Wk 6 Sticks & Stones Flashcards
Name the key ways of achieving structural rigidity
> > Stability achieved by STRUCTURAL FORM (e.g. Jefferson campus at Uni Virginia curving thin garden walls)
>>Thickness >>engaged piers in plan >> intermediate walls in plan >> restraining members or planes in section >> reinforcing steel inside walls
What are the 5 most common techniques to achieving resistance to lateral loads in masonry walls?
- Thickness
- Engaged piers in plan
- Intermediate walls in plan (if forces act against one of the walls, compression forces will be mobilised in the 2 adjacent walls to prevent it from moving)
- Restraining members or planes in section
- reinforcing steel inside the wall
walls with engaged piers in plan…
incorporating piers into walls form strong points at intervals to stiffen it.
In a tall wall these will act as buttresses.
The wall between will resist lateral loads through arching action.
What is the EFFECTIVE HEIGHT of walls that engage restraining members or planes in section to achieve structural rigidity?
the effective height of the wall is the height between floors, because the roof/intermediate floors confer structural rigidity to the walls.
What is the composition of mortar?
portland cement
lime
sand
water
What types of footings are appropriate for continuous masonry walls?
Continuous footings of course…
depends on foundation…could be:
- strip
- beam
- pier and beam
What is the SLENDERNESS RATIO in relation to walls?
describes the relationship between the width and height of a wall (esp. masonry walls) and its stability.
What would be a typical height and slenderness ratio for a garden wall in Sydney 230mm thick?
230 thick => 1800mm high & 8 slenderness ratio
What ratio of cement:lime:sand (for mortar) is gives the most durable joint?
1:0:4
What ratio of cement:lime:sand (for mortar) is the most commonly used?
1:1:6
What ratio of cement:lime:sand (for mortar) gives the weakest joint?
0:1:3
define MASONRY
a construction of brick, concrete block, stone, terra cotta or other units laid in mortar
define BONDING (as it relates to masonry)
the method of laying masonry units in a wall in a regular pattern for strength
define BOND (as it relates to masonry)
the pattern formed by the exposed faces of masonry units (e.g. stretcher bond as at right)
define COURSE (1) (as it relates to masonry)
A continuous horizontal layer of bricks, blocks, stones or other building units in a wall bonded together with mortar
define PERPEND(2) (as it relates to masonry)
the vertical joint between masonry units
define COMMON BRICK (as it relates to masonry)
any brick made primarily for general building work & not especially treated for colour or texture
define FACE BRICKWORK (as it relates to masonry)
a wall in which bricks are laid accurately to a plane face and the joints neatly pointed
define JOINT (as it relates to masonry)
the mortar between adjacent masonry units
define PRIMARY STRUCTURE
principal members of a skeletal structural system carrying the applied loads to the footings & foundations members
define SECONDARY STRUCTURE
members used to transfer loads of the cladding, roofing, flooring etc. to the primary structure.
define BAY (as it relates to gravity load framing & walling systems)
BAY: a repeated 3D module
define FRAME (as it relates to gravity load framing & walling systems)
the constructional unit made up from individual load bearing & spanning members
define BRACING (as it relates to gravity load framing & walling systems)
diagonal members fixed to a frame to provide stability
define JOINT (as it relates to gravity load framing & walling systems)
the means of joining at least 2 members, hence ‘pin joint’, ‘rigid joint’ etc.
define SPAN
the distance between structural support members
define GRIDLINES
layout of columns or other structural members
What are the 3 ways to achieve lateral stability in a framed structure?
- rigid joints
- cross bracing
- shear panels or walls
