Word-Analysis Skills and Vocabulary Development Flashcards
a correspondence between letters and sounds
phonics
the structure of the language
syntax
meaning; how words relate to form meaning
semantics
the way in which expression can provide meaning to language
pragmatics
any number of ways in which readers analyze unknown words: using phonics to decode words, being able to chunk words into parts, and being able to recognize the meanings of these parts
word-analysis skills
making word families word sorts take apart blending wheel or T-scope word walls
methods of teaching word-analysis skills
the teacher gives students a group of letters such as ‘c’, ‘f’, ‘l’, ‘m’, ‘p’, and ‘v’ in order to work with the spelling pattern ‘ast’. to start, the ‘ast’ may be on one card with the other letters separate. the teacher begins by making the word ‘cast’ and saying a sentence with the word in it
making word families
students are given a group of words to sort into various categories
free sort: students can sort words any way they wish; by beginning sounds, ending sounds, rhymes, parts of speech
guided sorts: the teacher directs students to sort into particular phonetic categories, such as the ‘at’, ‘ing’, and ‘ake’ rimes
word sorts
students build a word, take it apart, and build it again as they study the word formation
take apart
different onsets can be matched to the same or different rimes to make a new word
blending wheel or T-scope
can be used to build categories of words, such as various word families, number of syllables, or beginning/ ending consonant blends
word walls
an abbreviation that is used as a word; ASAP
acronym
a letter or group of letters added to a root word to change its meaning; pre: re-, un- and su: -less, -acy
affix
a word or phrase that can be made by rearranging the letters of another word; ocean/canoe
anagram
words that mean the opposite; hot/cold, guilty/innocent
antonyms
a base word is a word that stands alone, but affixes can be added; test/ retest/ pretest/ testing/ tester
base word
two words that are joined together to form one word; upstairs
compound words
one word that abbreviates a two-word combination and uses an apostrophe to substitute for the subtracted letter or letters; don’t, wouldn’t
contraction
the study of the history of words or phrases; pizza (Italian)
etymology
an expression or word that is substituted for something that is considered too hard or vulgar; darn for damn
euphemism
words that sound the same, but are spelled differently and have different meanings; bare, bear, pail, pale
homophones
a group of words that have a different meaning than what is expected; the ball is in your court
idiom
a word or phrase that is spelled the same forward and backward; mom, madam, racecar
palindrome
a morpheme that is attached to the beginning of a word
prefix
a morpheme that is attached to the ending of a word
suffix
words that mean the same thing or nearly the same thing; nice/ polite, cold/ chilly
synonyms
a syllable that ends with a consonant (CVC pattern) and usually has a short vowel sound; can/ter, but/ler
closed syllable
words with more than one syllable; these can be challenging to readers
multisyllabic words
a syllable that ends with a vowel (CV or V pattern) that usually has a long vowel sound; ba/by, a/way
open syllable
the ability to look at words and analyze them through word parts and their meanings
structural analysis
the act of dividing words into syllables
syllabication
true or false?
a syllable contains one vowel sound, an affix is a prefix or suffix, and a root word contains meaning
true
teaches the meaning of the base words, roots, and affixes
structural analysis
what strategy is taught when using these resources:
dictionaries
homographs and their pronunciation
structural analysis, context clues
dictionary
glossary
thesaurus
using online resources
word reference materials
