Wood Flashcards
What are the characteristics of softwood?
Softwood has needle-like leaves, a tall long shape, grows faster, is easy to work with, and is cheap.
What are the characteristics of hardwood?
Hardwood has broad leaves, a short wide shape, takes longer to grow, and is expensive.
What is timber?
Timber is wood manufactured into an artifact, such as furniture, a house, or a boat.
What is timber conversion?
Timber conversion is the process of planking trees, where planks produced from different parts of the tree trunk have different properties.
What is plain sawing?
Plain sawing is a method that is simple, cheap, and quick, but results in long annual ring wrap.
What is quarter/radial sawing?
Quarter/radial sawing is stronger, shows attractive rings, and has short annual rings, making it less likely to wrap.
What is seasoning in wood processing?
Seasoning is the removal of excess moisture from wood by drying after conversion to prevent shrinking.
What is air seasoning?
Air seasoning involves stacking wood boards with thin strips between them to allow air circulation under shelter from weather.
What is kiln seasoning?
Kiln seasoning involves stacking planks on a trolley with sticks between them and using controlled steam and temperature to dry wood.
What are the failures in timber?
Failures in timber include shrinkage, wrapping, defects (shake, knot, irregular grain, waney edge), insect attack, and fungal attack.
What are manufactured boards?
Manufactured boards are timber sheets made of wood chips or fibers glued together, available in various thicknesses.
What are the advantages of manufactured boards?
Manufactured boards are available in larger sizes, designed for specific purposes (e.g., waterproof), use waste wood, have fewer imperfections, do not split, and can come with finishes.
What is coctence?
Coctence refers to a tall, long shape that grows faster and is easy to work with.
What are some examples of softwood?
Examples of softwood include Scots Pine, Parana Pine, Spruce, Yellow Cedar, and Redwood.
Describe Scots Pine.
Scots Pine is straight-grained but prone to knots, pale in colour, strong yet easy to work with, cheap, and readily available.
Describe Parana Pine.
Parana Pine is hard and straight-grained, virtually knot-free, fairly strong, comparatively expensive, and pale yellow in colour with darker brown streaks.
Describe Spruce.
Spruce is creamy-white with small hard knots and is not very hardwearing.