Wk 2: Muscular Syst in relation to movement-Arthro/Osteokinematics-Concave/Convex Rule

Question 1

Explain the difference between Arthrokinematics and Osteokinematics?

Answer 1

Osteokinematics refers to joint motion whereas Arthrokinematics refers to joint Surface motion

Question 2

Osteokinematic motion is often referred to as

a) Voluntary movement
b) Classical motion
c) Physiological motion
d) All the above
e) None of the above

Answer 2

d) All of the above

Voluntary movement, classical motion, physiological motion

Question 3

Kinetics are the forces _____ movement

Answer 3

creating

Question 4

Kinematics is the _____, _____,& _____ aspects of a moving system.

Answer 4

time, space, & mass

Question 5

Arthrokinematics refers to the _____ of joint surface movement. Examples include spinning, _____, and _____

Answer 5

relationship, gliding and rolling.

Question 6

Osteokinematics is the relationship of the _____ of bones around a joint _____

Answer 6

movement, axis

Question 7

Arthrokinematics is the small movements happening at the _____ surface

Answer 7

joint

Question 8

Arthrokinematic movements typically consist of rolls, _____/____, and _____.

Answer 8

glides/slides

spins

Question 9

Osteokinematics typically consist of _____/_____, _____/_____ and internal/external _____

Answer 9

flexion/extension
abduction/adduction
Rotation

Question 10

Osteokinematics describes clear movements of _____ that are visible from the outside.

Answer 10

bones

Question 11

Gross movement that happens between two bones

Answer 11

Osteokinematics

Question 12

Gross movement of bones at joints describes ___________

Answer 12

Osteokinematics

Question 13

the study of the movement of bones associated with joints

Answer 13

Osteokinematics

Question 14

the general term for the specific movements of joint surfaces

Answer 14

Arthrokinematics

Question 15

Joint surfaces move with respect to one another by simultaneously _____, _____, and _____

Answer 15

rolling, gliding, and spinning

Question 16

Movements at joint surfaces are collectively called

Answer 16

Arthrokinematics

Question 17

Movements at joint surfaces follow the rules of _____and _____

Answer 17

concavity and convexity

Question 18

Each joint or articulation involves two bony surfaces, one that is _____ and one that is _____

Answer 18

convex and concave

Question 19

When the concave surface is fixed and the convex surface moves on it, the convex surface rolls and glides in _____ directions.

Answer 19

opposite

Question 20

Why must convex joint surfaces roll and glide simultaneously?

Answer 20

to preserve joint integrity and prevent dislocation o the joint

Question 21

What would happen if a convex surface were to roll on a fixed concave surface without gliding at the same time?

Answer 21

the joint would become dislocated

Question 22

the concave convex rule depends on which _____ is moving

Answer 22

surface

Question 23

When a concave surface moves, the bone and surface move in

ex: elbow flexion: as ulna(concave surface) moves Up on humerus(convex) the bone(ulna) also moves Up

Answer 23

the same direction

Question 24

When a convex surface moves, the bone and surface move in

ex: shoulder ABD: as humerus (convex surface) moves Down on scapula, the bone moves Up

Answer 24

opposite directions

Question 25

Osteokinematic movement is joint motion while Arthrokinematic motion is

Answer 25

joint SRUFACE motion

Question 26

if a convex joint surface moves up, the bone moves

Answer 26

down

Question 27

If a convex joint surface moves down, the bone moves

Answer 27

up

Question 28

If a concave joint surface moves down, the bone moves_____

Answer 28

down

Question 29

If a concave joint surface moves up, the bone moves _____

Answer 29

up

Question 30

When a muscle contracts, it _____

Answer 30

shortens

Question 31

The Origin of a muscle is typically ____

Answer 31

stable

Question 32

The Insertion of a muscle is typically the _____ part

Answer 32

movable

Question 33

Typically, the movable part of a muscle is its____

Answer 33

Insertion

Question 34

Typically, the stable part of a muscle is its ____

Answer 34

Origin

Question 35

Tendons connect ____ to bone

Answer 35

muscle

Question 36

Ligaments connect _____ to bone

Answer 36

bone

Question 37

Irritability & Excitability refer to a muscle's _____to a stimulus

Answer 37

response

Question 38

Contractility is a muscle's ability to

Answer 38

shorten

Question 39

The term describing a muscle's ability to lengthen or stretch

Answer 39

Extensibility

Question 40

A muscle's ability to return to normal resting length is called

Answer 40

Elasticity

Question 41

Tone is described as a muscle's state of _____ or the slight _____ in a muscle when properly innervated

Answer 41

readiness, tension

Question 42

The slight tension in a muscle when properly innervated

Answer 42

Tone

Question 43

A muscle's state of readiness is also known as it's

Answer 43

Tone

Question 44

Abnormal tone means a muscle is _____ when it shouldn't be

Answer 44

contracting

Question 45

A quick stretch before muscle contraction _____ strength.

Answer 45

increases

Question 46

A sustained stretch before muscle contraction ____ strength. | ex: stretching before running track will decrease strength. Warm up NOT stretch

Answer 46

decreases

Question 47

What is Active Insufficiency?

Answer 47

the point where a muscle can't shorten farther without damage

Question 48

the point where a muscle can not shorten any farther or will get damaged

Answer 48

Active Insufficiency

Question 49

What is Passive Insufficiency?

Answer 49

point where a muscle can't be elongated farther without damage

Question 50

When a muscle can't be elongated farther without damage, this is called

Answer 50

Passive Insufficiency

Question 51

What is the purpose of strecthing?

Answer 51

To increase the resting length of a muscle

Question 52

The purpose of stretching is to _____ the resting length of a muscle

Answer 52

increase

Question 53

To stretch one-joint muscle, you must pit all two-joint muscles on ____ first.

Answer 53

slack

Question 54

Tenodesis the the movement of the _____ to move the fingers

Answer 54

wrist

Question 55

Due to tenodesis, when the wrist extends, the fingers _____

Answer 55

flex

Question 56

Because of tenodesis, when the wrist flexes, the fingers _____

Answer 56

extend

Question 57

Refers to when the length of a muscle/tendon unit causes motion

Answer 57

Tenodesis

Question 58

Insufficiencies occur in muscles spanning ___ joints

Answer 58

two

Question 59

Two-joint muscles do not have length to be stretched over both joints completely

Answer 59

TRUE

Question 60

Passive Insufficiency occurs when the multi-joint muscle is _____ to its fullest extent at both joints, but also preventing the full ___ of each joint it crosses.

Answer 60

lengthened/elongated, Range of Motion ex: when the knee is fully extended, it's way harder to fully flex the hip(full forward bending). bending the knees a little frees up the hips to flex a bit more.

Question 61

Both _____ and _____ insufficiency are functional states that occur in multi-joint muscles only.

Answer 61

active, passive

Question 62

Active Insufficiency occurs when a multi-joint muscle _____ over BOTH joints simultaneously and hence, creates so much slack, that muscle tension is almost completely lost

Answer 62

shortens ex: Knee is flexed up, hip is extended

Question 63

The time it takes a muscle tense or to build up enough tension to perform an action. The "delay phase"

Answer 63

slack

Question 64

To stretch a one-joint muscle, you must put all two-joint muscles on ____ first

Answer 64

slack

Question 65

``` Name the types of muscle contractions I I - - I ```

Answer 65

``` Isometric Isotonic -Concentric -Eccentric Isokinetic ```

Question 66

Isometric means

Answer 66

Same length

Question 67

In Isometric muscle contractions, there is no change in, in other words the muscle works but there's no change in its length What's example of this?

Answer 67

muscle length, planking

Question 68

In Isotonic muscle contractions, a change in muscle _____ and _____ angle occurs. Often _____ gravity.

Answer 68

length, joint, against

Question 69

Isotonic means

Answer 69

same tension

Question 70

Isokinetic means

Answer 70

same speed

Question 71

In Isokinetic muscle contractions, _____ changes depending on mechanics of the muscle. Usually done with special equipment and there is the _____ resistance through motion

Answer 71

resistance, same