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Cardiology > Word Associations > Flashcards

Word Associations Flashcards

2
Q

concentric hypertrophy

A

HFpEF

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3
Q

diastolic HF

A

HFpEF

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4
Q

systolic HF

A

HFrEF

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5
Q

eccentric hypertrophy

A

HFrEF

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6
Q

pressure overload

A

concentric hypertrophy

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7
Q

volume overload

A

eccentric hypertrophy

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8
Q

CRHD

A

mitral stenosis

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9
Q

dystrophic calcification

A

aortic stenosis

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10
Q

fused commissures

A

CRHD

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11
Q

leaflet neovascularization

A

CRHD

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12
Q

Marfans

A

aortic regurg

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13
Q

retraction of valve leaflets

A

CRHD, aortic regurg

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14
Q

myxomatous degeneration

A

mitral regurg

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15
Q

torn chordae

A

mitral regurg

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16
Q

bacterial endocarditis

A

regurgitation, emboli, glomerulonephritis

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17
Q

NBTE

A

emboli from valves

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18
Q

tx goal in uncomplicated htn

A

140/90

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19
Q

tx goal in complicated htn

A

130/80

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20
Q

activating RAAS

A

hypo: volemia, natremia, tension, adrenegic activation

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21
Q

deactivating RAAS

A

angiotensin receptor binding, feedback inhibition

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22
Q

RAAS rate limiting step

A

renin

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23
Q

AT1

A

vasoconstriction

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24
Q

AT2

A

vasodilation

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25
Q

LOX1

A

angiotensin II –> LDL –> atherosclerosis

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26
Q

NFKB

A

angiotensin II –> VCAM, MCP1

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27
Q

persistent cough

A

ACEI effect, bradykinin

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28
Q

apoB

A

chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, atherogenic

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29
Q

apoA

A

HDL

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30
Q

apoE

A

HDL, VLDL, IDL, not LDL

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31
Q

apoCII

A

lipoprotein lipase, cofactor, chylomicrons, VLDL

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32
Q

loss of apoE

A

circulating LDL in endogenous pathway

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33
Q

eruptive xanthomas

A

hyperchylomicronemia (FCS)

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34
Q

LPL, apoCII mutation

A

familial chylomicronemia syndrome

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35
Q

tendon xanthoma

A

familial hypercholesterolemia

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36
Q

pancreatitis

A

familial chylomicronemia syndrome, severe familial hypertriglyceridemia

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37
Q

cutaneous xanthoma

A

familial hypercholesterolemia (also FDB, ADH3)

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38
Q

corneal arcus

A

familial hypercholesterolemia (also FDB, ADH3)

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39
Q

LDL receptor mutation

A

familial hypercholesterolemia

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40
Q

apoB100 mutation

A

familial defective apoB (FDB)

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41
Q

PCSK9 GOF

A

autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia 3 (ADH3)

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42
Q

VLDL overproduction

A

familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL)

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43
Q

ApoEII mutation

A

familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (FD)

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44
Q

palmar xanthoma, tuberose xanthoma

A

familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (FD)

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45
Q

high VLDL, no mutation

A

familial hypertriglyceridemia (and severe version)

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46
Q

ABCA1 mutation

A

tangier disease, cholesterol macrophages, low HDL

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47
Q

free cholesterol buildup

A

LCAT deficiency

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48
Q

corneal cholesterol

A

LCAT deficiency

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49
Q

ratelimiting in cholesterol

A

HMG CoA Reductase, statins

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50
Q

6%

A

double dose statin = 6% risk reduction

51
Q

flushing

52
Q

ADAMTS7

A

coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis

53
Q

selectins

A

leukocyte rolling

54
Q

MPO

A

LDL oxidation, atherosclerosis

55
Q

scavenger receptors

A

foam cells, atherosclerosis

56
Q

TGFbeta

A

stable atherosclerotic lesion, SMC ECM

57
Q

Pulsus Paradoxus

58
Q

oriface area

59
Q

regurgitant fraction

A

regurgitation

60
Q

prolapse, flail MV

A

myxomatous degeneration

61
Q

acute MR

A

high TSV, RF, reduced CO/FSV, increased LVEF, increased LVEDP increased preload, decreased afterload, hypercontractile

62
Q

chronic MR

A

high TSV (>AMR), normalized CO/FSV, normalized LVEDP, increased LVEF (<AMR), RF(=AMR), increased dimension, increased preload(AMR), normalized afterload, hypercontractile

63
Q

decompensated CMR

A

hypocontractile, reduced TSV, reduced FSV/CO, increased RF, hyponormal LVEF

64
Q

diastolic regurgitation

65
Q

systolic regurgitation

66
Q

FSV = TSV

A

aortic regurgitation

67
Q

systolic hypertension with diastolic hypotension and high LVEDP

A

several aortic regurg

68
Q

acute AR

A

decreased effective CO, increased LVEDP, hypercontractile, increased LVEF

69
Q

chronic AR

A

normalized effective CO, reduced perfusion, increased LVEDP (<AAR), increased dimension, hypercontractile, increased LVEF

70
Q

restenosis

71
Q

drug eluting stent risk

A

thrombosis

72
Q

killer of young people

A

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

73
Q

fibrillin 1

74
Q

elevated cardiac enzymes

75
Q

thick fibrous cap

A

stable angina

76
Q

plaque rupture

77
Q

complete obstruction

A

transmural MI

78
Q

thin wavy myocytes

A

minutes after MI

79
Q

LDH stain

A

infarcted cells are white <12 hours

80
Q

dark mottling

A

MI 12-24 hours

81
Q

hyperemic border

A

MI 3-10 days

82
Q

granulation tissue

A

MI 2-4 weeks, grey/red

83
Q

scar

A

MI 8-10 weeks

84
Q

contraction band necrosis

A

MI reperfusion

85
Q

hemorrhagic infarct

A

MI reperfusion, free radicals

86
Q

ventricular rupture

A

transmural MI 3-7 days

87
Q

ventricular aneurysm

A

transmural MI weeks/months

88
Q

nkx2.5

A

cardiac homeobox

89
Q

Islet1

A

secondary heart field defects

90
Q

semaphorins

A

vasculogenesis

91
Q

interstitial edema

92
Q

polycythemia

93
Q

cyanosis

A

tetralogy, TGA

94
Q

PBF dependent

95
Q

PBF independent

96
Q

continuous murmur

97
Q

holosystolic murmur

98
Q

no flow in legs

A

tubular hypoplasia/dominant PDA, no aortal flow

99
Q

intercostal collaterals

A

discrete coarctation

100
Q

tetralogy

A

vsd, POTO, RVH, aortic alignment

101
Q

4 chamber dilation

102
Q

DCM

A

systolic pump failure

103
Q

interstitial fibrosis and mixed hypertrophy/atresia

104
Q

banana ventricle

105
Q

HCM

A

diastolic dysfunction

106
Q

myocyte disarray and branching

107
Q

LVOT

108
Q

Ice cream cone/LA hypertrophy

109
Q

amyloid

110
Q

RCM

A

diastolic dysfunction

111
Q

flabby heart

A

DCM, myocarditis

112
Q

hypersensitivity

A

eosinophilic myocarditis

113
Q

lymphocytes

A

lymphocytic myocarditis

114
Q

granulomas

A

giant cell myocarditis

115
Q

low RA/RV, low PAWP

A

hypovolemic shock

116
Q

decreased SVR, increased CO, sick

A

septic shock/distributive

117
Q

low CO, high pressures

A

cardiogenic shock

118
Q

high RA/RV pressures, low CO

A

obstructive shock

119
Q

equal diastolic pressures in heart

120
Q

slow response

121
Q

fast response

A

his, ventricles, atria

Cardiology (41 decks)

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