Wk 9 Transportation

Question 1

How did Van Houten, Nau, and Marini reduce speeding? What was their first finding?

Answer 1

1. By posting the percentage of drivers not speeding on a highway sign along with the best record. Using information, feedback and incentives.
2. They found that weekly feedback was as effective as daily feedback.

Question 2

In the Van Houten and Nau study comparing the feedback sign with police enforcement, which treatment was more effective?

Answer 2

Public posting was four times as cost effective than than the police enforcement

Question 3

What were the five major finding of the Van Houten and Nau 1983 analysis of feedback signs?

Answer 3

1. That using a lenient criteria for speeding which allowed posting high numbers produced a larger reduction in speeding than using a stringent criteria.
2. That the effects of the sign persisted for at least 6km on a freeway.
3. That the effects of the feedback sign produced larger long term effects than a parked police vehicle and that the police car produced an overreaction effect.
4. that the effects of the feedback sign produced the same effect as the air patrol speed enforcement condition and that the combination of the air patrol and posing produced an even larger effect.
5. That the warning program produced a larger effect than giving citations and that the feedback sign plus the warning program produced even larger effects.

Question 4

What were the results of the Reagan et. al. 2012 study?

Answer 4

That incentives of $20 per week that could be earned for not speeding were effecting in reducing speeding.

Question 5

What is traffic calming?

Answer 5

Traffic calming refers to changes in road design that reduces speeding.

Question 6

List some examples of traffic calming designs.

Answer 6

1. speed bumps, humps, and tables
2. roundabout circles
3. chicanes, bends, deviations
4. neckdowns, chokers, curb extension
5. narrow roads or lanes
6. raised intersections, changes in road texture

Question 7

What percentage of vehicles on the road are occupied by only one person?

Answer 7

about 75%

Question 8

How can we reduce the amount of fuel used?

Answer 8

1. carpooling
   2.preferential lanes
2. bicycle, walk, or transit
3. electric vehicles
4. ride sharing apps

Question 9

What was the effect of the Jacob et. al. carpooling study?

Answer 9

Preferential parking and redeemable coupons increasing carpooling and preferential parking alone was just as effective as preferential parking and coupons.

Question 10

What effect does high occupancy lanes have on carpooling?

Answer 10

the significantly increase carpooling

Question 11

what are two ways to increase the purchase of electric vehicles?

Answer 11

1. provide cash incentives for purchase
2. allow electric vehicles to use HOV lanes with only one occupant