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Women's health & obstetrics Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

4 bones of the pelvis

A

sacrum
ileum
ischium
pubis

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2
Q

4 main shapes of female pelvis

A

gynecoid
arthropoid
platypelloid
android

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3
Q

force closure

A

interlocking ridges and grooces of bony joint surfaces of pelvis
bony structure that makes up pelvis

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4
Q

form closure

A

achieved through compressive forces of the muscles, ligaments, and fascia providing passive stabilities

active: muscles
passive: ligaments, fascia

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5
Q

3 major functions of pfm

A

support pelvic organs
continence of urine & feces
sexual functions of arousal & orgasm

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6
Q

pelvic floor functions (7)

A

pelvic organ support
pregnancy and childbirth
breathing (helps maintain equilibrium of intra-abdominal pressure)
control bladder and control bowel
sexual function
passage of urine and feces

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7
Q

pelvis is posteriorly made of

A

sacrum and attachment to ilium

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8
Q

pelvis is anteriorly made of

A

attachment of both pubis via symphysis pubis

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9
Q

anterior sacroiliac ligaments and resistance

A

anterior longitudinal ligament, sacroiliac ligament, sacrospinous ligament

stabilizes joint by resisting upward movement of the sacrum and lateral movement of the ilium

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10
Q

posterior sacroiliac ligaments and resistance

A

long dorsal sacroiliac ligaments, supraspinous ligaments, iliolumbar ligaments, sacrotuberous ligaments

resist downward and upward movement of the sacrum and medial motion of the ilium

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11
Q

gynecoid pelvis: relationship of transverse diameter to ap diameter of inlet

A

transverse slightly bigger than AP

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12
Q

android pelvis: relationship of transverse diameter to ap diameter of inlet

A

transverse diam is > AP

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13
Q

anthropoid pelvis: relationship of transverse diameter to ap diameter of inlet

A

AP>transverse ONLY ONE

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14
Q

platypelloid pelvis: relationship of transverse diameter to ap diameter of inlet

A

transverse MUCH greater than AP

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15
Q

gynecoid shape

A

transverse oval

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16
Q

android shape

A

heart

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17
Q

anthropoid shape

A

AP oval

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18
Q

platypelloid shape

A

flat bowl like

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19
Q

gynecoid subpubic angle

A

90 degrees

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20
Q

android subpubic angle

21
Q

gynecoid pelvic side wall

Study These Flashcards
A

straight and parallel

22
Q

android pelvic side wall

23
Q

anthropoid pelvic side wall

24
Q

platypelloid pelvic side wall

25
only pelvis shape with prominent ischial spine
android
26
obstetric outcome/delivery gynecoid
no difficulty in engagement and delivery m/c position of head LOT/LOA
27
obstetric outcome/delivery android
engagement delayed deep transverse arrest/persistent occipitoposterior position common difficulty instrumental delivery
28
obstetric outcome/delivery anthropoid
diameter of engagement is AP diameter direct occipito posterior position is m/c nonrotation is common difficulty delivery but not as difficult as android face to pubes delivery
29
obstetric outcome/delivery platypelloid
head engages in transverse diameter with marked asyncliticism engaging diameter is supersub parietal diameter instead of usual biparietal diameter If head is able to negotiate the inlet by means of asynclitism then normal labor otherwise cesarean section
30
ischocavernosus attachment
male: base of penis female: clitoris
31
muscle that goes around anus
puborectalis
32
bulbospongiosus or bulbocavernosus
male: surrounding base of penis female: surrounding vaginal cavity
33
urogenital diaphragm
endopelvic fascia thickening of retroperitoneal fascia strong, muscular membrane triangular ligament stretches across the triangular anterior portion of the pelvic outlet
34
broad ligaments
thin, mesenteric-like double reflection of peritoneum thickened connective tissue that helps support pelvic structures stretches from lateral pelvic sidewalls to uterus
35
cardinal/mackenrodt's ligaments
extend from the lateral aspects of the upper part of the cervix and the vagina to the pelvic wall
36
uterosacral ligaments
extend from upper portion of cervic posteriorly to 3rd sacral vertebra help support uterus in the female sexual organ within th epelvis
37
pubovesical ligament
for urinary bladder
38
superficial pelvic floor muscles
external anal sphincter perineal body puboperineal muscles: pubopostaticus or pubovaginalis
39
deep pelvic floor muscles
levator ani (pubococcygeus, ileococcygeus, puborectalis) coccygeus
40
puborectalis oina
o: pubic symphysis i: pubic symphysis n: s3-s5 a: raises pelvic floor
41
pubococcygeus oina
o: posterior pubic bone & arcis tendineus i: anococcygeus ligament & coccyx n: s3-s5 a: maintains floor tone in upright position
42
iliococcygeus oina
o: ischial spine & arcus tendineus i: anococcygeus raphe & coccyx n: s3-s5 a: voluntary control of urination
43
coccygeus oina
o: ischial spine i: lower sacral & upper coccygeal bones n: s3-s5 a: support of fetal head
44
piriformis oina
o: anterior sacrum i: posterior surface of greater trochanter n: s1-s2 via nerve to piriformis a: lateral rotation, abduction of thigh; retroversion of pelvis
45
obturator internus oina
o: pelvic surface of ilium, ischium, & obturator membrane i: posterior surface of greater trochanter n: L5, S1-S2 via nerve to obturator internus a: lateral rotator of thigh
46
internal anal sphincter
extension of circular muscle layer of rectum involuntary
47
external anal sphincter
extension of longitudinal muscles of the rectum has voluntary and involuntary parts
48
levator ani surrounds
distal part of anal sphincter

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