(Wk1) Levels of Organisation

Question 1

What are the levels of organisation in the body, starting from the smallest?

Answer 1

-Molecules
-Cells
-Tissues
-Organs
-Systems
-Organism

Question 2

What is the structure of the human body called?

Answer 2

Anatomy (internal and external)

Question 3

What is the function of the human body called?

Answer 3

Physiology

Question 4

Give examples of the chemical level of organisation.

Answer 4

Atoms, Molecules, Water, Ions, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Nucleic Acids, Amino Acids, Proteins.

Question 5

What are cells?

Answer 5

Cells are the building blocks of all organisms.

Question 6

What are the 2 general classes of cells that the human body contains?

Answer 6

Sex cells and Somatic Cells.
-Sex cells are sperm or ooctyes.
-Somatic cells are body (all other) cells.

Question 7

What is the function of a cell membrane/plasma membrane?

Answer 7

Physical barrier that separates the inside of the cell (cytoplasm) from its surrounding environment.

Question 8

What other functions does the Plasma membrane do?

Answer 8

-Physical Barrier
-Regulation of exchange with the environment
-Structural support and site of attachment of proteins
-Transmission of electrical and chemical signals
-Secretion and uptake of substances.

Question 9

How do substances cross the plasma membrane?

Answer 9

-Simple/passive diffusion
-Facilitated Diffusion
-Exocytosis
-Endocytosis

Question 10

What are Tissues?

Answer 10

Tissues are groups of cells with similar structure and function.

Question 11

Name the 4 classes of tissue.

Answer 11

Epithelial,
Connective,
Nervous,
Muscular.

Question 12

What are epithelial tissues?

Answer 12

Type of body tissue that forms the covering on all internal and external surfaces of your body.

Question 13

What are the 4 types of simple epithelial tissues called?

Answer 13

-Simple Squamous (flat, single layer)

-Simple cuboidal (single layer, tall, wide)

-Simple Columnar (single row of tall, closely packed cells, aligned in a row)

-Pseudostratified (simple columnar epithelial cells whose nuclei appear at different heights)

Question 14

What is Connective Tissue?

Answer 14

Type of body tissue that bind structures together, form a framework and support for organs and the body as a whole.

Question 15

What are Nervous Tissues?

Answer 15

Main tissue component of the nervous system. It is responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities

Question 16

What are the 2 main types of nervous tissues?

Answer 16

Neurons and Neuroglia.

Question 17

What are muscular tissues?

Answer 17

A type of body tissue that is responsible for the movement of the body, with specialised cells that have the ability to contract.

Question 18

What are the 3 types of muscular tissue?

Answer 18

Skeletal, Smooth and Cardiac.