Reformation Flashcards
Causes: printing press
Authentic
1 in 90
Causes: printing press
Popularity of Luther books
- 1517-25: pamphlet production increased 40 fold
- by 1500: 200 printing presses in europe
- Luther responsible for 20% of all output
Causes: printing press
Leipzing
- 1524
- complaint
Causes: printing press
What does Mark Edwards argue?
- reformation was oral event despite low literacy level
Causes: printing press
MARK EDWARDS proof
- Mattheus Zell 1523 “Christian Apology”
- Luther work: over 6 million copies published
Causes: printing press
LUTHERS ARTWORK
- Lucas Cranach
- didactic imagery
Causes: fractures and early reformations
Fractures
- avignon papcy (1305-78)
- schism (1378-1417)
Causes: fractures and early reformations
Rise in humanism
- erasmus (c. 1500)
Causes: fractures and early reformations
Heresy
John Wycliff –> 1415 (well after death) his body is burned and declared a heretic
JAN HUS–> IS EXECUTED 1415
Lollardy movement
Causes: fractures and early reformations
Issues in church
Absenteeism
Sexual immorality
1500, 4 priests a month attscked in Tolouse
Effects: Success
Gerald Strauss argument
Failures were due to pre existing issues
Effrcts: success
Learning
- catechism: evrry third pastor had own variant
- 16th century assumptions about learning
Effrcts: success
16th century learning assumptions
- visitation records “habituation”
- duke of Saxony 1574 “accustomed to practice of repetition”
Effrcts: success
Visitations scarce in cities
- 1554 attempt in strassbourg
- city of magdeburg refused visitations
Effrcts: success
Vistiations failure
- 1535 visit saxons
- told fix up
- 1574 again
- 1579 visit showed no changes
