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foundations of OT practice > wk 1/2 > Flashcards

wk 1/2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is an assumption?

A

ideas or principles that are taken for granted

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2
Q

what are beliefs?

A

convictions about what is true?

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3
Q

what is philosophy?

A

a conscious framework of assumptions and beliefs that guides actions

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4
Q

what are the three questions of philiosophy?

A
  1. what is most real for OT?
  2. what is knowledge in OT?
  3. what is the right action in OT?
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5
Q

what is ontology?

A

what is most real?

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6
Q

what is epistemology?

A

what is knowledge?

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7
Q

what is axiology?

A

what is the right action?

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8
Q

what does ontology study?

A

study of being, what are the most real dimensions of life

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9
Q

what doe epistemology study?

A

theory of knowledge

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10
Q

what does. axiology study?

A

study of values including what is good, beautiful and morally desirable

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11
Q

what is the desired future?

A

the optimal participation of individuals in health-promoting occupations

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12
Q

what does collaborative, relationship-centred practice constitute?

A

a methodology that manifests OT values and beliefs about reality and knowledge

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13
Q

what is a core methodology for occupation-centred practice?

A

help clients participate in meaningful, satisfying and health-promoting occupations

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14
Q

what are some core values in OT’s axiology that must be respected?

A
  • essential dignity for all
  • perspectives and experiences of clients
  • empathy, genuine engagement
  • imagination and integrity
  • potential to experience wellbeing
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15
Q

what are some core concepts in OT?

A
  • focus on enabling adaption
  • systems approach
  • support practice with research
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16
Q

what are some occupational problems and challenges?

A
  • reduced quality of life
  • restriction of development
  • occupation disrupt or deprivation
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17
Q

what are some values in OT?

A
  • occupation is necessary for health
  • respect its value
  • active engagement and empowerment of clients
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18
Q

what is a paradigm?

A

how members of any discipline share common vision; collection of perspectives, ideas and values

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19
Q

what time in history was the formative stages?

A

ancient times- 1900s

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20
Q

what happened during the age of enlightenment?

A

questioned old views of the world

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21
Q

what happened during the industrial revolution?

A

technological advances, migration and industrialisation created social challenges and development

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22
Q

what happened during the progressive era?

A

widespread social activism and political reform, brought sharing of ideas and science

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23
Q

when did the rise in moral treatment happen?

A

late 18th century Europe

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24
Q

what. were two prominent people and places to incorporate moral treatment in the late 18th century?

A
  • York retreat, William and Henry Tuke (England)

- Bicentre Asylum and Hospital,Dr Philipe Pinel (paris)

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25
when did the decline in moral treatment occur?
second half of19th century
26
what caused paradigm shift in declined moral treatment?
advances in scientific and medical knowledge, and growth of neurology
27
who started the arts and crafts movement in England?
John Ruskin and William Morris
28
what was the arts and crafts movement a reaction to?
problems caused by industrial revolution
29
what did the arts and crafts movement embrace?
that making handmade goods integrated the body and mind providing intrinsic satisfaction
30
what was William James known for?
philosophy of habit
31
what was James Dewey known for?
learning should not be on a specific trade or skill, but rather developing problem solving skills (learning by doing)
32
what was the interest of Adolf Meyer?
connection of mind and body and importance of cultivating health pattern of life
33
what was the interest of George Edward Barton?
enviro, work simplification, | activity analysis
34
what was the interest of William Rush Dunton Jr?
moral treatment
35
what was the interest of Eleanor Clarke Slagle?
habit training
36
what was the interest of Thomas Bessell Kidner?
vocational rehab, manual training
37
what was the interest of Susan Cox Johnson?
arts and crafts knowledge
38
what was the interest of Susan E Tracy?
moral treatment, arts and crafts
39
what was the interest of Herbert James Hall?
work cure
40
when was the National Society for the Promotion of OT founded and who by?
Barton and Dunton in 1917
41
what was the emphasis of forming NSPOT?
emphasise therapeutic focus to distinguish from craft societies
42
what did the US gov provide for returned soldiers during world war I?
reconstruction services
43
when were minimum standards for OT courses established and adopted by the AOTA?
1923
44
when did NSPOT change to the American OT association?
1921
45
what happened between the 1940s-60s?
OT shifted from a paradigm of occupation to reductionism
46
what was the first crisis of OT between 1940-60s?
came under pressure from medicine to establish theoretical rationale and evidence for practice
47
what occurred from 1970s-80s?
return to roots of occupation, rejecting reductionism and returning to principles of moral treatment
48
what was the second crisis of OT and when did this occur?
growing realisation that OT was lacking science unique to OT, 1970s-80s
49
what are six of Dunton's Principles of OT from 1918?
- patient should be carefully studied - work must be interesting - should lead to increase in knowledge - cure should be main concern - not to point of fatigue - work should be carried out with others
50
what was the PEO model developed in response to?
lack of OT literature describing theoretical and clinical application of PEO interaction
51
what does the PEO model framework guide?
clinical reasoning, does not prescribe specific intervention methods. or assessment
52
what type of approach to the person and enviro does the PEO model adopt?
transactive
53
what are some similarities between the PEO and PEOP models?
- consider OP as main outcome - OP is determined by person, enviro and occupation - primary intent to emphasise role of enviro
54
what is the product of the three components of the PEO model?
occupational performance
55
what are three assumptions of the PEO model?
- person is dynamic - enviro changes and so does behaviour - enviro can have enabling and constraining effects
56
how is the person viewed in the PEO model?
as a unique and holistic, and includes the mind, body and spirit
57
what are variables associated with the person?
- interests - values - beliefs - skills - habits - roles - abilities - life experiences
58
what are some of the attributes and life experiences a person brings?
- self-concept - personality - cultural background - personal competencies
59
what types of skills and abilities a person can have?
- cognitive - social - emotional - psychological - sensorimotor skills
60
what are types of enviros in the PEO model?
- cultural - social - psychological - organisational - physical - political - economic - institutional components
61
what is the cultural enviro based on?
shared experiences that determine values, beliefs and customs
62
what does the cultural enviro include?
- ethnicity - religion - national identity
63
what is the temporal enviro made up of?
time-orientated factors associated with the person and the task
64
what does the institutional/organisational enviro include?
societal institutions such as: - policies - decision-making processes - accessibility - legal
65
what are the three areas of occupation?
- self-care - productivity - leisure
66
what is PEO Fit?
when person, enviro and occupation fit together, OP is optimised
67
what is PEO Misfit?
when factors don't fit
68
what does PEO Misfit craete?
barriers to effective OP
69
if the overlap of the PEO model venn diagram are closer is there more fit or misfit?
more fit

foundations of OT practice (4 decks)

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