Women Flashcards
Overview: protestant reformation women
- obediant and silent
- performed hosuehold tasks
- exceptions in 1500s included wealthy merchant women
- reformation claimed women not to be in ecclesiastical space (preaching etc.)
Overview: catholic counter women
- 1545 to 1781
- ## spiritual renewal —> women in church space
Overview: catholic counter women
CITY OF MUNSER, germany
- study of 600 wills between 1600-1650
- pattern of gift giving
- records suggest lax attitude towards marriage (despite country getting stricter) –> due to competing jurisdictions in the area, both state and church dealt with marriage
Work: Amy Erikson
Argument
All London wives engaged in work 18th century
- idea of marital status trumping occupational identity skewed by fact that parish records only wrote down marital status
- women in 18th century still had narrow range of jobs
Work: Amy Erikson
Single women vs married women
- single women worked predoninantly in domestic service jobs London
- married women barriers: child rearing, law of coverture (husband owned finances).
- married women in ads may not have put marital status
- court cases, husbands represented their women
Work: Domestic Service
Late 18th century facts
- 70-90% of domestic slaves were women and girls
- england, 2/3 of population worked either farm or domestic service
Work: Domestic Service
Benefits
- way into urban life
Work: Domestic Service
Negatives
- bad conditions
- high pregnancy out of wedlock
- many prostitues were former servants
- life cycle servitude –> e.g women in Poland when older returned to servant job to avoid poverty
Work: textul production
Overview
- sign of virtue for wimen to do no needle work
- occupation crowding lead to shit wages
Work: textul production
Ottoman Bursa
- 1700 nearly half of all spinning implements owened by women
Work: textul production
Changes 16th century on
- had been organised into guilds since medieval times
- 16th cent on women get kicked out
- e.g Germany: idea of respectable women works becomes thing –> evidence of black market growth
- e.g Lyon: underground workshops for women
Work: textul production
Changes 18th century
- still sexism
- pockets of work
- france at least 14 towns adnitted women into tailors guild
- 1780, around 800 merchant mistresses, and 1,200 wage earners
Work: unpaid
Why did widows have less wealth?
- inherited husbands death
- did not inherit husbands land or property
Work: Mari Agren
Main argument
- work cant be framed as within domestic realm
- neighbours co operated
- women e.g 1662 Ingeborg is examole
- house isnt stable unit yet
- work was ubiquitous (protestanism plays a role)
- women and men shared activities but didnt have same exact role
Work: 1690’s Glikl Judah Leib
- widowed
- sets up shop in Hamburg –> sells pearls from other Jews
- German Jews often expected to work
- her grandnother worked
- in their culture it didnt tarnish her reputation
