Wood Shingles & Shakes, Part II - Roof Coverings Flashcards
Why should inspectors avoid walking on wood shingle and shake roofs?
A) They are extremely expensive to replace
B) They are easily damaged and can be slippery when wet
C) They contain hazardous chemicals
D) They have weak fasteners
Answer: B) They are easily damaged and can be slippery when wet
Which of the following is NOT a common reason for wood shingle and shake roof failure?
A) Poor ventilation
B) Mechanical damage
C) Lack of exposure to sunlight
D) Poor installation
Answer: C) Lack of exposure to sunlight
How much does rainwater and melting snow erode a wood shingle roof per year?
A) 1/128 inch
B) 1/64 inch
C) 1/32 inch
D) 1/16 inch
Answer: B) 1/64 inch
Which direction of roof exposure typically weathers the fastest?
A) North-facing
B) South-facing
C) East-facing
D) West-facing
Answer: B) South-facing
What is a sign of poor ventilation in a wood roof?
A) Warping of gutters
B) Dark patches indicating damp areas
C) A smooth, polished appearance
D) Large gaps between shakes
Answer: B) Dark patches indicating damp areas
Which of the following is NOT a common cause of mechanical damage to wood roofs?
A) Overhanging branches
B) Hailstorms
C) Golf balls
D) Excessive underlayment
Answer: D) Excessive underlayment
Which of the following is an indication of poor wood roof installation?
A) Buckling shingles due to tight nailing
B) Dark streaks from water drainage
C) Presence of sap residue
D) Extra-thick layers of underlayment
Answer: A) Buckling shingles due to tight nailing
What is a major maintenance issue for wood shake and shingle roofs?
A) Excessive ventilation
B) Lack of vegetation on the roof
C) Moisture retention from moss and mildew buildup
D) Shingles installed with extra overlap
Answer: C) Moisture retention from moss and mildew buildup
Which of the following is a major threat to wood roofs that can be difficult to spot?
A) UV radiation
B) Wood-destroying insects
C) Snow accumulation
D) Uneven roof pitch
Answer: B) Wood-destroying insects
Which of the following MUST be included in a wood roof inspection report?
A) The estimated remaining lifespan of the roof
B) Whether the roof has been pressure-washed
C) Signs of missing, damaged, or rotten shingles
D) The exact type of wood species used
Answer: C) Signs of missing, damaged, or rotten shingles
Why should an inspector avoid predicting the lifespan of a wood roof?
A) Wood roofs are all rated for 50+ years
B) The inspector lacks proper certification
C) Too many variables affect longevity
D) It is a violation of home inspection ethics
Answer: C) Too many variables affect longevity
When installed according to the manufacturer’s instructions, asphalt shingles can be installed on a roof with a slope as low as:
2:12 slope
One of the main purposes of using crushed stone or gravel ballast on a built-up roof and embedding a mat of crushed stone in the top exposed layer of an asphalt shingle is to protect the roof-covering material from the direct, damaging:
sunlight
Which of the following indicates poor shake or shingle maintenance?
Moss or mildew on the covering
Asphalt shingles use either ________ or _________ as a base.
cellulose….fiberglass
T/F Slate tile roofs should never be walked on.
True
Small dimples or circular depressions on asphalt shingles are often caused by:
Hailstones
Wood shakes and shingles should be used only on roofs with a slope of at least:
4:12 slope
Most jurisdictions allow no more than _____ layers of asphalt shingles.
Two
T/F Wood shingles should be installed over tar paper or a similar underlayment, although this is not always required if installed over skip sheathing.
True
Rotting or saturated areas of shakes and shingles will appear as _______ patches on the roof.
Dark
Fasteners made of ___________ are recommended for tile roofs.
Copper or Stainless Steel
T/F Clay tiles are easily distinguishable from concrete tiles.
True
A wood shingle is _________-cut, whereas a shake is split by ________.
machine…. hand
T/F It is not necessary to note previous shingle repair if the repair was performed by a professional.
False
Concrete and clay tile roofs with a slope of less than 4:12 require ______ layers of underlayment.
two
Asphalt shingles that are made up of several layers are called _________.
engineered
architectural
3-tab
Architectural
Wood shakes require a minimum of ________ of separation to allow for expansion and contraction.
1/4-inch to 1/2-inch
1/8-inch to 3/8-inch
3/8-inch to 5/8-inch
3/8-inch to 5/8-inch
Fasteners made of ___________ are recommended for tile roofs.
Copper or stainless steel
T/F: Clay tiles are easily distinguishable from concrete tiles.
True
- Weight
Clay Tiles: Lighter than concrete tiles.
Concrete Tiles: Heavier due to their density. - Appearance & Texture
Clay Tiles: Usually have a smoother, more refined surface with rich, natural earthy colors (orange, red, brown).
Concrete Tiles: Often have a rougher texture and can be manufactured in a variety of colors, but they may fade over time. - Sound
Clay Tiles: Produce a higher-pitched sound when tapped.
Concrete Tiles: Sound more dull or hollow when tapped. - Water Absorption
Clay Tiles: Absorb less water (typically below 6%), making them more resistant to freeze-thaw cycles.
Concrete Tiles: Absorb more water (up to 13%), which can make them more prone to moss and algae growth. - Shape & Consistency
Clay Tiles: More uniform in color and shape due to being kiln-fired.
Concrete Tiles: Can vary slightly in shape and color due to the curing process. - Longevity & Durability
Clay Tiles: Can last over 100 years if properly maintained.
Concrete Tiles: Typically last 50 years but may wear down faster due to weathering.
