Wokring With Tables And Graphs

Question 0

What is present in a good graph ?

Answer 0

Axes correctly labelled
Appropriate scale 
Broken scales must be indicated 
Only put lines on if the relationship between x and y is k own 
Descriptive legend

Question 1

What is present in a good table ?

Answer 1

Accurate title 
Labelled columns and rows with units 
Data to a suitable level of accuracy 
Describe legend below showing any statistical treat,net 
Simple enough to understand

Question 2

In drug-concentration curves what is characteristic of agonists ?

Answer 2

They are able to produce a graded concentration response relationship - as the concentration of the agonist increases the magnitude of the response increases but this is not linear

Question 3

What is the shape of a drug concentration curve ?

Answer 3

A hyperbola

Question 4

Why are most agonist-concentration graphs plotted as logarithmic graphs ?

Answer 4

It prevents clumping of data occurring when the concentrations range is large
Makes the graph become s shaped with a well defined linear region

Question 5

What is the threshold region of a log-concentration response curve ?

Answer 5

Minimum concentration to produce a quantifiable response

Question 6

What is the linear region of a log-concentration response curve ?

Answer 6

It is the middle region which produces large changes in response to small increments in concentration
This portion is parallel for drugs which produce an effect at the same mechanism but they will have different potencies

Question 7

What is the maximum response in a log-concentration response curve ?

Answer 7

It is the finite capacity which the biological system can respond to the drug

Question 8

What is the maximum response dependent upon ?

Answer 8

Ability of the agonist to activate the receptor

Capacity of the system to convert receptor stimulus into a measurable response

Question 9

What is the EC50?

Answer 9

It is the concentration of agonist which gives a 50% response

Question 10

What is the purpose of concentration-response curves ?

Answer 10

Used to measure drug activity or selectivity of a biological system
Enables construction of models of drugs actions for comparison

Question 11

What 2 basic properties can be determined by concentration-response curves ?

Answer 11

Potency and intrinsic activity

Question 12

What is potency ?

Answer 12

It is a measure of the concentration of drug needed to elicit a response

Question 13

What is intrinsic activity ?

Answer 13

Measure of the ability of a drug to elicit a response when it occupies its receptor
Full agonists which have intrinsic activity of 1
Partial agonists which have intrinsic activity <1

Question 14

What is the pEC50/pD2?

Answer 14

Negative log concentration of the EC50

Question 15

What happens to the concentration response curve when an antagonist is applied ?

Answer 15

It shifts the curve to the right

Question 16

What is competitive surmountable antagonism ?

Answer 16

Shifts concentration response curve to the right in a parallel manner and max response is unchanged

Question 17

What is the extent of displacement of an agonist by an antagonist dependent upon ?

Answer 17

Concentration of antagonist present

Strength of binding to the receptor

Question 18

With competitive surmountable antagonism the parallel displacement can be measured by ratios of what ?

Answer 18

The EC50s

Ec50 without antagonist and ec50 with antagonist

Question 19

What is the ec50 ratio equal to ?

Answer 19

[B]/Kb

Question 20

What is the Kb?

Answer 20

Dissociation constant of the antagonist
As it increases the dissociation from the receptor decreases
Antagonists with high affinity have small Kb

Question 21

How is Kb calculated ?

Answer 21

By plotting log(A’/A-1) vs log[B]
If you get a straight slope of 1 the x-axis intercept is -logKb
Schild plot

Question 22

What is a schild plot ?

Answer 22

It is used to determine whether an antagonist is competitive or not
Schild plots with a linear slope of 1 and both the x and y intercepts are equal indicate a competitive antagonist