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CET 156 > WOOD > Flashcards

WOOD Flashcards

1
Q

is that fibrous substance which composes the trunk and branches og the tree that lies between the pith

A

Wood

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2
Q

is the term applies to wood when it is sawed or split into timbers, planks, and boards

A

Lumber

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3
Q

unplaned or undressed lumber

A

Rough Lumber

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4
Q

has at least one smooth surface

A

Surface or Dressed Lumber

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5
Q

is milled to the molder to a specified edge

A

worked lumber

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6
Q

intended to be cut up ihto further manufacture

A

Shop Lumber

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7
Q

Less than 5 inches in thickness and including strips, boards, and framing members(studs, joints, and rafters). The grading is based on length.

A

Yard Lumber

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8
Q

2 inches or 5 inhes thick (yard lumber)

A

Dimensioned Lumber

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9
Q

Same to yard lumber but is over 5 inches thickness and width. The grading is based on strength.

A

Structural Lumber

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10
Q

a piece of lumber cut tangent to the annual rings, running the full length of the log and containing one flat surface

A

Slab

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11
Q

a piece of lumber more than 5 inches in its smaller dimension

A

Timber

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12
Q

a wide piece of lumber ranging from 1 1/2 to 5 inches in thickness

A

Plank

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13
Q

a piece of lumber less than 1 1/2 inches thick and 4 inches og more in width

A

Board

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14
Q

a term applied to a piece of veneer, plywood, or other manufactured board.

A

Sheet

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15
Q

a thick piece of lumber or log which is to be cut into veneer . It may also refer to the pile of veneer cut from one log.

A

Flitch

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16
Q

Classification of Wood (6)

A

Mode of Growth
Density
Leaves
Shade or Color
Grain
Nature of the surface when sawed

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17
Q

are those outward growin trees that are most preferred for lumbering

A

Exogenous

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18
Q

are those inside growing trees that are not preferred for lumbering because they produce soft center core

A

Endogenous

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19
Q

it is either soft or hard

A

Density

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20
Q

two types of leaves

A

Needle Shape
Broad Shape

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21
Q

Shade or Color (5)

A

White
Yellow
Red
Brown
Black etc.

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22
Q

Types of Grain

A

Staight
Cross
Fine
Coarse

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23
Q

Nature of the surface when sawed

A

Plained
Grained
Figured
Marked

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24
Q

a process or operation from cutting trees, hauling, and delivery of wood to the sawmill for sawing

A

logging

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25
Q

is applied to the operations performed in preparing the wood for commercial purposes

A

lumbering

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26
Q

process of cutting logs into commercial sizes of lumber

A

sawing

27
Q

methods and manner of log sawing are

A

plain and bastard sawing
quarter or rift sawing

28
Q

4 ways of quarter or rift sawing

A

radial
tangential
quarter tangential
combined radial and tangential

29
Q

irregularities found in wood

A

defects

30
Q

classification of defects in wood

A

natural defects
seasoning defects
due to deterioration

31
Q

are radial cracks originating at the heart of the logs commonly found in old trees

A

heart shakes

32
Q

is the separation of the rings in a piece of wood that occurs as it dries

A

wind shakes or cup shakes

33
Q

are composed of several heart shakes which radiates from the center of the log in star-like manner

A

star shakes

34
Q

occurs at the stsrting point of a limb oŕ branch of the wood

A

knots

35
Q

4 types of natural defects

A

heart shakes
wind shakes or cup shakes
star shakes
knots

36
Q

4 classification of knots

A

pin knota
small knots
medium knots
large knots

37
Q

:caused by faulty techniques of seasoning
:different types of permanent distortion of timber and ruptures of tissues separately or together

A

seasoning defects

38
Q

types of seasoning defects

A

warping
check
split
wane
crook

39
Q

Types of warping

A

cupping
bow
twist

40
Q

the distortion in convented timber caused departure from its original plane usually during seasoning period

A

warping

41
Q

:when the board bends edge to edge cross the face pf the boards will look like the letter U
:common in boards that are cut close to the pith

A

cupping

42
Q

a board that bends along the grain lines

A

bow

43
Q

a board that bends in any variety of direction and cannot maintain a straight line

A

twist

44
Q

used to describe a crack that runs through a board, usually running lengthwise

A

check

45
Q

crack extends from face to face of the wood

A

split

46
Q

the presence of bark or the absence of wood on thr corners of a board

A

wane

47
Q

board that is bent end to end in the direction of the tall ends of a board as it continues down the length of the board

A

crook

48
Q

2 types of defects due to deterioration

A

dry rot
wet rot

49
Q

caused by a fungi in a seasoned lumber due to the presence of moisture

A

dry rot

50
Q

takes place sometime in the growth of the tree caused by water saturation

A

wet rot

51
Q

is the controllesd process of reducing the moisture content of the timber or lumber so that it is suitable for the environment and intended use

A

seasoning

52
Q

2 methods of seasoning lumbers

A

natural or air seasoning
artificial seasoning

53
Q

:is the method used with the timbers or lumbers stacked in the open air
:considered as one of the best method seasoning timbers and lumbers, although the period involved is relatively longer

A

natural or air seasoning

54
Q

:is a process wherein the lumber is stacked in a drying kiln and then exposed to steam and hot air
:wood from this process undergoes quizck drying and is classified as quite inferior in quality as compared to those lumber seasoned by air seasoning method

A

artificial seasoning

55
Q

3 artificial seasoning

A

forced air drying
kiln air drying
radio frequency dielectric drying

56
Q

is the process of acceleratibg seasoning or achieving faster and more uniform pre-drying prior to kiln drying

A

forced air drying

57
Q

this process begins with forced air drying or fan drying. it differs from the air dryin in the sense that the process is speededby control of the temperature and humidity, as well as the circulation of air, in a special built of room and chamber

A

kiln air drying

58
Q

when the electronic disturbance occurs, the innermost molecules begin moving

A

radio frequency dielectric drying

59
Q

4 common causes of decay in wood are

A

alternate moisture and dryness
fungi and molds
insects and worms
heat and confined air

60
Q

2 process of preserving wood are as follows

A

external
internal

61
Q

the wood is coated with preservative(as paint) which penetrayes the fiber

A

external preserving

62
Q

a chemical is integrated as pressure to permeate the wood thoroughly

A

internal preserving

63
Q

its purpose is to compel additive synthetics profound into the cell construction of the wood

A

pressure-treated wood

CET 156 (3 decks)

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