Murmur descriptions Flashcards
a crescendo/decrescendo systolic murmur best heard at the right upper sternal border sometimes with radiation to the carotid arteries
Aortic valve stenosis
a holosystolic murmur heard best at the apex, and may radiate to the axilla or precordium
Mitral regurgitation
a holosystolic murmur heard best at the apex, and may radiate to the axilla or precordium + a systolic click
mitral valve prolapse
a crescendo-decrescendo murmur heard best at the left upper sternal border, associated with a systolic ejection click that diminishes with inspiration and sometimes radiates to the left clavicle
Pulmonary valve stenosis
a holosystolic murmur at the left lower sternal border with radiation to the left upper sternal border. Prominent v and c waves may be seen in the jugular venous pulse
Tricuspid valve regurgitation
a systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur best heard at the left lower sternal border
Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
a systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur best heard at the right upper sternal border due to increased volume going through the pulmonary valve, and is associated with a fixed, split S2
Atrial septal defect
a holosystolic murmur at the left lower sternal border, associated with a palpable thrill
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
a diastolic decrescendo murmur heard at the left lower sternal border or right lower sternal border
Aortic valve regurgitation
a diastolic low-pitched decrescendo murmur best heard at the cardiac apex in the left lateral decubitus position. It may be associated with an opening snap
Mitral stenosis
a diastolic decrescendo murmur at the left lower sternal border
Pulmonary valve regurgitation
a continuous murmur radiating to the back
PDA
a continuous murmur: a systolic component at the left infraclavicular region and the back due to the stenosis, and a diastolic component over the chest wall due to blood flow through collateral vessels
Severe coarctation of the aorta
