Q

Viruses

A

a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.

43
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

a common soil bacterium and the causative agent of tetanus.

44
Q

Passive transport

A

a type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes. Instead of using cellular energy, like active transport, passive transport relies on the second law of thermodynamics to drive the movement of substances across cell membranes

“travels the path of least resistance”

45
Q

Parasitic worms (helminths)

A

also known as helminths, are large macroparasites; adults can generally be seen with the naked eye. Many are intestinal worms that are soil-transmitted and infect the gastrointestinal tract. Other parasitic worms such as schistosomes reside in blood vessels.

46
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

a Gram-positive spherically shaped bacterium, a member of the Bacillota, and is a usual member of the microbiota of the body, frequently found in the upper respiratory tract and on the skin.

The bacteria that are spherical in shape, appear in clusters, and are the most common cause of postoperative wound infections.

47
Q

Genome

A

Prions are unique because they lack a ___________.

48
Q

Autoimmunity

A

when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own healthy cells, tissues, and organs. This happens when the body’s normal development process is disrupted, preventing the immune system from recognizing its own cells and tissues as “self”

49
Q

Protoplasm

A

the living part of a cell that is surrounded by a plasma membrane. It is a mixture of small molecules such as ions, monosaccharides, amino acids, and macromolecules such as proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, etc.

50
Q

Spirilli

A

a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the family Spirillaceae

spaghetti like in shape

51
Q

Prion

A

a misfolded protein that can induce misfolding of normal variants of the same protein and trigger cellular death. Prions cause prion diseases known as transmissible spongiform encephalopathies that are transmissible, fatal neurodegenerative diseases in humans and animals.

Mad cow disease cause

52
Q

Endogenous

A

Endogenous substances and processes are those that originate from within a living system such as an organism, tissue, or cell.

53
Q

Cocci

A

A coccus is any bacterium or archaeon that has a spherical, ovoid, or generally round shape

54
Q

santorini

A

Small pancreatic duct that empties into the duodenum at the minor duodenal papilla.

55
Q

long thoracic nerve

A

Nerve that innervates the serratus anterior muscle.

56
Q

hepatic

A

The ducts that drain bile directly into the gallbladder.

57
Q

falx cerebri

A

A layer of dura mater that separates the brain into hemispheres.

58
Q

collagen

A

Produced by fibroblasts.

59
Q

amylase

A

A starch-splitting enzyme.

60
Q

acromegaly

A

Excessive growth hormones

61
Q

hypothalamus

A

Regulates body temperature

62
Q

isthmus

A

Connects the two lobes of the thyroid gland.

63
Q

emissary

A

Veins which connect the sinuses of the dura mater with the veins located on the exterior surface of the skiull.

64
Q

choroid plexus

A

Where CSF produced

65
Q

thoracodorsal

A

Innervates the latissimus dorsi muscle.

66
Q

common iliac

A

An artery which trifurcates into the left gastric, splenic and hepatic arteries.

67
Q

external carotid

A

Supplies blood to the thyroid gland.

68
Q

oddi

A

A sphincter which is located at the distal end of the CBD and controls the release of pancreatic juice into the duodenum.

69
Q

heister

A

Spiral-shaped mucosal folds located the the gallbladder neck and cystic duct.

70
Q

kidney

A

Located retroperitoneal.

71
Q

poupart’s ligament

A

Anatomical division between the femoral and inguinal regions.

72
Q

falciform

A

Divides the liver into two lobes.

73
Q

internal iliac artery

A

Serves as the main blood supply for the pelvis and perineum.

74
Q

levator ani

A

Extends as a sheet of muscle across the pelvic outlet and innervates the pudendal nerve.

75
Q

condyle

A

A projection on the surface of a bone that is located at a point of articulation with another bone.

76
Q

renal pelvis

A

Where the ureter enters the kidney and the pelvis expands into the calyces which serve to collect urine.

77
Q

brachiocephalic

A

What is the first branch from the aortic arch called?

78
Q
A

SP 2024 SFA ROLES (3 decks)

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