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PSYC4000 > Wk 4 - Confidence/Injury > Flashcards

Wk 4 - Confidence/Injury Flashcards

1
Q

What is sport self-confidence? (x2)

A 
Realistic expectation(s) an athlete has about generally being successful
General faith in one’s athletic ability (trait)
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2
Q

What is sport self-efficacy? (x2)

A

Strength of conviction that
can perform behaviours required to produce specified outcome
= state self-confidence

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3
Q

Why is self-confidence important in sport? (x2)

A

Affects performance when athlete is capable of doing the task
Esp. important when athletes face adverse consequences of failure

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4
Q

How does confidence relate to anxiety? (x3)

A

Low competitive trait anxiety relates to higher confidence
High trait confidence relates to lower cognitive/somatic state anxiety
Cognitive/somatic state anxiety predict confidence and performance

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5
Q

Cite 2 pieces of evidence supporting role of confidence in performance

A

US gymnasts that made Olympic team higher in confidence than those who didn’t
Higher confidence = higher 1 rep max lift on bench press, by 9kg

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6
Q

Describe 2 models of confidence-performance relationship

A

Circular/spiral

Inverted U: diffidence, optimal confidence, over-confident

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7
Q

What was the ‘battle of the sexes’ tennis match in the mid 70s? (x2)
What explains the result? (x1)

A

Bobby Riggs stated no woman would ever beat a man at elite tennis
Billie Jean challenged him - and kicked his ass

Over-confidence

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8
Q

What 6 methods have coaches ID’d as effective techniques for enhancing self-confidence?

A

Focus on performance improvements
Have good instruction/drilling/practice
Set specific performance (not outcome) goals
Use hard physical conditional drills
Verbally persuade the athletes “you can do it”
Encourage positive self-talk (discourage negative)

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9
Q

What 9 sources of enhanced confidence have been ID’d by athletes?

A 
Preparation
Performance accomplishments
Coaching
Innate factors
Social support
Experience
Competitive advantage
Self-awareness
Trust
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10
Q

What are considerations when using imagery to improve confidence? (x3)

A

Building,
Maintaining, or
Regaining?

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11
Q

What evidence from youth-soccer supports use of imagery in enhancing confidence? (x2)

A

MG-M (motivation general - mastery) imagery accounted for half of variance in confidence and efficacy
= best type of imagery for confidence in youth athletes

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12
Q

What 2 types of imagery positively predicted confidence in 315 athletes who completed Sport Imagery Ability Q and Competitive Trait Anxiety Inv.?

Which indicated that it’s…? (x1)

A

Mastery
Goal

Important to see themselves achieving goals and performing well in difficult situations

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13
Q

Name 3 test used to measure sport self-confidence

A

One subscale CSAI-2
State Sport-Confidence Inventory (Vealey, 1986)
Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory

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14
Q

Describe 1 piece of evidence that supports the role of confidence in predicting emotions

A

Self-confidence significantly predicted control of anger in rugby players

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15
Q

Describe the 2 results for confidence levels among 4 groups of badminton players:
A - correction cues and + feedback
B - cues on errors of execution
C - + feedback, correction cues, and error cues
D - control group

A

Self-confidence scores of groups A and C improved for the easy skill
For the difficult skill, only group C improved in confidence over time

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16
Q

What 3 psychological factors predispose athletes to injury?

A

Being a risk taker
High state anxiety: increased muscle tension, over-training, inattention
Life stress: major positive/negative events, daily hassles

17
Q

What are 2 common psychological responses to injury?

A

Grief response: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
POMS (Profile of Mood State Q): found high frustration, depression, anger after injury

18
Q

What 5 personal injury factors influence psychological response to injury?

A 
History
Severity
Type
Perceived cause
Recovery status
19
Q

What 9 personal psychological factors can influence psychological response to injury?

A 
Personality (e.g., optimism)
Self-perceptions
Self-motivation
Attributional style
Pain tolerance
Athletic identity
Coping/psychological skills
History of stressors
Mood states
20
Q

What 5 personal demographic factors can influence psychological response to injury?

A 
Gender
Age
Ethnicity
Socioeconomic status
Prior sport experience
21
Q

What 3 personal physical factors can influence psychological response to injury?

A

Use of ergogenic aids
Physical health status
Disordered eating

22
Q

What 6 situational sport-specific factors can influence psychological response to injury?

A 
Type
Level of competition
Time during season
Playing status
Training vs. game
Scholarship/job status
23
Q

What 6 situational social factors can influence psychological response to injury?

A 
Teammate influences
Coach influences
Family dynamics
Sports medicine team influences
Social support provision
Sport ethic/philosophy
24
Q

What are 5 critical psychological rehabilitation strategies for injury management?

A 
Communication
Motivation
Relaxation
Imagery
Self-talk
25
Q

What factors should be communicated to the athlete during psychological rehabilitation for injury management (x2)
Because… (x1)

A

Needs understanding of nature, severity, prognosis of injury, treatment rationale; and
Realistic expectations of pain, mobility, recovery
*lack of = inc. fear/uncertainty

26
Q

What communication factors do medical staff need to consider when dealing with psychological rehabilitation? (x4)

A

Medical staff should actively listen, respond to concerns,
Negotiate treatment plan
Give reasons for treatments
Try to keep athlete in training

27
Q

What psychological motivations strategies are useful in injury management?

A

Rehab programs useless without adherence

Goal setting helps: physical rehab, ideal time for mental skills training

28
Q

What personal factors affect adherence to sport injury rehab? (x4)

A

Self-motivation
Strong ID with athlete role as a source of self-worth
Pain tolerance
Toughmindedness

29
Q

What environmental factors affect adherence to clinic-based injury rehab?

A

Social support
Practitioner expectancies of adherence
Comfortable clinical settings
Convenient scheduling of appointments

30
Q

What 5 additional factors related to injury rehab adherence?

A 
Emotional distress
Perceptions of injury severity
Personal control over injury recovery
Treatment efficacy
Rehabilitation self-efficacy
31
Q

What are 2 benefits of using psychological relaxation in sport injury rehab?
Name 1 technique commonly used

A

Reduce stress/anxiety associated with being injured
Reduce pain at site of injury

Biofeedback to relax muscles in affected area

32
Q

In what ways can psychological imagery be used in injury rehab? (x4)

A

Mental rehearsal of physical skills
Successful return to competition
Pain control
*Glove anaesthesia
*Imagine pain getting smaller and smaller
Healing the body – image what you want your body to do with the injured area

33
Q

What 3 self-talk techniques are useful in injury rehab?

With what 2 benefits?

A

Challenge negative irrational talk
Thought stoppage
Positive self-talk

Reduced tendency to dwell on negative thoughts of self, injury, return to comp
Increased self-efficacy predicts recovery

34
Q

What opportunities for growth and development might be provided by being injured?

A

Increased knowledge of anatomy and injury risk factors - foster risk management
Strengthen social network
Improved technique - slow down, focus on fundamentals
Increased resilience
Become more caring person

35
Q

What are 2 methods of increasing social support during injury recovery?

A

Modelling: pair with someone with similar injury, with successful coping/recovery
Injury support group: discuss thoughts/emotions with similar others

36
Q

What role does having an emotional outlet play in emotional trauma after injury? (x3)

A

High/low hardiness = emotional trauma after injury
High hardiness tend to disclose thoughts/feelings to non-sport support network
Low hardiness report no outlet - need to keep up appearance of strength

37
Q

What factors affect psychological readiness to return to competition? (x2)

A

Improvements in surgery and physio = less time for psychological adjustment
Monitor athlete’s anxiety, self-confidence, and motivation to return

38
Q

What are 3 potential consequences of premature return to competition after injury?

A 
Re-injury
Poor performance (due to poor self-confidence)
Feelings of fear, anxiety, self-doubt, depression

PSYC4000 (5 decks)

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