WOMENS HEALTH Flashcards
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF A FEMALE’S REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS.
UTERUS
FALLOPIAN TUBES
OVARIES
WHAT ARE THE OVARIES ?
PAIR OF SMALL OVAL SHAPED ORGAN LOCATED EITHER SIDE OF THE UTERUS.
WHAT IS THE ROLE OF THE OVARIES ?
PREPARE AND NURTURE EGGS FOR OVULATION.
PRODUCE OESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE.
HOW MANY EGGS DO OVARIES CONTAIN AND ARE THEY MATURE OR IMMATURE?
MILLIONS OF IMMATURE EGGS.
WHAT ARE THE FALLOPIAN TUBES
TWO TUBES ATTACHED TO THE UTERUS
ROLE OF THE FALLOPIAN TUBES?
TRANSPORT SPERM TO THE OVUM FOR FERTILIZATION.
WHAT ARE THE FALLOPIAN TUBES COVERED IN AND WHY DOES THIS HELP?
COVERED IN CILIA THAT HELPS TO MOVE THE OVUM FROM THE OVARY TO UTERUS.
WHAT IS THE UTERUS?
A SMALL FIRM MUSCULAR ORGAN.
WHAT IS THE UTERUS MADE UP OFF?
ENDOMETRIUM
MYOMETRIUM
PERIMETRIUM
UTERUS
CERVIX
WHAT IS THE ENDOMETRIUM ?
MUCUS MEMBRANE LINING IN THE UTERUS
WHAT IS THE MYOMETRIUM?
MUSCLE LAYER OF THE UTERUS
WHAT IS THE PERIMETRIUM?
OUTER LAYER OF THE UTERUS
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE UTERUS AND CERVIX?
CHANGES SHAPE AND PROPORTIONS OVER TIME
MENSTRUAL PERIODS
THE STAGE OF A MENSTRUAL CYCLE DURING WHICH THE PERSON IS BLEEDING.
AT WHAT AGE DO MENSTRUAL CYCLES USUALLY START?
10-15
HOW LONG DO PERIODS LAST
UP TO 7 DAYS BUT CAN BE LESS OR MORE. DIFFERENT FOR EACH PERSON.
WHAT CAN IMPACT MENSTRUAL PERIODS?
WEIGHT LOSS
MALNUTRITION
MEDICAL CONDITIONS
STRESS
HORMONES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
WHAT HORMONES DOES THE PITUITARY GLAND PRODUCE?
LH & FSH
HORMONES OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
WHAT HORMONES DOES THE OVARIES PRODUCE?
ESTRADIOL (OESTROGEN)
PROGESTERONE
WHAT IS ENDOMETRIOSIS ?
A CONDITION WHERE THE TISSUE SIMILAR TO THE LINING OF THE WOMB STARTS TO GROW IN OTHER PLACES SUCH AS THE OVARIES AND FALLOPIAN TUBES.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF ENDOMETRIOSIS?
ABDOMINAL PAIN/BACK PAIN
SEVERE PERIOD PAIN
IRREGULAR PAIN
PAIN DURING OR AFTER SEX
NAUSEA
CONSTIPATION
DIARRHOEA
HAEMATURIA
DIFFICULTY GETTING PREGNANT
WHAT IS POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS)?
HORMONAL DISORDER
WHAT ARE THE 3 MAIN FEATURES OF PCOS
IRREGULAR PERIODS
EXCESS ANDROGEN
POLYCYSTIC OVARIES
PCOS - WHY IRREGULAR PERIODS
OVARIES DO NOT REGULARLY RELEASE EGGS
PCOS- WHY EXCESS ANDROGENS
HIGH LEVELS OF “MALE” HORMONES IN THE BODY
PCOS - WHY POLYCYSTIC OVARIES
OVARIES BECOME ENLARGED AND CONTAIN MANY FLUID-FILLED SACS (FOLLICLES).
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF PCOS
EXCESSIVE BODY HAIR GROWTH
WEIGHT CHANGES AND TROUBLE LOSING WEIGHT
OVARIAN CYSTS
LOW SEX DRIVE
IRREGULAR OR MISSED PERIODS
MALE PATTERN BALDNESS/ THINNING OF HAIR
HIGH TESTOSTERONE LEVELS
INSULIN RESISTANCE
FATIGUE
ACNE
MOOD CHANGES
TROUBLE CONCEIVING OR INFERTILITY
WHAT IS MENOPAUSE
THE PERMANENT CESSATION OF MENSES FOR 12 MONTHS RESULTING FROM OESTROGEN DEFICIENCY
WHEN DOES MENOPAUSE USUALLY OCCUR ?
BETWEEN THE AGES OF 45-55
WHAT IS HAPPENING WITH THE MENOPAUSE>
THE NUMBER OF FOLLICLES REDUCES WHICH REDUCES THE AMOUNT OF OESTROGEN PRODUCED.
SYMPTOMS OF MENOPAUSE
HOT FLUSHES
NIGHT SWEATS
DIFFICULTY SLEEPING
ANXIETY / LOW MOOD
MEMORY OR CONCENTRATION PROBLEMS
OSTEOPOROSIS
FEMALE CANCERS
BREAST CANCERS
WHAT IS BREAST CANCER?
A NEW LUMP OR THICKENING IN THE BREAST OR ARMPIT.
WHAT SHOULD I BE LOOKING FOR WITH BREAST CANCER?
A CHANGE IN SIZE, SHAPE OR FEEL OF THE BREAST.
SKIN CHANGES IN THE BREAST SUCH AS DIMPLING, RASH OR REDNESS OR SKIN.
FLUID LEAKING FROM THE NIPPLE IN A WOMAN WHO IS NOT PREGNANCY OR CHEST FEEDING.
FEMALE CANCERS
WHAT IS CERVICAL CANCER ?
COMMON CANCER THAT DEVELOPS ON THE CERVIX
WHAT IS CERVICAL CANCER CAUSED BY
USUALLY CAUSED BY ABNORMAL CELL/ THE HUMAN papillomavirus (HPV).
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CERVICAL CANCER
UNUSUAL VAGINAL BLEEDING
PAIN OR DISCOMFORT DURING SEX
VAGINAL DISCHARGE
PELVIC PAIN
FEMALE CANCERS
WHAT IS OVARIAN CANCER
TYPE CANCER THAT STARTS IN THE OVARIES
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF OVARIAN CANCER?
FEELING FULL QUICKLY
LOSS OF APPETITE
ABDOMINAL PAIN
DISTENDED ABDOMEN /BLOATING
FREQUENT URINATION
CANCER TREATMENTS
CHEMOTHERAPY
RADIOTHERAPY
WHAT IS CHEMOTHERAPY?
A TYPE OF ANTICANCER DRUG TREATMENT THAT KILL CANCER CELLS.
HOW DOES CHEMOTHERAPY WORK?
WORK THROUGHOUT THE BODY AND ARE CALLED SYSTEMIC TREATMENT
WHAT IS RADIOTHERAPY
TYPE OF IONISING RADIATION (HIGH ENERGY) THAT DESTROYS CANCER CELLS IN THE TREATED AREA BY DAMAGING THE DNA of these cells.
side effects of cancer treatments
fatigue
nausea and vomiting
infection risk
anaemia
bruising and bleeding
hair loss
skin damage to treatment area
